2014年航天活动列表
| 轨道发射 | |
|---|---|
| 首次 | 1月5日 | 
| 末次 | 12月31日 | 
| 总计 | 92 | 
| 成功 | 88 | 
| 失败 | 2 | 
| 部分失败 | 2 | 
| 标识符 | 90 | 
| 各国的首次 | |
| 卫星 | |
| 火箭 | |
| 处女航 | |
| 退役 | 安塔瑞斯120型、130型 | 
| 载人航天 | |
| 轨道飞行次数 | 4 | 
| 载人航天人数合计 | 12 | 
| 舱外活动次数 | 7 | 
2014年,共有安加拉A5、安塔瑞斯120型、130型和长三丙改进二型等运载火箭完成首飞。
2014年共尝试了92次轨道发射,其中88次成功,两次部分成功,两次失败。本年度还完成了七次国际空间站宇航员舱外活动。今年大部分轨道发射是由俄罗斯、美国和中国进行的,分别进行了34次、23次和16次发射。
概述
[编辑]阿丽亚娜5ES运载火箭发射了“乔治·勒梅特”号自動運載飛船(ATV),这是该系列火箭中的最后一枚火箭,这也标志着阿丽亚娜5的连续60次成功发射。
2014年8月22日,阿丽亚娜空间公司为欧洲卫星导航系统发射了首两颗具有完全运行能力的伽利略卫星。
2014年行星探索领域发生了许多重大事件,包括2014年8月“罗塞塔”号航天器进入丘留莫夫-格拉西缅科彗星轨道,以及11月“菲莱”号着陆器被部署到彗星表面,这标志着人类首次绕彗星飞行并登陆彗星,这两件事在社交媒体上引起了广泛关注。此外,2013年底发射的嫦娥三号着陆器和玉兔号月球车继续在月球开展任务,虽然玉兔号在1月25日失去移动能力,但它继续进行了科学探测。另一个值得注意的事件是印度的火星轨道器于9月进入火星轨道,使印度成为第一个到达火星的亚洲国家。作为嫦娥五号的技术验证任务,中国于10月发射了嫦娥五号再入返回飞行试验器,并于11月1日成功将其返回舱回收。
载人航天方面,本年度所有四次发射任务均由联盟-FG型运载火箭和联盟TMA-M飞船完成,即联盟TMA-12M、联盟TMA-13M、联盟TMA-14M和联盟TMA-15M;所有七次舱外活动均在国际空间站进行。
2014年12月5日,联合发射联盟德尔塔IV重型火箭为美国国家航空航天局发射了首个猎户座飞船测试任务,即探索飞行测试1号。
轨道发射
[编辑]亚轨道发射
[编辑]| 发射时间 (UTC) | 运载火箭 | 火箭编号 | 发射场 | 发射服务提供商 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 有效载荷 (⚀ = 立方星)  | 
载荷用户 | 轨道 | 功能 | 再入时间 (UTC) | 结果 | ||
| 附注 | |||||||
| 3 January | |||||||
| IAI / IDF | Suborbital | ABM Test | 3 January | Successful | |||
| Second flight test of the Arrow-III | |||||||
| 7 January | |||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~100公里(62英里) | |||||||
| 15 January 09:09  | 
|||||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Classified | 15 January | Successful | |||
| FTX-18 target, apogee: ~130公里(81英里)? | |||||||
| 15 January 09:09  | 
|||||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Classified | 15 January | Successful | |||
| FTX-18 target, apogee: ~130公里(81英里)? | |||||||
| 15 January 09:09  | 
|||||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Classified | 15 January | Successful | |||
| FTX-18 target, apogee: ~130公里(81英里)? | |||||||
| 20 January 05:22  | 
|||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile Test | 20 January | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~850公里(530英里) | |||||||
| 3 March 11:09  | 
|||||||
| SwRI | Suborbital | Auroral research | 3 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 335公里(208英里) | |||||||
| 3 March[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150公里(93英里). | |||||||
| 4 March 18:10  | 
|||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 March | Successful | |||
| 24 March | |||||||
| Indian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 March | Successful | |||
| First launch of the new Indian K-4 SLBM[19] | |||||||
| 26 March 13:34  | 
Sounding Rocket IX | ||||||
| NSPO/NCU | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 26 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 286 km(178 mi) | |||||||
| 26 March 22:25  | 
|||||||
| Roshydromet | Suborbital | Meteorology Test flight  | 
26 March | Launch failure | |||
| Apogee: 300公里(190英里), rocket failed and landed near a village in an unplanned area of western Kazakhstan. | |||||||
| 26 March[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150公里(93英里). 1 of 2. | |||||||
| 26 March[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 March | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150公里(93英里). 2 of 2. | |||||||
| 11 April 23:10  | 
|||||||
| IDRDL | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 April | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~500公里(310英里)? | |||||||
| 14 April 06:40  | 
|||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 April | Successful | |||
| 22 April | |||||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 April | Successful | |||
| 27 April 03:37  | 
|||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Target | 27 April | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150公里(93英里)Target for ABM test, successfully intercepted | |||||||
| 27 April 03:40  | 
|||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Interceptor | 27 April | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 120公里(75英里), successful intercept | |||||||
| 3 May 08:00  | 
|||||||
| University of Arizona | Suborbital | Astronomy | 3 May | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 278公里(173英里) | |||||||
| 8 May | |||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May | |||||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May | |||||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 8 May | |||||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
| 20 May 17:08  | 
|||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 May | Successful | |||
| 21 May 05:35  | 
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | ABM test | 21 May | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Aegis Ashore Controlled Test Vehicle (AA CTV-01) | |||||||
| 24 May | |||||||
| CU Boulder | Suborbital | Astronomy | 24 May | Successful | |||
| 2 June | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 2 June | Successful | |||
| Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test ? | |||||||
| 2 June | |||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 2 June | Successful | |||
| Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test ? | |||||||
| 22 June 18:49  | 
FTG-06b | ||||||
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 22 June | Successful | |||
| 22 June 18:55  | 
FTG-06b | ||||||
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 22 June | Successful | |||
| FTG-06b interceptor, successful intercept | |||||||
| 26 June 11:21  | 
|||||||
| CU Boulder | Suborbital | Student experiments | 26 June | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~118公里(73英里) | |||||||
| 29 June[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 June | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150公里(93英里). 1 of 2. | |||||||
| 29 June[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 June | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 150公里(93英里). 2 of 2. | |||||||
| 2 July 08:36  | 
|||||||
| NASA WFF | Suborbital | Student experiments | 2 July | Launch failure | |||
| Second stage failure after 19 seconds of flight | |||||||
| 9 July 12:00:00  | 
|||||||
| VKO | Suborbital | Test flight | 9 July | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Angara rocket family | |||||||
| 9 July[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100公里(62英里). 1 of 2. | |||||||
| 9 July[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 100公里(62英里). 2 of 2. | |||||||
| 13 July[18] | |||||||
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 120公里(75英里). | |||||||
| 14 July | |||||||
| CSXT | Suborbital | Test spacecraft | 14 July | Successful | |||
| Second GoFast amateur space launch (apogee: 117 km)[20] | |||||||
| 22 July 19:10  | 
|||||||
| USC | Suborbital | Solar | 22 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 320公里(200英里) | |||||||
| 23 July | |||||||
| PLA | Suborbital | ABM target | 23 July | Successful | |||
| Target | |||||||
| 23 July | |||||||
| PLA | Suborbital | ABM test | 23 July | Successful | |||
| Interceptor, successful intercept | |||||||
| 4 August 14:00:00[21][22]  | 
|||||||
| University of Tokyo / JAXA / Waseda | Suborbital | Microgravity | 4 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 117公里(73英里) | |||||||
| 17 August 10:10:00[23]  | 
|||||||
| University of Tokyo / Hokkaido University / Tohoku University / TPU / Tokai / JAXA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 17 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 243公里(151英里) | |||||||
| 23 August 13:13  | 
|||||||
| DoD | Suborbital | Radar target | 23 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~150公里(93英里)? | |||||||
| 25 August 08:25  | 
|||||||
| US Army | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 25 August | Launch failure | |||
| Launch vehicle went off course and was destroyed four seconds after launch | |||||||
| 28 August 09:00  | 
|||||||
| NASA WFF | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 28 August | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~350公里(220英里) | |||||||
| 2 September 02:02  | 
|||||||
| INPE | Suborbital | Test | 2 September | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 130公里(81英里)? | |||||||
| 9 September | |||||||
| Israeli Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 9 September | Successful | |||
| Arrow-2 target, intercept failed, Apogee: ~100公里(62英里)? | |||||||
| 10 September | |||||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 September | Successful | |||
| 11 September 05:41  | 
|||||||
| IDRDL | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 September | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~500公里(310英里)? | |||||||
| 22 September 13:00  | 
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 22 September 13:00  | 
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 22 September 13:00  | 
|||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 23 September 14:45  | 
|||||||
| US Air Force | Suborbital | Test flight | 23 September | Successful | |||
| GT211GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里(810英里) ? | |||||||
| 30 September | |||||||
| NRL | Suborbital | Solar | 30 September | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 290公里(180英里) | |||||||
| 7 October 13:10  | 
Sounding Rocket X | ||||||
| NSPO | Suborbital | Ionospheric research | 7 October | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 286 km(178 mi) | |||||||
| 12 October 04:27  | 
|||||||
| DoD | Suborbital | Radar target | 12 October | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~150公里(93英里)? | |||||||
| 17 October 07:08  | 
|||||||
| MDA | Suborbital | Radar target | 17 October | Successful | |||
| Medium Range Ballistic Missile Target, Aegis radar target FTX-20 | |||||||
| 23 October 13:33  | 
|||||||
| NASA | Suborbital | Four technology experiments | 23 October | Successful | |||
| Mission SL-9, Apogee: 124公里(77英里), successfully recovered | |||||||
| 29 October 17:27:00  | 
|||||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 October | Successful | |||
| 1 November 06:20  | 
|||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | |||
| 5 November | |||||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 November | Successful | |||
| 6 November 19:07  | 
|||||||
| SwRI | Suborbital | Solar | 6 November | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 300公里(190英里) | |||||||
| 6 November 22:03  | 
FTM-25 | ||||||
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 6 November | Successful | |||
| SM-3 Block 1B target | |||||||
| 6 November 22:06  | 
FTM-25 | ||||||
| US Navy | Suborbital | ABM test | 6 November | Successful | |||
| FTM-25 interceptor, successful intercept | |||||||
| 9 November 04:10  | 
|||||||
| Indian Army/DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 November | Successful | |||
| 13 November | |||||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 November | Successful | |||
| 14 November | |||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 November | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~100公里(62英里) | |||||||
| 14 November | |||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Target | 14 November | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~100公里(62英里) | |||||||
| 17 November | |||||||
| ASFC | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 November | Successful | |||
| 24 November 08:05  | 
|||||||
| UAF | Suborbital | Geospace | 24 November | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 486公里(302英里) | |||||||
| 28 November | |||||||
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 November | Successful | |||
| 2 December 04:49  | 
|||||||
| DRDO | Suborbital | Missile Test | 2 December | Successful | |||
| Apogee: ~850公里(530英里)? | |||||||
| 11 December 19:11  | 
|||||||
| UC Berkeley | Suborbital | Solar research | 11 December | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 338公里(210英里) | |||||||
| 16 December | |||||||
| Israeli Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 December | Successful | |||
| Arrow-3 target, launch of Interceptor was scrubbed, Apogee: ~100公里(62英里)? | |||||||
| 17 December | |||||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 December | Successful | |||
| 17 December | |||||||
| DOD | Suborbital | Test flight | 17 December | Successful | |||
| First launch of a Taurion missile, a special low performing vehicle configuration for the development of the Sprint target vehicle | |||||||
| 18 December 04:00:00  | 
|||||||
| ISRO | Suborbital | Test flight | 18 December | Successful | |||
| First flight of LVM3 (earlier called GSLV Mk III). Sub-orbital test flight with dummy upper stage and ISRO Orbital Vehicle boilerplate [24] Apogee: 125.5 km  | |||||||
| 26 December 08:02  | 
|||||||
| RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 December | Successful | |||
深空机动
[编辑]| 日期 (UTC) | 航天器 | 事件 | 备注 | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 January | Cassini | 98th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,400公里(870英里). | 
| 2 February | Cassini | 99th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,236公里(768英里). | 
| 6 March | Cassini | 100th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,500公里(930英里). | 
| 7 April | Cassini | 101st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 963公里(598英里). | 
| 17 May | Cassini | 102nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 2,994公里(1,860英里). | 
| 18 June | Cassini | 103rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,659公里(2,274英里). | 
| 20 July | Cassini | 104th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 5,103公里(3,171英里). | 
| 6 August | Rosetta | Enters orbit of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko | First artificial satellite of a comet. Initial orbit was 100公里(62英里)high and was reduced to 30公里(19英里) until 10 September. | 
| 10 August | ISEE-3/ICE | flyby of Earth and Moon | Closest approach Earth: 178,400公里(110,900英里), closest approach Moon: 15,938公里(9,903英里). | 
| 21 August | Cassini | 105th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 964公里(599英里). | 
| 21 September | Cassini | 106th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,400公里(870英里). | 
| 22 September | MAVEN | Areocentric orbit injection | Preliminary orbit was 380公里(240英里) x 44,600公里(27,700英里), inclined 75 deg to the equator. | 
| 24 September | Mars Orbiter Mission | Areocentric orbit injection | India's first mission to Mars,[25] preliminary orbit was 422公里(262英里) x 76,994公里(47,842英里), inclined 150 deg to the equator. | 
| 23 October | Cassini | 107th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,013公里(629英里). | 
| 28 October[26] | Chang'e 5-T1 | lunar flyby on a free return trajectory | Closest approach: 13,000公里(8,100英里). | 
| 12 November | Philae | Landing on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko | First soft landing on a comet nucleus. Mission cut short when landing conditions resulted in its solar panels being out of position, depleting the lander's batteries. Data was still collected. | 
| 10 December | Cassini | 108th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 980公里(610英里). | 
舱外活动
[编辑]| 开始时间 | 持续时间 | 结束时间 | 航天器 | 乘组 | 备注 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 January 14:00  | 
6 hours 8 minutes  | 
20:08 | Expedition 38 / 39 | Installed High Resolution Camera (HRC) on SM Plane IV; installed Medium Resolution Camera (MRC) on SM Plane IV; photographed electrical connectors on ФП11 and ФП19 connector patch panels of SM; removed Worksite Interfaces (WIF) adaptor from SSRMS LEE B;
 retrieved СКК #2-СО cassette container from DC-1.[27]  | |
| 23 April 13:56  | 
1 hours 36 minutes  | 
15:32 | Expedition 39 / 40 | Replaced failed Multiplexer/Demultiplexer (MDM) unit on S0 truss; also removed two lanyards from Secondary Power Distribution Assembly (SPDA) doors.[28][29] | |
| 19 June 14:10  | 
7 hours 23 minutes  | 
21:33 | Expedition 40 / 41 | Installed an automated phased antenna array used for the Russian command and telemetry system, relocated a part of the Obstanovka experiment that monitors charged particles and plasma in Low Earth Orbit, verifying the correct installation of the universal work platform (URM-D), taking samples from one of Zvezda's windows, and jettisoning an experiment frame.[30][31] | |
| 18 August 14:02  | 
5 hours 11 minutes  | 
19:13 | Expedition 40 / 41 | Released Chasqui-1 cubesat into space; installed experiment packages (EXPOSE-R2 biological experiment, Plume Impingement and Deposit Monitoring unit), retrieved experiments (Vinoslivost materials exposure panel, Biorisk biological experiment), replaced cassette on SKK experiment and attached a handrail on an antenna.[32][33] | |
| 7 October 12:30  | 
6 hours 13 minutes  | 
18:43 | Expedition 41 / 42 | Re-located a failed pump module to a permanent stowage position, installed a back-up power supply for the Mobile Transporter and replaced a light on the robotic arm.[34][35] | |
| 15 October 12:16  | 
6 hours 34 minutes  | 
18:50 | Expedition 41 / 42 | Replaced failed sequential shunt unit (SSU) for 3A power system, relocated articulating portable foot restraint/tool stanchion (APFR/TS), removed camera port (CP) 7, relocated wireless video system external transceiver assembly (WETA) from CP8 to CP11, installed external TV camera group at CP8.[36][37] | |
| 22 October 13:28  | 
3 hours 38 minutes  | 
17:06 | Expedition 41 / 42 | Removed and jettisoned Radiometriya experiment from Zvezda Plane II, removed EXPOSE-R experiment protective cover, took surface samples from Pirs extravehicular hatch 2 window (TEST experiment), removed and jettisoned two KURS attennas 2ACф1-1 and 2ACф1-2 from Poisk, photographed exterior of ISS Russian segment.[38][39] | 
轨道发射统计
[编辑]按国家(区域)
[编辑]就本章节的主旨而言,每次航天飞行所属的国家以火箭的原产国为准,而不是发射服务提供商或发射场所在国。例如,西欧阿丽亚娜空间公司在南美洲圭亚那航天中心发射的联盟号火箭应视作俄罗斯的发射,因为联盟2号是俄罗斯火箭。
- 中国: 16
 - 法国: 6
 - 意大利: 1
 - 印度: 4
 - 以色列: 1
 - 日本: 4
 - 俄罗斯: 34
 - 乌克兰: 3
 - 美国: 23
 
| 国家(区域) | 发射数 | 成功数 | 失败数 | 部分
 失败数  | 
备注 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |||
| 34 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 包括阿丽亚娜空间公司从圭亚那航天中心发射的四次欧洲联盟号火箭 | ||
| 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 天顶和第聂伯火箭从俄罗斯发射 | ||
| 23 | 22 | 1 | 0 | |||
| 总计 | 92 | 88 | 2 | 2 | ||
按火箭
[编辑]By family
[编辑]| Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angara | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Antares | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Ariane | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Falcon | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| H-II | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Kuaizhou | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PSLV | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| R-7 | 22 | 21 | 0 | 1 | ||
| R-36 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Universal Rocket | 11 | 9 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Vega | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 
By type
[编辑]| Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angara A5 | Angara | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Antares | Antares | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Ariane 5 | Ariane | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas V | Atlas | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta II | Delta | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta IV | Delta | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Dnepr | R-36 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Falcon 9 | Falcon | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| GSLV | GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Kuaizhou 1 | Kuaizhou | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| H-IIA | H-II | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 2 | Long March | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 3 | Long March | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 4 | Long March | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Proton | Universal Rocket | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||
| PSLV | PSLV | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Shavit | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz | R-7 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-2 | R-7 | 14 | 13 | 0 | 1 | ||
| UR-100 | Universal Rocket | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Vega | Vega | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Zenit | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 
By configuration
[编辑]| Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angara A5 / Briz-M | Angara A5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Antares 120 | Antares | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Antares 130 | Antares | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Ariane 5 ECA | Ariane 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Ariane 5 ES | Ariane 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas V 401 | Atlas V | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas V 541 | Atlas V | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta II 7320 | Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta IV Medium+ (4,2) | Delta IV | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta IV Heavy | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Dnepr | Dnepr | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Falcon 9 v1.1 | Falcon 9 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| GSLV Mk II | GSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First successful launch | |
| H-IIA 202 | H-IIA | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Kuahzhou 1 | Kuaizhou 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 2C | Long March 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 2D | Long March 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 3A | Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 3C/E | Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Long March 4B | Long March 4 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 4C | Long March 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Proton-M / Briz-M | Proton | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||
| PSLV-CA | PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PSLV-XL | PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Rokot / Briz-KM | UR-100 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Shavit-2 | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-2.1a or ST-A | Soyuz-2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-2.1a or ST-A / Fregat-M | Soyuz-2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-2.1b or ST-B | Soyuz-2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M | Soyuz-2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz ST-B / Fregat-MT | Soyuz-2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Soyuz-FG | Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-U | Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Strela | UR-100 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Vega | Vega | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Zenit-3SL | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 
按发射场
[编辑]| Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baikonur | 21 | 19 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Cape Canaveral | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Dombarovsky | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Jiuquan | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Kourou | 11 | 10 | 0 | 1 | ||
| MARS | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Ocean Odyssey | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Palmachim | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Plesetsk | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Satish Dhawan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Taiyuan | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Tanegashima | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Vandenberg | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Xichang | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Total | 92 | 88 | 2 | 2 | ||
按轨道
[编辑]- Transatmospheric
 - Low Earth
 - Low Earth (ISS)
 - Low Earth (SSO)
 - Low Earth (retrograde)
 - Medium Earth
 -   Geosychronous
(transfer) - Inclined GSO
 - High Earth
 - Heliocentric
 
| Orbital regime | Launches | Achieved | Not achieved | Accidentally achieved  | 
Remarks | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transatmospheric | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Deployed into a transatmospheric orbit via low and medium Earth orbits | 
| Low Earth | 49 | 48 | 1 | 0 | 14 to ISS (1 failure) | 
| Medium Earth / Molniya | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | |
| Geosynchronous / GTO | 28 | 27 | 1 | 0 | |
| High Earth / Lunar transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Heliocentric / Planetary transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 92 | 90 | 2 | 0 | 
参考
[编辑]- 中国国家航天局
 - 中国探月网
 - Encyclopedia Astronautica
 - Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches
 - 日本宇宙航空研究開發機構
 - Jonathan's Space Report(SatCat.txt与Launchlog.txt两项)
 - Mission Set Database (NASA GFC)
 - NASA
 - NASA SpaceFlight.com
 - Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs
 - Space Calander (NASA JPL)
 - Southwest Space Archive
 - SPACE.com Launch Forecast
 - SpaceFlightNow
 - Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive
 - U.S. Space Objects Registry
 
脚注
[编辑]- ^ Krebs, Gunter. Chasqui 1. Gunter's Space Page. [16 August 2019].
 - ^ CHASQUI-1. N2YO.com. [16 August 2019].
 - ^ Gruss, Mike. USAF weather woes grow as DMSP-19 stops obeying orders. SpaceNews. 3 March 2016 [3 March 2016].
 - ^ משרד הביטחון: שיגור הלוויין אופק 10 לחלל - YouTube. YouTube. 10 April 2014.
 - ^ KickSat Has Been Deployed in Low-Earth Orbit. arrl.org. 2014-04-19 [2014-04-26].
 - ^ KickSat Has Reentered. www.kickstarter.com. 2014-05-14 [2014-09-20].
 - ^ В Казахстане второй день отсутствует телерадиовещание из-за проблем на спутнике KazSat-3 [There is no television and radio broadcasting in Kazakhstan for the second day due to problems on the KazSat-3 satellite]. 16 September 2023 [18 September 2023] (kazakh).
 - ^ Failure Review Oversight Board (FROB) Concludes Express AM4R Investigation; Return to Flight Mission Success on September 28. International Launch Services. [9 October 2014].
 - ^ Berger, Eric. Mysterious Russian satellites are now breaking apart in low-Earth orbit. Ars Technica. 8 February 2023 [8 February 2023].
 - ^ Soyuz Flight VS09: Independent Inquiry Board announces definitive conclusions concerning the Fregat upper stage anomaly. Arianespace. [9 October 2014].
 - ^ Sixth Galileo Satellite reaches corrected orbit. ESA. 2015-03-13 [14 March 2015]. (原始内容存档于23 April 2016).
 - ^ William Graham. ULA Atlas V successfully launches secretive CLIO mission. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2014-09-16 [2016-02-08].
 - ^ Krebs, Gunter. Nemesis 1, 2 (PAN, CLIO / P360). Gunter's Space Page. [16 August 2019].
 - ^ «Бриз-М» отклонился от задания. Kommersant. 28 October 2014 [15 November 2014] (俄语).
 - ^ Foust, Jeff. Virginia May Seek Federal Funds for Wallops Spaceport Repairs. Space News. 2014-11-21 [2014-12-01]. (原始内容存档于1 December 2014).
 - ^ KONDOR E. N2YO.com. 22 October 2022 [25 October 2022].
 - ^ Russia made its first test launch "Angara-A5". RIA Novosti. 23 December 2014 [23 December 2014].
 - ^ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.7 The CNS North Korea Missile Test Database. Nuclear Threat Initiative. [2025-01-17].
 - ^ India Inches Closer to Credible Nuclear Triad with K-4 SLBM Test.
 - ^ GoFast. [2016-03-12]. (原始内容存档于5 January 2009).
 - ^ 観測ロケットS-310-43号機 打上げ結果について. JAXA. 5 August 2014 [5 August 2014] (日语).
 - ^ 2014年度第一次観測ロケット実験の実施について. JAXA. 18 June 2014 [18 June 2014] (日语).
 - ^ 2014年度第一次観測ロケット実験の実施について. JAXA. 18 June 2014 [18 June 2014].
 - ^ Late ship postponed Mars mission launch, says official. The Times of India. 17 January 2014.
 - ^ Jayaraman, K.S. NASA's Deep Space Network to Support India's Mars Mission. Space.com. 28 June 2013 [2013-06-30].
 - ^ The mission. LuxSpace. [11 November 2014]. (原始内容存档于13 September 2014).
 - ^ Keeter, Bill. ISS Daily Summary Report – 01/27/14. ISS On-Orbit Status Report. NASA. 2014-01-27 [2023-10-19]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-19).
 - ^ Astronauts Complete Short Spacewalk to Replace Backup Computer. NASA. 2014-04-23 [2014-04-24].
 - ^ Pete Harding. Astronauts completed speedy EVA to replace failed EXT-2 MDM. NASASpaceflight.com. 2014-04-23 [2014-04-24].
 - ^ Spacewalkers Complete Installation and Experiment Work. NASA. 2014-06-19 [2014-06-20].
 - ^ David Štula. EVA-38: Frustration morphs into success during Russian spacewalk. NASASpaceflight.com. 2014-06-19 [2014-06-20].
 - ^ Station Spacewalkers Deploy Nanosatellite, Install and Retrieve Science. NASA. 2014-08-18 [2014-08-18].
 - ^ David Štula and Chris Bergin. Russian spacewalkers successfully complete science-oriented EVA. NASASpaceflight.com. 2014-08-18 [2014-08-18].
 - ^ Wiseman and Gerst Complete First Spacewalk of Expedition 41. NASA. 2014-10-07 [2014-10-08].
 - ^ Pete Harding. EVA-27: Astronaut duo complete US spacewalk outside ISS. NASASpaceflight.com. 2014-10-07 [2014-10-08].
 - ^ Station Spacewalkers Replace Power Regulator, Move Equipment. NASA. 2014-10-15 [2014-10-15].
 - ^ Pete Harding. American duo complete EVA to prepare ISS for commercial crew. NASASpaceflight.com. 2014-10-15 [2014-10-15].
 - ^ Cosmonauts Complete Third October Spacewalk. NASA. 2014-10-22 [2014-10-22].
 - ^ David Štula. Russian EVA-40 concludes final ISS spacewalk of 2014. NASASpaceflight.com. 2014-10-24 [2014-10-24].
 
