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Radiation weighting factors WR (formerly termed Q factor)
used to represent relative biological effectiveness
according to ICRP report 103[1]
Radiation Energy WR (formerly Q)
1949 1991 2003 2007
alpha rays,
Nuclear fission products,
heavy nuclei
  20 20 20 20
x-rays, gamma rays,
beta rays,[note 1] muons
  1[note 2] 1 1 1
neutrons < 1 MeV 2.5 + 18.2·e-[ln(E)]²/6
1 MeV - 50 MeV 5.0 + 17.0·e-[ln(2·E)]²/6
> 50 MeV 2.5 + 3.25·e-[ln(0.04·E)]²/6
protons, charged pions   10 5[note 3] 2 2
  1. ^ except auger electrons
  2. ^ 1.5 for 200 keV x-ray on skin
  3. ^ except recoil protons, >2 Mev
  1. ^ "The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection". Annals of the ICRP. ICRP publication 103. 37 (2–4). 2007. ISBN 978-0-7020-3048-2. Retrieved 17 May 2012.