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what animals live in African lakes? 🐟 FISH (Especially Cichlids)

The lakes are world-famous for their astonishing cichlid diversity, much of it found nowhere else on Earth.

Lake Malawi

700–1,000+ species of cichlids (many extremely colorful)

Endemic genera: Mbuna, Haplochromis, Aulonocara, etc.

Lake Tanganyika

~250+ cichlid species, many ancient lineages

Other unique fish:

Tanganyika sardines (Stolothrissa, Limnothrissa)

Deep-water predators like Bathybates

Lake Victoria

Historically 500+ cichlid species (many reduced by Nile perch introduction)

Still home to many Haplochromis species

Nile perch, tilapia, catfish

🦐 INVERTEBRATES Lake-specific endemic species include:

Freshwater crabs (e.g., Potamonautes)

Shrimp (e.g., Caridina nilotica)

Snails (e.g., Biomphalaria species)

Various endemic:

amphipods

copepods

mollusks

🦎 REPTILES

The lakes and their shorelines support:

Nile crocodile

Monitor lizards (e.g., Nile monitor)

Terrapins and freshwater turtles

🦅 BIRDS

The wetlands and shores are major habitats for:

African fish eagle

Cormorants

Herons & egrets

Kingfishers

Pelicans

Marabou storks

Flamingos (especially near saline lakes of the Rift Valley, e.g., Lakes Natron, Bogoria)

🦛 MAMMALS

In and around the lakes:

Hippos (common in many lakes)

Sitatunga (swamp antelope)

Otters—Spotted-necked otter, African clawless otter

Water-adapted monkeys near rivers and forest edges (e.g., vervets, guenons)

🦗 AMPHIBIANS & OTHER ANIMALS

The region includes:

Diverse frogs and toads

Aquatic insects (dragonflies, water beetles, mosquito larvae)

Sponges, especially unique freshwater species in Lake Tanganyika

Why the Diversity Is So High

The Great Lakes are some of the oldest and deepest lakes in the world (especially Tanganyika), creating long periods for evolution.

They provide varied habitats: rocky shores, sandy bottoms, deep pelagic zones, vegetated shallows, rivers, and wetlands.


African Great Lakes

by Russell John David vigneault

Africa has 7 great lakes and the majority were named by Europeans like, like, lake albert, lake victoria, and lake edward. All of the rest of the great lakes are african names like, lake turkana, Lake kivu, lake tanganyika, and lake malawi.

thanks to this article to prairie hill waldorf school