Lithium phosphate
| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Lithium phosphate
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| Other names
Trilithium phosphate
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.736 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Li3PO4 | |
| Molar mass | 115.794 g/mol |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Density | 2.46 g/cm3[1] |
| Melting point | 1,205 °C (2,201 °F; 1,478 K)[1] |
| 0.027 g/100 mL (25 °C)[1] | |
| Structure[2] | |
| Orthorhombic | |
| Pmn21 | |
a = 6.115, b = 5.239, c = 4.855
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| Tetrahederal (at all atoms) | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
-2095.8 kJ/mol[1] |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Warning | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations
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Trisodium phosphate Tripotassium phosphate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Lithium phosphate is a phosphate salt of lithium, with the molecular formula Li3PO4.[3] It is a white solid slightly soluble in water.
It is primarily used in the production of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) for making lithium-ion batteries.[3]
Synthesis and structure
[edit]Trilithium phosphate can be produced by the neutralization of lithium carbonate using phosphoric acid:[1]
- 3 Li2CO3 + 2 H3PO4 → 2 Li3PO4 + 3 H2O + 3 CO2
The low-temperature polymorph (β-Li3PO4) crystallizes as an orthorhombic crystal with the space group Pmn21. If heated to above 500°C, it converts to another polymorph, γ-Li3PO4.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Haynes, W. M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (96th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1482260960.
- ^ Charles Keffer; Alan D. Mighell; Floyd Mauer; Howard E. Swanson; Stanley Block (1967). "Crystal structure of twinned low-temperature lithium phosphate". Inorganic Chemistry. 6 (1): 119–125. doi:10.1021/ic50047a027.
- ^ a b "Lithium Phosphate". Sigma Aldrich. Retrieved 16 May 2025.
- ^ L. Popović; B. Manoun; D. de Waal; M. K. Nieuwoudt; J. D. Comins (2002). "Raman spectroscopic study of phase transitions in Li3PO4". Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. 34 (1): 77–83. doi:10.1002/jrs.954.