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2016年航天活动列表

本页使用了标题或全文手工转换
维基百科,自由的百科全书
2016年航天活动
A landed Falcon 9 first stage on Of Course I Still Love You
Infrared view of Jupiter's southern aurora
Impact scar of Schiaparelli on the Martian surface
Scott Kelly being carried from the Soyuz TMA-18M spacecraft
2016年航天活动亮点,由上自下从左到右:
轨道发射
首次1月15日
末次12月28日
总计85
成功82
失败2
部分失败1
标识符83
火箭
处女航
退役
载人航天
轨道飞行次数5
载人航天人数合计14
舱外活动次数4
2016年航天活动列表
← 2015
2017 →

2016年,多个新火箭发射场投入使用。

概述

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2016年4月28日,俄罗斯为远东的东方航天发射场举行了落成典礼,首先进行了传统的联盟号2.1a发射,随后几年,东方航天发射场进行了扩建,以容纳安加拉系列火箭。中国长征七号运载火箭于6月25日在位于海南省文昌市新建成的航天发射场成功首飞长征五号运载火箭于也于11月3日在该发射场完成首飞。在2014年发射天鹅座3号货运飞船爆炸事故发生两年后,Antares火箭于10月17日再次飞行,其升级版230型火箭搭载俄罗斯RD-181发动机。

在多次失败的尝试之后,SpaceX开始将其猎鹰9号第一级火箭降落在無人駕駛著陸船,离其长期提出的开发可重复使用运载火箭的目标更近了一步。该公司表示,回收的发动机和结构未遭受重大损坏。[1]其中一枚着陆助推器B1021于2016年4月发射,并于2017年3月再次飞行;[2]另外两枚助推器被改装为侧置助推器,用于猎鹰重型火箭的首飞。[3]

ExoMars任务是欧洲和俄罗斯航天机构合作开展的,于3月14日发射,并于10月19日抵达火星。[4]此次飞行致力于天体生物学研究,搭载了到达火星轨道的ExoMars微量气体轨道器和着陆时坠毁的斯基亞帕雷利EDM登陸器。计划于2020年进行的后续飞行将搭载ExoMars罗莎琳德·富兰克林探测器和四台静态地面仪器。[5]与此同时,日本太空探测器“晓”号在花了五个月时间逐步调整轨道后,于五月开始对金星进行观测[6]。行星探索活动成为焦点,美国国家航空航天局的朱诺号探测器于7月4日进入木星轨道,随后美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的OSIRIS-REx探测器于9月8日发射,前往小行星101955“贝努”。最终,9月30日,罗塞塔号探测器在丘留莫夫-格拉西缅科彗星上缓慢着陆。[7][8]

载人航天飞行包括斯科特·凯利英语Scott_Kelly_(astronaut)米哈伊尔·科尔尼延科于三月份返回地球,他们此前在国际空间站执行了为期一年的任务英语ISS year-long mission,这是宇航员在空间站连续停留时间最长的一次。凯利还创下了美国人在太空轨道停留时间最长的纪录。2016年发射了四次国际空间站探险任务,编号为47至50,第一次探险任务使用最后一艘联盟号TMA-M飞船,后三次探险任务将使用现代化的联盟号MS飞船。第50次远征将持续到2017年。进行了多次舱外活动以维护国际空间站的外部。实验性的BEAM充气居住舱于4月16日安装到国际空间站,并于5月28日展开,开始为期两年的在轨测试。与此同时,中国于9月发射了新的天宫二号空间实验室,景海鹏陈冬随后搭乘神舟十一号,于10月19日至11月17日期间首次访问了该实验室一个月。

轨道发射

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯
发射时间 (UTC) 运载火箭 火箭编号 发射场 发射服务提供商英语List of launch service providers
有效载荷
(⚀ = 立方星)
载荷用户 轨道 功能 再入时间 (UTC) 结果
附注

January

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15 January
16:57:04
中国 Long March 3B/E 中国 Xichang LC-3 中国 CASC
白俄罗斯 Belintersat 1 Belarus Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
17 January
18:42:18
美国 Falcon 9 v1.1 F9-021 美国 Vandenberg SLC-4E 美国 SpaceX
美国 Jason-3 NOAA / EUMETSAT Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
Final flight of the standard Falcon 9 v1.1, future flights will use the upgraded Falcon 9 Full Thrust. Falcon 9's first stage performed a soft landing on an autonomous spaceport drone ship in the Pacific Ocean, but the failure of one landing leg to lock into position caused it to fall over and break apart.[9]
20 January
04:01:00
印度 PSLV-XL C31 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 IRNSS-1E ISRO Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
27 January
23:20:48
法國 Ariane 5 ECA VA228 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
美国 Intelsat 29e Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Spacecraft failure in 2019[10]
29 January
22:20:09
俄罗斯 Proton-M / Briz-M 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 200/39 俄罗斯 美国 International Launch Services
法國 Eutelsat 9B Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
Carries the first laser communication node for the European Data Relay System

February

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1 February
07:29:04
中国 Long March 3C/E / YZ-1 中国 Xichang LC-3 中国 CASC
中国 BeiDou M3-S CNSA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
5 February
13:38:00
美国 Atlas V 401 AV-057 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-266 (GPS IIF-12) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
7 February
00:21:07
俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 43/4 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2514 (GLONASS-M 751) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
7 February
00:30
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Unha-3 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Sohae 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 NADA
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4[11] NADA Low Earth Earth observation 30 June 2023[12] Successful
10 February
11:40:32
美国 Delta IV M+ (5,2) 美国 Vandenberg SLC-6 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-267 / Topaz-4[13] NRO Retrograde LEO Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
NROL-45 mission. Spacecraft launched in a retrograde orbit.
16 February
17:57:40
俄罗斯 Rokot / Briz-KM 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 133/3 法國 / 俄罗斯 Eurockot
Sentinel-3A ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
17 February
08:45:00
日本 H-IIA 202 F30 日本 Tanegashima LA-Y1 日本 MHI
日本 美国 Hitomi (ASTRO-H) JAXA / NASA Low Earth X-ray astronomy 在轨 Spacecraft failure
日本 ChubuSat-2 Nagoya University Low Earth Radiation / Amateur radio 在轨 Operational
日本 ChubuSat-3 MHI Low Earth Remote sensing / Space debris monitor 在轨 Operational
日本 Horyu-4 Kyushu Institute of Technology Low Earth Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
Hitomi malfunctioned after initial checkouts, and is believed to have lost attitude control and snapped off its solar array. 28 April, JAXA has abandoned efforts to recover the spacecraft.[14][15]

March

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4 March
23:35:00
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-022 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
卢森堡 SES-9 SES S.A. Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
High-velocity landing test ended with a hard landing on the drone ship Of Course I Still Love You and destruction of the first stage.
9 March
05:20:07
法國 Ariane 5 ECA VA229 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
法國 Eutelsat 65 West A Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
10 March
10:31:00
印度 PSLV-XL C32 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 IRNSS-1F ISRO Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
13 March
18:56:00
俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1b 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Resurs-P No.3 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 17 October 2023[16] Partial spacecraft failure[17]
The launch succeeded on its second attempt after a rare pad abort the day before.
14 March
09:31:42[5]
俄罗斯 Proton-M / Briz-M 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 200/39 俄罗斯 Khrunichev
/ 俄罗斯 ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter ESA Areocentric orbit Mars orbiter 在轨 Operational
Schiaparelli EDM lander ESA TMI to Martian Surface Mars lander 19 October 2016 Landing failure
18 March
21:26:38
俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz TMA-20M Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 47/48 7 September 2016
01:13
Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. Final flight of the Soyuz TMA-M variant
23 March
03:05:52
美国 Atlas V 401 AV-064 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 Cygnus CRS OA-6
S.S. Rick Husband
Orbital ATK / NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 22 June 2016
13:29
Successful
菲律宾 日本 Diwata-1 DOST / TU Low Earth Earth observation 6 April 2020[19] Successful
美国 Flock-2e' × 20 Planet Labs Low Earth Earth observation First: 3 October 2017[20]
Last: 10 November 2018[21]
Successful
美国 Lemur-2 × 9 Spire Global Low Earth Earth observation First: 27 February 2017[22]
Last: 7 April 2017[23]
8 successful, 1 failed to deploy
Anomaly in the mixture ratio control valve assembly, causing the Atlas V booster engine to cut off five seconds early, resulting in a longer-than-usual Centaur orbital insertion burn.[18]
Cubesats deployed from the ISS and the Cygnus spacecraft at a later date.
24 March
09:42:00
俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1a 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 43/4 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2515 (Bars-M 2L) VKS Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
29 March
20:11:04
中国 Long March 3A 中国 Xichang LC-2 中国 CASC
中国 BeiDou IGSO-6 CNSA IGSO Navigation 在轨 Operational
31 March
16:23:57
俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1a 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Progress MS-02 / 63P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 14 October 2016
13:39
Successful
俄罗斯 Tomsk-TPU-120 Tomsk Polytechnic University Low Earth Technology demonstration 20 October 2019[25] Successful
Tomsk-TPU-120 is a CubeSat deployed into orbit from ISS by Russian astronauts spacewalk on 17 August 2017.[24]

April

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5 April
17:38:04
中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Shijian 10 CAS Low Earth Microgravity Science 18 April 2016
08:30
Successful
8 April
20:43:31
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-023 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
美国 SpaceX CRS-8 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 11 May 2016
18:31
Successful
美国 BEAM Bigelow Aerospace / NASA Low Earth (ISS) Technology demonstration / ISS Assembly 在轨 Operational
First stage landed successfully on drone ship Of Course I Still Love You for the first time, the second successful landing overall
25 April
21:02:13
俄罗斯 Soyuz-STA / Fregat 法國 Kourou ELS 法國 Arianespace
Sentinel-1B ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Spacecraft failure[26]
法國 MICROSCOPE CNES Low Earth (SSO) Astrophysics 在轨 Operational
丹麦 AAUSAT-4 Aalborg Low Earth (SSO) AIS ship tracking 8 September 2023[27] Successful
義大利 e-st@r-II Polytechnic University of Turin Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 9 May 2024[28] Successful
比利时 OUFTI-1 Liège Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 14 March 2024[29] Successful
28 April
02:01:21
俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1a / Volga 俄罗斯 Vostochny Site 1S 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Mikhailo Lomonosov MSU Low Earth (SSO) Gamma-ray astronomy 16 December 2023[30] Satellite malfunction
俄罗斯 Aist-2D SSAU Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 15 April 2024[31] Successful
俄罗斯 SamSat 218 SSAU Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 4 March 2022[32] Spacecraft failure
First orbital flight from Vostochny Cosmodrome.
28 April
07:20:00
印度 PSLV-XL C33 印度 Satish Dhawan FLP 印度 ISRO
印度 IRNSS-1G ISRO Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational

May

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6 May
05:21:00
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-024 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
日本 JCSAT-14 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
First stage landed on Of Course I Still Love You drone ship, the third successful landing and the first landing with a payload to geostationary transfer orbit.
15 May
02:43
中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Yaogan 30 CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
24 May
08:48:43
俄罗斯 Soyuz-STB / Fregat 法國 Kourou ELS 法國 Arianespace
Galileo FOC 10 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
Galileo FOC 11 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
27 May
21:39:00
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-025 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
泰国 Thaicom 8 Thaicom Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
First stage landed on Of Course I Still Love You drone ship, the fourth successful landing and the second landing with a payload to geostationary transfer orbit.
29 May
08:44:35
俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 43/4 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2516 (GLONASS-M 753) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Spacecraft failure
Kosmos 2516 experienced a depressurization event in November 2020, which permanently disabled the satellite after four years in operation. It was replaced by GLONASS-K 705.[33]
30 May
03:17:04
中国 Long March 4B 中国 Taiyuan LC-9 中国 CASC
中国 Ziyuan III-02 CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
阿根廷 ÑuSat-1/-2
(Aleph-1 constellation)[34]
Satellogic Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational

June

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4 June
14:00:13
俄罗斯 Rokot / Briz-KM 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 133/3 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2517 (Geo-IK-2 No.12) VKS Low Earth Geodesy 在轨 Operational
9 June
07:10:00
俄罗斯 Proton-M / Briz-M 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 81/24 俄罗斯 美国 International Launch Services
美国 Intelsat 31 / DLA-2 Intelsat / DirecTV Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
11 June
17:51:00
美国 Delta IV Heavy 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-37B 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-268 (Orion 9) NRO Geosynchronous Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
NROL-37 mission.
12 June
15:30:04
中国 Long March 3C/E 中国 Xichang LC-3 中国 CASC
中国 BeiDou G7 CNSA Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
15 June
14:29:00
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-026 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
法國 Eutelsat 117 West B Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
百慕大 ABS-2A ABS Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
Satellites were successfully delivered to orbit, first stage landing on drone ship failed.
18 June
21:38:39
法國 Ariane 5 ECA VA230 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
美国 EchoStar 18 EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
印度尼西亚 BRIsat BRI Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
22 June
03:56:00
印度 PSLV-XL C34 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 Cartosat-2C ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
德国 BIROS DLR Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
加拿大 GHGSat-D (Claire) GHGSat Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
印度尼西亚 LAPAN-A3 LAPAN Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
加拿大 M3MSat CSA Low Earth (SSO) Communications 在轨 Operational
美国 SkySat-C1 Terra Bella Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
德国 BeeSat 4 TU Berlin Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
美国 Flock-2p × 12 Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation First: 20 October 2022
Last: 28 March 2023[35]
Successful
印度 SathyabamaSat Sathyabama University Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
印度 Swayam College of Engineering, Pune Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
24 June
14:30:00
美国 Atlas V 551 AV-063 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 MUOS-5 US Navy GSO Communications 在轨 Operational in off-nominal but usable orbit[36]
25 June
12:00:07
中国 Long March 7 / YZ-1A Y1 中国 Wenchang LC-2 中国 CASC
中国 Next-generation crew capsule scale model CMSA Low Earth Technology demonstration
Flight test
26 June 2016
07:41
Successful
中国 Star of Aoxiang NPU Low Earth Technology demonstration 29 September 2016 Successful
中国 Aolong-1 CALT Low Earth Technology demonstration 27 August 2016 Successful
中国 Tiange-1 Low Earth Technology demonstration 27 August 2016 Successful
中国 Tiange-2 Low Earth Technology demonstration 24 August 2016 Successful
Maiden flight of the Long March 7 rocket and the first launch from the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.[37]
29 June
03:21:04
中国 Long March 4B 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Shijian 16-02 CNSA Low Earth Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational

July

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7 July
01:36:40
俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz MS-01 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 48/49 30 October 2016
03:58
Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. Maiden flight of the modernized Soyuz MS spacecraft variant.
16 July
21:41:45
俄罗斯 Soyuz-U 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Progress MS-03 / 64P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 1 February 2017
18:24
Successful
18 July
04:45:29
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-027 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
美国 SpaceX CRS-9 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 26 August
15:47
Successful
Delivering the IDA-2 segment of the NASA Docking System. Second successful return to launch site and vertical landing of a first stage, demonstrated as part of a controlled descent test.
28 July
12:37:00
美国 Atlas V 421 AV-065 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-269 (Quasar NROL-61) NRO Geosynchronous[38] Communications 在轨 Operational

August

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5 August
16:22:04
中国 Long March 3B 中国 Xichang LC-3 中国 CASC
中国 Tiantong-1 01 CAST Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
9 August
22:55:25
中国 Long March 4C 中国 Taiyuan LC-9 中国 CASC
中国 Gaofen-3 CAST Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
14 August
05:26:00
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust F9-028 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
日本 JCSAT-16 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
15 August
17:40:04
中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Quantum Experiments At Space Scale (QUESS)[39] CAS Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
中国 Lixing-1 CAS Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 19 August 2016[40] Spacecraft failure
西班牙 3Cat 2 UPC Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 18 December 2023[41] Successful
19 August
04:52:00
美国 Delta IV M+ (4,2) 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-37B 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 AFSPC 6 / USA-270 / GSSAP #3 US Air Force Geosynchronous Space surveillance 在轨 Operational
美国 AFSPC 6 / USA-271 / GSSAP #4 US Air Force Geosynchronous Space surveillance 在轨 Operational
24 August
22:16:01
法國 Ariane 5 ECA VA232 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
美国 Intelsat 33e Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational[42]
美国 Intelsat 36 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
31 August
18:50:00
中国 Long March 4C 中国 Taiyuan LC-9 中国 CASC
中国 Gaofen-10 CAST Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 31 August 2016 Launch failure

September

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3 September
07:00–09:00 (scheduled)[44]
美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
以色列 AMOS-6 Spacecom Planned: Geosynchronous Communications N/A Destroyed prior to launch[43]
Launch pad explosion destroyed both the rocket and the satellite two days prior to scheduled launch, on 2016年9月1日 13:07 (UTC) (2016-09-01T13:07Z).[43]
8 September
11:20:00
印度 GSLV Mk II F05 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 INSAT-3DR ISRO Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
8 September
23:05:00
美国 Atlas V 411 AV-067 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 OSIRIS-REx NASA Heliocentric Asteroid sample return 在轨 Operational
Reached asteroid Bennu in December 2018. Scheduled to return to Earth in September 2023.
13 September
14:38:00
以色列 Shavit-2 以色列 Palmachim 以色列 Israel Aerospace Industries
以色列 Ofeq 11 Israel Defense Forces Low Earth Reconnaissance 在轨 Satellite malfunction[45]
15 September
14:04:12
中国 Long March 2F/G T2 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-1 中国 CNSA
中国 Tiangong-2 CMSA Low Earth Space station 19 July 2019[46]
13:06
Successful
中国 BanXing 2 SAST Low Earth Technology demonstration 15 July 2019[47] Successful
Second Chinese space laboratory, BanXing 2 deployed 22 October
16 September
01:43:35
義大利 Vega 法國 Kourou ELV 法國 Arianespace
秘魯 PeruSat-1 Peruvian Armed Forces Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
美国 SkySat × 4 Terra Bella Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
26 September
03:42:00
印度 PSLV-G C35 印度 Satish Dhawan FLP 印度 ISRO
印度 ScatSat-1 ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 在轨 Successful[48]
阿尔及利亚 Alsat-1B Algerian Space Agency Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
阿尔及利亚 Alsat-2B Algerian Space Agency Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
美国 Blacksky Pathfinder-1 BlackSky Global Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
印度 Pratham IIT Bombay Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
印度 PISat PES University Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
阿尔及利亚 Alsat-1N Algerian Space Agency Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
加拿大 CanX-7 UTIAS Space Flight Laboratory Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 21 April 2022[49] Successful
Final launch of the original Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-G configuration with S9 solid rocket motors.

October

[编辑]
5 October
20:30
法國 Ariane 5 ECA VA231 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
澳大利亚 NBN-Co 1B / Sky Muster II NBN Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
印度 GSAT-18 ISRO Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
16 October
23:30
中国 Long March 2F Y11 中国 Jiuquan LA-4 / SLS-1 中国 CASC
中国 Shenzhou 11 CMSA Low Earth Docking with Tiangong-2 18 November 2016
06:15
Successful
Crewed flight with two astronauts[50]
17 October
23:45
美国 Antares 230 美国 MARS Pad 0A 美国 Orbital ATK
美国 Cygnus CRS OA-5 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 27 November 2016
23:36
Successful
美国 Lemur-2 × 4 Spire Global Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
CubeSats were deployed from the ISS and Cygnus spacecraft at a later date.
19 October
08:05
俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz MS-02 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 49/50 10 April 2017
11:20
Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts

November

[编辑]
2 November
06:20:00
日本 H-IIA 202 F31 日本 Tanegashima LA-Y1 日本 MHI
日本 Himawari 9 JMA Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
3 November
12:42
中国 Long March 5 中国 Wenchang LC-1 中国 CASC
中国 Shijian 17 CNSA Geosynchronous Technology demonstration / Space rendezvous 在轨 Operational
Maiden flight of the Long March 5 rocket. Chinese state media claims Shijian-17 is a test of electric propulsion, though this is disputed by outside analysts tracking the satellite's unusual space rendezvous movements.[51][52]
9 November
23:42[53]
中国 Long March 11 中国 Jiuquan LS-95A 中国 CASC
中国 XPNAV 1[54] CAS Low Earth (SSO) X-ray pulsar-based navigation 在轨 Operational
中国 Xiaoxiang 1[55] Changsha Gaoxinqu Tianyi Research Institute Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
中国 Lishui 1-01 Zhejiang LiTong Electronic Technology Co. Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
中国 Pina-2 × 2 Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
11 November
18:30
美国 Atlas V 401 AV-062 美国 Vandenberg SLC-3E 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 WorldView-4 DigitalGlobe Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 30 November 2021
05:20[57]
Spacecraft failure
美国 CELTEE 1 M42 Technologies Low Earth (SSO) Calibration 在轨 Operational
美国 Prometheus-2 × 2 LANL Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
美国 AeroCube 8 × 2 Aerospace Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 在轨 Operational
美国 OptiCube 4 NASA Orbital Debris Program Office Low Earth (SSO) Calibration 在轨 Operational
美国 RAVAN JHU/APL Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration / Earth observation 在轨 Operational
CubeSats deployed after WorldView-4 separation as part of NRO-sponsored ENTERPRISE mission. WorldView-4 experienced a failure in one of its control moment gyroscopes in January 2019, making the spacecraft unrecoverable.[56]
11 November
23:14
中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Yunhai-1 SAST Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
17 November
13:06:48
法國 Ariane 5 ES VA233 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
Galileo FOC 7 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
Galileo FOC 12 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
Galileo FOC 13 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
Galileo FOC 14 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
First Galileo launch with Ariane 5 (8th overall), carrying Antonianna, Lisa, Kimberley, and Tijmen.
17 November
20:20:14
俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz MS-03 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 50/51/52 2 June 2017 Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. Peggy Whitson's mission was prolonged over Expedition 52 until September 2017.
19 November
23:42:00
美国 Atlas V 541 AV-069 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 GOES-R (GOES-16) NASA / NOAA Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
22 November
15:24:04
中国 Long March 3C/E 中国 Xichang LC-2 中国 CASC
中国 Tianlian I-04 CNSA Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational

December

[编辑]
1 December
14:52
俄罗斯 Soyuz-U 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Progress MS-04 / 65P Roscosmos Planned: Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 1 December Launch failure
5 December
13:51:44
義大利 Vega 法國 Kourou ELV 法國 Arianespace
土耳其 Göktürk-1 Turkish Armed Forces Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
7 December
04:54
印度 PSLV-XL C36 印度 Satish Dhawan FLP 印度 ISRO
印度 Resourcesat-2A ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Remote sensing 在轨 Operational
7 December
23:53
美国 Delta IV M+ (5,4) 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-37B 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-272 / WGS-8 US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
9 December
13:26:47
日本 H-IIB F6 日本 Tanegashima LA-Y2 日本 MHI
日本 HTV-6 JAXA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 5 February 2017
15:06
Successful
日本 EGG UTokyo Low Earth Technology demonstration / Re-entry Demonstration 15 May 2017[63] Successful
義大利 TuPOD GAUSS Srl Low Earth TubeSat Deployment / Amateur radio 8 September 2017[64] Successful
新加坡/日本 AOBA-VELOX 3 NTU / Kyutech Low Earth Technology demonstration 1 November 2018[65] Successful
日本 STARS C Kagawa University Low Earth Technology demonstration 3 March 2018[66] Successful
日本 FREEDOM Nakashimada Engineering Works / Tohoku University Low Earth Technology demonstration 5 February 2017[67] Successful
日本 ITF-2 University of Tsukuba Low Earth Technology demonstration 3 January 2019[68] Successful
日本 Waseda-SAT 3 Waseda University Low Earth Technology demonstration 6 October 2018[69] Successful
美国 OSNSAT Open Space Network Low Earth Technology demonstration 11 January 2018[70] Successful
巴西 Tancredo-1 Escola Municipal Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves/INPE Low Earth Technology demonstration 18 October 2017[71] Successful
美国 TechEdSat 5 SJSU/UI Low Earth Technology demonstration 29 July 2017[72] Successful
美国 Lemur-2 × 4 Spire Global Low Earth AIS First: 15 April 2018[73]
Last: 5 December 2018[74]
Successful
CubeSats to be deployed at a later date. Tancredo-1 and OSNSAT are carried inside TuPOD and to be deployed from it. STARS-C was deployed on 19 December 2016. ITF-2, WASEDA-SAT3, FREEDOM, EGG, AOBA-Velox III, and TuPOD were deployed on 16 January 2017.[58] Tancredo-1 and OSNSAT were released from TuPOD on 19 January 2017.[59] Lemur-2 and TechEdSat-5 were deployed on 6–7 March 2017.[60][61][62]
10 December
16:11:00
中国 Long March 3B 中国 Xichang LC-3 中国 CASC
中国 Fengyun 4A CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
15 December
13:37:21
美国 Pegasus-XL 美国 Stargazer, Cape Canaveral 美国 Orbital ATK
美国 CYGNSS × 8 NASA Low Earth Meteorology 在轨 Operational
18 December
19:13
美国 Atlas V 431 AV-071 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 EchoStar 19 HughesNet Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
20 December
11:00
日本 Epsilon Epsilon-2[75] 日本 Uchinoura 日本 JAXA
日本 Arase (ERG) JAXA Medium Earth (elliptical) Magnetospherics 在轨 Operational
21 December
19:22
中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 TanSat[76] CAS Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
中国 Spark × 2 CAS Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
21 December
20:30
法國 Ariane 5 ECA VA234 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
巴西 Star One D1 Star One Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
日本 JCSAT-15 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
28 December
03:23:56
中国 Long March 2D 中国 Taiyuan 中国 CASC
中国 SuperView / Gaojing-1 01 Beijing Space View Technology Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Partial launch failure;
Operational
中国 SuperView / Gaojing-1 02 Beijing Space View Technology Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Partial launch failure;
Operational
中国 Bayi Kepu 1 China Association for Science and Technology Low Earth (SSO) Technology demonstration 18 February 2017[78] Partial launch failure;
Successful
Launch vehicle problem deployed satellites in a lower than planned orbit. SuperView satellites raising their own orbits, but CubeSats cannot so may have short lifespan.[77]

亚轨道飞行

[编辑]
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯
发射时间 (UTC) 运载火箭 火箭编号 发射场 发射服务提供商英语List of launch service providers
有效载荷
(⚀ = 立方星)
载荷用户 轨道 功能 再入时间 (UTC) 结果
附注
15 January
03:00:00
日本 S-310 日本 Uchinoura 日本 JAXA
日本 TPU / Tohoku University / Tokai University / KU / JAXA Suborbital Ionospheric research 15 January Successful
Apogee: 161公里(100英里)[79]
22 January 美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 22 January Successful
Apogee: 101.7公里(63.2英里)[80]
23 January
08:30
巴西 VSB-30 瑞典 Esrange 欧洲联盟 EuroLaunch
德国 / TEXUS-53 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity 23 January Successful
Apogee: 252公里(157英里)
28 January 美国 SRALT? 美国 C-17, Pacific Ocean 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital ABM target 28 January Successful
Apogee: 300公里(190英里), CTV-02+ target
28 January 美国 Ground Based Interceptor 美国 Vandenberg LF-23 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital ABM test 28 January Successful
CTV-02+, successful test flight, the CE-II kill vehicle performed scripted maneuvers to demonstrate performance of alternate divert thrusters. Upon entering terminal phase, the kill vehicle initiated a planned burn sequence to evaluate the alternate divert thrusters until fuel was exhausted, intentionally precluding an intercept.
2 February
21:09
巴西 VS-30 瑞典 Esrange 瑞典 SSC
瑞典 SPIDER/LEEWAVES SSC Suborbital Technology 2 February Successful
Apogee: 138公里(86英里)
21 February
07:34
美国 LGM-30G Minuteman III 美国 Vandenberg LF-09 美国 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 21 February Successful
GT217GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里(810英里) ?
22 February
04:15
加拿大 Black Brant IX 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
美国 CHESS-2 LASP Suborbital Astronomy 22 February Successful
Apogee: 309公里(192英里)
26 February
07:01
美国 LGM-30G Minuteman III 美国 Vandenberg LF-10 美国 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 26 February Successful
GT218GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里(810英里) ?
1 March
14:50
美国 Terrier Malemute 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 MUSIC West Virginia University Suborbital Technology experiments 1 March Successful
Apogee: ~185 kilometers (115 mi)[81]
7 March
12:05
美国 Terrier Orion 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 SOAREX-9 NASA Ames Suborbital Technology experiment 7 March Successful
美国 RadPC Montana State University Suborbital Technology experiment 7 March Successful
美国 VIP Controlled Dynamics Suborbital Technology experiment 7 March Successful
Apogee: ~159 kilometers (99 mi)
7 March 印度 K-4 印度 Visakhapatnam 印度 Indian Navy
Indian Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 March Successful
Apogee: 500 km?
8 March 伊朗Shahab-3 伊朗Iran 伊朗IRGC
IRGC Suborbital Missile test 8 March Successful
Apogee: ~150公里(93英里)
14 March 印度 Agni-I 印度 Integrated Test Range 印度 IDRDL
IDRDL Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
Apogee: ~500公里(310英里)?
14 March 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国 Submarine, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52
15 March 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国 Submarine, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 15 March Successful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52
16 March 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国 Submarine, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 16 March Successful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52
31 March 印度 K-4 印度 INS Arihant 印度 Indian Navy
Indian Navy Suborbital Missile test 31 March Successful
First K-4 launch from a submarine[82]
2 April
15:18
美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 2 April Successful
美国 BORE Southwest Research Institute Suborbital Microgravity experiment 2 April Successful
美国 COLLIDE University of Central Florida Suborbital Microgravity experiment 2 April Successful
Apogee: 103.8 kilometers (64.5 mi). Third successful booster landing of the same rocket.[83]
19 April
06:41
俄罗斯 UR-100NU 俄罗斯 Yasniy 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 19 April Successful
Yu-71 Hypersonic Vehicle Test, Apogee: 1,000公里(620英里)?
26 April
17:00
中华人民共和国 Tianying 3F 中华人民共和国 Hainan 中华人民共和国 CNSA
中华人民共和国 Kunpeng-1B CSSAR Suborbital Environment monitoring 26 April Successful
Apogee: 316公里(196英里)
18 May
00:45
巴西美国 VS-30/Improved Orion 澳大利亚 Woomera Test Range 澳大利亚 DSTO
澳大利亚 HiFire-5B DSTO Suborbital Technology 18 May Successful
Apogee: 278公里(173英里)
18 May
07:02
美国 MRBM-T3 美国 Kauai 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital Radar target 18 May Successful
Medium Range Ballistic Missile Target, Aegis radar target FTX-21, apogee: 300公里(190英里)?
25 May 美国 RIM-161 Standard Missile 3-IB 美国“Hopper”号DDG-70 (6), Kauai 美国US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight 25 May Successful
Apogee: 100公里(62英里)?
26 May 美国 RIM-161 Standard Missile 3-IB 美国“Hopper”号DDG-70 (6), Kauai 美国US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight 26 May Successful
Apogee: 100公里(62英里)?
1 June
19:00
加拿大 Black Brant IX 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
美国 EVE CU Boulder Suborbital SDO calibration 1 June Successful
Apogee: 290公里(180英里)
19 June
14:35
美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 19 June Successful
美国 Capillary Flow Experiment Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Suborbital Microgravity experiment 19 June Successful
美国 EITIC Louisiana State University Suborbital Microgravity experiment 19 June Successful
德国 MEDEA Braunschweig University of Technology Suborbital Microgravity experiment 19 June Successful
Apogee: 101 kilometers (62.8 mi). Fourth successful booster landing of the same rocket.
21 June[84]
23:03
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwasong-10 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Wonsan Airport 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force Suborbital Missile test 21 June Successful
Apogee: 1,400公里(870英里).
24 June
10:06
美国 Terrier Improved Orion 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 RockOn/RockSat-C CU Boulder Suborbital Student experiments 24 June Successful
Apogee: ~119公里(74英里)
30 June
09:43
美国 Improved Malemute 挪威 Andøya 挪威 Andøya
挪威 MaxiDusty 1 Oslo/Andøya Suborbital Atmospheric Science 30 June Successful
Apogee: 115公里(71英里)
? June 美国UGM-133 Trident II D5 英国“Vengeance”号S31 (6) 英国 Royal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test ? June Launch failure
1 July
07:18
法國 M51 法國 Le Triomphant, Audierne Bay 法國 DGA/Marine nationale
DGA/Marine nationale Suborbital Test flight 1 July Successful
Apogee: 1,000公里(620英里)?
8 July
13:01
美国 Improved Malemute 挪威 Andøya 挪威 Andøya
挪威 MaxiDusty 1b Oslo/Andøya Suborbital Atmospheric Science 8 July Successful
Apogee: 117公里(73英里)
11 July 伊朗 Khorramshahr 伊朗 Semnan 伊朗 AFIRI
AFIRI Suborbital Missile test 11 July Launch failure
19 July
04:05
美国 Terrier Improved Orion 瑞典 Esrange 德国 DLR
德国 ROTEX-T DLR Suborbital Technology 19 July Successful
Apogee: 182公里(113英里)
27 July
18:26
加拿大 Black Brant IX 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
美国 Hi-C NASA/MSFC Suborbital Solar research 27 July Spacecraft failure
Apogee: 250公里(160英里)
17 August
11:33
美国 Terrier-Improved Malemute 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 Rocksat-X University of Colorado Boulder Suborbital Student Research 17 August Successful
Apogee: ~153公里(95英里)
23 August[84]
20:29
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Pukguksong-1 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Sinpo Shipyard 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force Suborbital Missile test 23 August Successful
Apogee: about 550公里(340英里), according to South Korean military.
25 August 俄罗斯 RS-24 Yars? 俄罗斯 Plesetsk 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 25 August Launch failure
31 August 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国“Maryland”号SSBN-738 (6), ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 31 August Successful
5 September[84]
03:13
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwasong-9 (Scud-ER) 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwangju 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force Suborbital Missile test 5 September Successful
Apogee: about 200公里(120英里).[85] 1 of 3.
5 September[84]
03:13
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwasong-9 (Scud-ER) 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwangju 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force Suborbital Missile test 5 September Successful
Apogee: about 200公里(120英里).[85] 2 of 3.
5 September[84]
03:13
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwasong-9 (Scud-ER) 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Hwangju 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Korean People's Army Strategic Force Suborbital Missile test 5 September Successful
Apogee: about 200公里(120英里).[85] 3 of 3.
5 September
09:10
美国 LGM-30G Minuteman III 美国 Vandenberg LF-04 美国 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 5 September Successful
GT219GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里(810英里) ?
9 September 俄罗斯 RS-12M Topol 俄罗斯 Plesetsk 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 9 September Successful
27 September 俄罗斯 RSM-56 Bulava 俄罗斯 K-535 Yury Dolgorukiy, White Sea 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 27 September Successful
27 September 俄罗斯 RSM-56 Bulava 俄罗斯 K-535 Yury Dolgorukiy, White Sea 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 27 September Launch failure?
The second missile self destroyed "after completing the first phase of the flight", maybe intentional. It appears to be a normal practice in salvo launches. The missile probably carried mockups instead of working upper stages and warheads to save money.
5 October
15:37
美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 5 October Successful
In-flight escape test 45 seconds after launch. Booster unexpectedly survived and reached an apogee of 93.7公里(58.2英里) before completing its fifth successful landing.
12 October 俄罗斯 R-29R Volna 俄罗斯 K-433 Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets, Sea of Okhotsk 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
12 October 俄罗斯 R-29RMU Sineva 俄罗斯 K-407 Novomoskovsk, Barents Sea 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
12 October 俄罗斯 RS-12M Topol 俄罗斯 Plesetsk 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
25 October
08:58
俄罗斯 UR-100NU 俄罗斯 Yasniy 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 25 October Successful
Yu-71 Hypersonic Vehicle Test, Apogee: 1,000公里(620英里)?
22 November 印度 Agni-I 印度 Integrated Test Range 印度 IDRDL
IDRDL Suborbital Missile test 22 November Successful
Apogee: ~500公里(310英里)?
6 December 伊朗Shahab-3 伊朗Iran 伊朗IRGC
IRGC Suborbital Missile test 6 December Successful
Apogee: ~150公里(93英里)
8 December 中华人民共和国 B-611? 中华人民共和国 Shuangchengzi 中华人民共和国PLA
PLA Suborbital ABM target 8 December Successful
Target
8 December 中华人民共和国 SC-19 中华人民共和国 Korla 中华人民共和国 PLA
PLA Suborbital ABM test 8 December Successful
Interceptor
15 December 美国 MRBM FTM-27 美国 Kauai 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital ABM target 15 December Successful
FTM-27 target, successfully intercepted by two SM-6 missiles in low altitude
15 December
16:15
美国 Zombie (ATACMS) Zombie Pathfinder 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
US Army Suborbital Test flight 15 December Successful
Apogee: 80公里(50英里)?
26 December
05:35
印度 Agni V 印度 Integrated Test Range Launch Complex IV 印度 DRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test 26 December Successful
Apogee: ~800公里(500英里)

深空机动

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯
日期 (UTC) 航天器 事件 备注
14 January Mars Express Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 53公里(33英里).[86]
15 January[87] Cassini 116th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 3,817公里(2,372英里).
31 January Cassini 117th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,400公里(870英里).
16 February Cassini 118th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,018公里(633英里).
4 April Cassini 119th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 990 kilometres (615 mi).
6 May Cassini 120th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 971公里(603英里).
7 June Cassini 121st flyby of Titan Closest approach: 975公里(606英里).
4 July[88] Juno Orbit injection around Jupiter (jovicentric) First solar-powered Jovian probe, second orbiter.
4 July Mars Express Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 350公里(220英里).
25 July Cassini 122nd flyby of Titan Closest approach: 976公里(606英里).
10 August Cassini 123rd flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,599公里(994英里).
27 August Juno 1st perijove of Jupiter Closest approach: 2,600公里(1,600英里).[89]
26 September Cassini 124th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,737公里(1,079英里).
30 September Rosetta Landing on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Probe was programmed to deactivate its thrusters and radio transmissions after landing.
19 October Trace Gas Orbiter (ExoMars 2016) Orbit injection around Mars (areocentric)
19 October Schiaparelli (ExoMars 2016) Landing on Mars, Meridiani Planum Probe entered Martian atmosphere intact, but contact was lost 50 seconds before expected landing.[90] NASA's MRO later identified the Schiaparelli crash site at coordinates 2°03′S 6°14′W / 2.05°S 6.24°W / -2.05; -6.24, confirming the loss of the lander.[91]
19 October Juno 2nd perijove Period Reduction Maneuver[92] originally planned, but delayed due to valve issues.[93] The maneuver was later cancelled entirely in favor of remaining in a 53-day orbit.[94]
13 November Cassini 125th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,582公里(983英里).
16 November Mars Express Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 127公里(79英里).
29 November Cassini 126th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 3,223公里(2,003英里).
11 December Juno 3rd perijove

舱外活动

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯
开始时间 持续时间 结束时间 航天器 乘组 备注
15 January
13:48
4 hours 43 minutes 18:31 Expedition 46
ISS Quest
Replaced a failed voltage regulator responsible for shutting down one of the station's eight power channels in November 2015, and routed cables in support of the installation of the International Docking Adaptor. EVA terminated two hours early due to water leakage in Kopra's helmet, but the primary task was accomplished.[95]
3 February
12:55
4 hours 45 minutes 17:40 Expedition 46
ISS Pirs
Deployed a commemorative flash drive, took samples of module exteriors, installed handrails for use in future EVAs, retrieved an astrobiology experiment, deployed a materials science experiment, and tested a tool for applying coatings to module exteriors.[96]
19 August
12:04
5 hours 58 minutes 18:02 Expedition 48
ISS Quest
The astronauts installed the International Docking Adapter (IDA) which was delivered by Dragon CRS-9, allowing future commercial crew spacecraft to dock with the station. This first IDA was attached to Harmony's forward port, over the existing Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA).[97][98] The EVA terminated after completing the primary objective, without completing the secondary objectives, due to a malfunction of the right earphone of Jeff Williams.
1 September
11:53
6 hours 48 minutes 18:41 Expedition 48
ISS Quest
The crew retracted a thermal radiator which is a backup, and then installed the first pair of several high-definition cameras to monitor the traffic around the station. Then they have performed some maintenance operations.[99]

空间碎片事件

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发生时间(UTC 碎片源 事件类型 追踪碎片数 备注
3月26日01:42[100] 卫星解体 10[101] 在早期调试阶段,日本宇宙航空研究开发机构与刚发射的“瞳”望远镜失去了通信。与此同时,联合太空指挥中心观测到5块、随后是10块碎片从“瞳”脱落,其中一块碎片的雷达信号显示其大小与主航天器相当。[102]“瞳”陷入翻滚并发出短暂而断断续续的通讯。此次翻滚是由于惯性参考装置故障,错误地报告航天器正在旋转而引起的。当姿态控制系统试图纠正不存在的旋转时,不必要的修正本身被认为是造成后续故障的原因,最终导致航天器于4月28日坠毁。[103][104]

命运弄人,与“瞳”一起飞行的次要有效载荷之一是中部卫星3号,这是一颗专门用于监测全球变暖效应和太空垃圾的微型卫星。[105]

6月1日09:20[106] SL-12R/B(#33473) 助推器解体 20+[106] 2008年12月发射的俄罗斯质子-M火箭的一个沉底发动机因不明原因爆炸。[107]

轨道发射统计

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按国家(区域)

[编辑]

就本章节的主旨而言,每次航天飞行所属的国家以火箭的原产国为准,而不是发射服务提供商或发射场所在国。例如,西欧阿丽亚娜空间公司在南美洲圭亚那航天中心发射的联盟号火箭应视作俄罗斯的发射,因为联盟2号是俄罗斯火箭。

中国: 22法国: 7意大利: 2印度: 7以色列: 1日本: 4朝鲜: 1俄罗斯: 19美国: 22
  •   中国: 22
  •   法国: 7
  •   意大利: 2
  •   印度: 7
  •   以色列: 1
  •   日本: 4
  •   朝鲜: 1
  •   俄罗斯: 19
  •   美国: 22
国家(区域) 发射数 成功数 失败数 部分失败数
备注
 中国 22 20 1 1
 法國 7 7 0 0
 義大利 2 2 0 0
 印度 7 7 0 0
 以色列 1 1 0 0
 日本 4 4 0 0
 朝鲜 1 1 0 0
 俄羅斯 19 18 1 0 包括阿丽亚娜空间公司圭亚那航天中心发射的2次欧洲联盟号火箭
 美国 22 22 0 0 另有1次发射前失败(猎鹰9号AMOS6卫星任务)
总计 85 82 2 1

按火箭

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯

By family

[编辑]

By type

[编辑]

By configuration

[编辑]

按发射场

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯
5
10
15
20
25
30
China
France
India
Israel
Japan
Kazakhstan
North Korea
Russia
United States
Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Baikonur  哈萨克斯坦 11 10 1 0
Cape Canaveral  美国 18 18 0 0 1 Pre-launch failure
Jiuquan  中国 9 9 0 0
Kourou  法國 11 11 0 0
MARS  美国 1 1 0 0
Palmachim  以色列 1 1 0 0
Plesetsk  俄羅斯 5 5 0 0
Satish Dhawan  印度 7 7 0 0
Sohae  朝鲜 1 1 0 0
Taiyuan  中国 4 2 1 1
Tanegashima  日本 3 3 0 0
Uchinoura  日本 1 1 0 0
Vandenberg  美国 3 3 0 0
Vostochny  俄羅斯 1 1 0 0 First launch
Wenchang  中国 2 2 0 0 First launch
Xichang  中国 7 7 0 0
Total 85 82 2 1

按轨道

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已隱藏部分未翻譯内容,歡迎參與翻譯
  •   Transatmospheric
  •   Low Earth
  •   Low Earth (ISS)
  •   Low Earth (SSO)
  •   Low Earth (retrograde)
  •   Medium Earth
  •   Geosychronous
    (transfer)
  •   Inclined GSO
  •   High Earth
  •   Heliocentric
Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved
Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 43 42 2 0 Including 11 to ISS (+1 failed), 1 to Tiangong-2
Geosynchronous / transfer 32 32 0 0
Medium Earth 8 8 0 0
High Earth 0 0 0 0
Heliocentric orbit 2 2 0 0 Including planetary transfer orbits
Total 85 83 2 0

参考

[编辑]
  1. 中国国家航天局
  2. 中国探月网
  3. Encyclopedia Astronautica
  4. Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches
  5. 日本宇宙航空研究開發機構
  6. Jonathan's Space Report(SatCat.txt与Launchlog.txt两项)
  7. Mission Set Database (NASA GFC)
  8. NASA
  9. NASA SpaceFlight.com
  10. Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs
  11. Space Calander (NASA JPL)
  12. Southwest Space Archive
  13. SPACE.com Launch Forecast
  14. SpaceFlightNow
  15. Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive
  16. U.S. Space Objects Registry

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