Portal:Turkey

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Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while ethnic Kurds are the largest ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya.

First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to various ancient peoples. The Hattians were assimilated by the Hittites and other Anatolian peoples. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization after Alexander the Great's conquests, and later Romanization during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded. Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power. From 1789 onwards, the empire saw major changes, reforms, centralization, and rising nationalism while its territory declined.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea. Under the control of the Three Pashas, the Ottoman Empire entered World War I in 1914, during which the Ottoman government committed genocides against its Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian subjects. Following Ottoman defeat, the Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. Turkey emerged as a more homogenous nation state. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modelled on the reforms initiated by the country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during most of World War II, but was involved in the Korean War. Several military interventions interfered with the transition to a multi-party system.

Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 16th-largest by nominal and 12th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP. As the 15th-largest electricity producer in the world, Turkey aims to become a hub for regional energy transportation. It is a unitary presidential republic. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD, G20, and Organization of Turkic States. With a geopolitically significant location, Turkey is a NATO member and has its second-largest military force. It may be recognized as an emerging, a middle, and a regional power. As an EU candidate, Turkey is part of the EU Customs Union.

Turkey has coastal plains, a high central plateau, and various mountain ranges; its climate is temperate with harsher conditions in the interior. Home to three biodiversity hotspots, Turkey is prone to frequent earthquakes and is highly vulnerable to climate change. Turkey has a universal healthcare system, growing access to education, and increasing levels of innovativeness. It is a leading TV content exporter. With numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites and intangible cultural heritage inscriptions, and a rich and diverse cuisine, Turkey is the fifth most visited country in the world. (Full article...)

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Castle and harbour of Alanya

Alanya (/əˈlɑːnjə/ ^ⓘ; Turkish pronunciation: [aˈɫanja]), formerly Alaiye, is a beach resort city, a municipality and district of Antalya Province, Turkey. It is on the southern coast of Turkey, in the country's Mediterranean Region, 133 kilometres (83 mi) east of the city of Antalya. Its area is 1,577 km², and its population is 364,180 (2022). The city proper has 189,222 inhabitants (2022).

Because of its natural strategic position on a small peninsula into the Mediterranean Sea below the Taurus Mountains, Alanya has been a local stronghold for many Mediterranean-based empires, including the Ptolemaic, Seleucid, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires. Alanya's greatest political importance came in the Middle Ages, with the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm under the rule of Alaeddin Kayqubad I, from whom the city derives its name. His building campaign resulted in many of the city's landmarks, such as the Kızıl Kule (Red Tower), Tersane (Shipyard), and Alanya Castle. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various Turkey-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Lake Van (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 2Atatürk on the cover of the Time magazine, Vol. I No. 4, March 24, 1923. Title: "Mustapha Kemal Pasha" (from History of Turkey)
Image 3Anıtkabir designed by Emin Halid Onat and Ahmet Orhan Arda (1944–53) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 4Map of Istanbul by the miniature artist Matrakçı Nasuh (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 5An oil wrestling tournament in Istanbul. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 6Istanbul University Faculty of Science and Faculty of Literature Buildings (1944–52) designed by Sedad Hakkı Eldem and Emin Onat (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 7Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca was one of the most prolific Turkish poets of the Turkish Republic with more than 60 collections of his poems published, laureate of the Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath Award. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 8Karagöz and Hacivat are the lead characters of Turkish shadow play, popularized during the Ottoman period. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 9Kaçkar Mountains. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 10The Ottoman Empire in 1683, at the start of the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) (from History of Turkey)
Image 11Sami Frashëri (1850–1904) and his wife Emine, May 1884. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 12Mehmed II enters Constantinople by Fausto Zonaro (from History of Turkey)
Image 13Turkish coffee (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 14The Bath-Gymnasium complex at Sardis in Turkey. (from History of Turkey)
Image 15Roosevelt, İnönü and Churchill at the Second Cairo Conference which was held between 4–6 December 1943. (from History of Turkey)
Image 16Tevfik Fikret (1867–1915) was a prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 17Night view of the Taksim Mosque (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 18Map of earthquakes in Turkey 1900–2023 (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 19Turkish delight (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 20First Ziraat Bank Headquarters (1925–29) in Ankara designed by Giulio Mongeri is an important symbol of the First National Architectural Movement. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 21Recaizade Mahmud Ekrem (1847–1914) was another prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 22Designed by Şekip Akalın, Ankara Central Station (1937) is a notable art deco design of its era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 23Entrance portal of the Karatay Madrasa in Konya (c. 1251) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 24Köppen climate types of Turkey (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 25Butterfly Valley on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 26Ankara Opera House, designed by Şevki Balmumcu (1933–34) and renovation by Paul Bonatz (1946–47). (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 27The Nation's Library of the Presidency, Ankara (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 28Namık Kemal was a prominent Turkish poet, novelist, playwright and journalist of the late-19th-century Ottoman Empire. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 29Istanbul (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 30The sultan of the golden age, Suleiman the Magnificent. (from History of Turkey)
Image 31Beaches and marina of Kemer near Antalya on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 32The empire in 555 under Justinian the Great, at its greatest extent since the fall of the Western Roman Empire (its vassals in pink) (from History of Turkey)
Image 33Orhan Pamuk, winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 34View of Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 35Selimiye Mosque in Edirne (1568–1574) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 36Turkish national basketball team won the silver medal in the 2010 FIBA World Championship. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 37Thrace and the Thracian Odrysian kingdom in its maximum extent under Sitalces (431-424 BC) (from History of Turkey)
Image 38Mount Nemrut, Adıyaman (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 39Map showing events of the first phases of the Greco-Persian Wars (from History of Turkey)
Image 40Antalya (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 41Ankara (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 42Yalikavak Palmarina in Bodrum (2014) designed by Emre Arolat (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 43Map of the Lydian Kingdom in its final period of sovereignty under Croesus, c. 547 BC. (from History of Turkey)
Image 44Orhan Veli Kanık was the founder of the Garip Movement in Turkish poetry. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 45View of Beydağları Coastal National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 46Originally a church, later a mosque, and now a Grand mosque, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul was built by the Byzantines in the 6th century. (from History of Turkey)
Image 47View from Levent district in Istanbul. Istanbul's skyline has changed especially since the early 2000s. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 48Map showing the Anatolian Plate, the North Anatolian Fault and East Anatolian Fault in Turkey. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 49A view of Levent from Kanlıca across the Bosporus. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 50Istanbul Sapphire (2006–11) is the tallest building in Turkey and 4th in Europe. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 51Mount Erciyes near Kayseri (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 52Mount Ararat (from Geography of Turkey)

Did you know - show different entries

... that due to a campaign in Turkey, speaking a language other than Turkish was illegal in many parts of the country? (January 15, 2013)
... that Wilhelm von Pressel designed the first railroad in Turkey? (July 25, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 155
... that Matild Manukyan, a wealthy Turkish businesswoman of Armenian origin, made her fortune as a brothel owner? (March 14, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 127
... that the Milion
(pictured) of Constantinople was the origin of all the roads into the European cities of the Byzantine Empire? (February 27, 2008)
... that the land of Haydarpaşa Cemetery, a burial ground in Istanbul, Turkey for British Commonwealth soldiers from three wars, belonged to Suleiman the Magnificent? (May 16, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 141
... that Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's state funeral took place twice, once immediately after his death in 1938 and then again in 1953? (May 1, 2011)
... that Bulgarian Dobri Zhelyazkov founded the first textile factory in the Ottoman Empire? (February 2, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 118

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Image 1Ölüdeniz
Image 2Rize
Image 31. picture on portal: The prominent towers of Dayro d-Mor Gabriel; 15th December 2005
Image 4Lahmacun
Image 5The Temple of Athena at Priene, an ancient site near Turunçlar in Aydın province.
Image 6The sun setting over the Golden Horn in the city of Istanbul.
Image 7Tünel, Istanbul
Image 8Antalya
Image 918th-century Ottoman barber's apron
Image 10the Bosphorus Bridge
Image 11Safranbolu
Image 12The ancient Lake Abant Nature Park in Bolu
Image 13Mount Nemrut
Image 14the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne
Image 15An airplane with a nazar boncuğu symbol that is said to offer protection from the "evil eye".
Image 16Iznik, 16th-century vase
Image 17A Kocek
Image 18Lake Akdoğan in Muş
Image 19Tarkan with Hungarian fans
Image 20Flag of Turkey, from flowers
Image 21The tughra of Mahmud II. "Mahmud Han bin Abdulhamid muzaffer daima" ("Mahmud Khan son of Abdulhamid is forever victorious").
Image 22A tram in Istanbul
Image 23Cappadocia
Image 24Atatürk praying
Image 25Kemer
Image 26Aydilge Sarp; Turkish singer, songwriter and novelist
Image 27A faculty of Sakarya University

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Tuncay in 2016

Tuncay Şanlı (Turkish pronunciation: [tunˈdʒaj ˈʃanɫɯ]; born 16 January 1982), often known mononymously as Tuncay, is a Turkish former footballer.

He naturally played as a striker, but was also positioned as an attacking midfielder and on either wing. He was in the Turkey team that finished in third place in both the 2003 Confederations Cup and the 2008 European Championships. With 22 international goals in 80 caps, he is Turkey's third-highest scorer of all time, and tenth-most capped player. (Full article...)

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Burak Yılmaz Piri Reis Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Ahmet Necdet Sezer Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Alp Arslan Nureddin Pasha İsmet İnönü Sıla (singer) Orhan Pamuk Erol Gelenbe Kemal Derviş Hande Yener Sertab Erener Said Altınordu Tarkan (singer) Junayd of Aydın Daron Acemoglu

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Lake Bafa Nature Park, 2015

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Videos from Turkey on Wikimedia Commons

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“

Heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives! You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.

”

1934 ~ Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

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Turkish proverbs in Wikiquote

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Recognized content

	Alanya, Byzantine Empire, SMS Goeben, The Turk, List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Istanbul, Italian War of 1521–1526, Italian War of 1542–1546, List of battleships of the Ottoman Empire, Rhodes blood libel
	2004 Istanbul summit, 2008 Turkish Grand Prix, Battle of Manzikert, Battle of Marash, Battle of Vaslui, Church of St. Polyeuctus, First Crusade, Great Zab, Hood event, Limyra Bridge, Siege of Szigetvár, Night Attack at Târgoviște, Third Perso-Turkic War, Walls of Constantinople, Gallipoli Campaign, Battle of Lone Pine