User:NGPezz/sandbox
Madumabisa Mudstone Paleobiota
[edit]From Peecook et al. (2025) unless cited otherwise:[1]
Dicynodonts
[edit]| Dicynodonts of the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus / Taxon | Species | Strata | Location | Notes | Images |
| Abajudon | A. kaayai | Lower MMF[2] | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia)[2] | A small endothiodont. | |
| Aulacephalodon | A. kapoliwacela[3] | Upper MMF (both assemblages) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large geikiid cryptodont. |  |
| Compsodon | C. helmoedi | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small emydopid emydopoid. | |
| Daptocephalus | D. sp. | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized dicynodontoid. |  |
| Dicynodon | D. angielczyki | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized dicynodontoid. | |
| D. cf. D. lacerticeps | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized dicynodontoid. | ||
| Dicynodontoides | D. cf. D. nowacki | Upper MMF (both assemblages) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized kingoriid emydopoid. | |
| Digalodon | D. cf. D. rubidgei | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small emydopoid. | |
| Diictodon | D. feliceps | Upper MMF (both assemblages) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small pylaecephalid. |  |
| Emydops | E. sp. | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small emydopid emydopoid. | |
| Emydorhinus? | E.? sp. | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small emydopoid. | |
| Endothiodon | E. sp. | Lower–Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia, Zimbabwe),[4][5] Luangwa Basin (Zambia) |
A large endothiodont. |  |
| Euptychognathus | E. kingae[6] | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized lystrosaurid. |  |
| cf. Katumbia | cf. K. parringtoni | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized elphid bidentalian. | |
| Kembawacela | K. kitchingi | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small cistecephalid emydopoid. | |
| Kitchinganomodon | K. crassus | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large rhachiocephalid cryptodont. | |
| Madumabisa[6] | M. opainion | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized lystrosaurid. | |
| Odontocyclops | O. whaitsi | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A very large cryptodont. | |
| Oudenodon | O. bainii | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large oudenodontid cryptodont. | |
| Pristerodon | P. mackayi | Lower–Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zimbabwe),[5] Luangwa Basin (Zambia) |
A small dicynodont. | |
| Syops | S. vanhoepeni | Upper MMF (both assemblages) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large bidentalian. | |
Gorgonopsians
[edit]| Gorgonopsians of the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus / Taxon | Species | Strata | Location | Notes | Images |
| Aelurognathus | A. tigriceps | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia)[7] | A large rubidgein gorgonopsian. | |
| A. sp. | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large rubidgein gorgonopsian. This upper assemblage specimen may be referred to either Aelurognathus[1] or Smilesaurus.[8] | ||
| Arctognathus | A. curvimola | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small gorgonopsian. | |
| Arctops | A. umulunshi[8] | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized gorgonopsian. | |
| Cyonosaurus | C. sp. | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia)[9] | A medium-sized gorgonopsian. | |
| Dinogorgon | D. sp. | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A very large rubidgein gorgonopsian. | |
| cf. Dixeya | cf. D. sp. | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small gorgonopsian. | |
| Gorgonops | G. sp. | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia)[5] | A medium-sized gorgonopsian. | |
| Lycaenops | L. sp. | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized gorgonopsian. | |
| Rubidgea | R. atrox | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large rubidgein gorgonopsian. | |
| Scylacocephalus | S. sp. | Upper MMF (both assemblages) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small gorgonopsian. | |
| Sycosaurus | S. laticeps | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia)[7] | A very large rubidgein gorgonopsian. Sycosaurus-like gorgonopsian material has also been reported from Zimbabwe.[4] | |
Other synapsids
[edit]| Other synapsids of the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus / Taxon | Species | Strata | Location | Notes | Images |
| Anteosauridae indet. | Lower MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zimbabwe)[10] | A snout fragment, possibly from an anteosaurid dinocephalian.[10] | ||
| Biarmosuchia indet. | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized biarmosuchian skull similar to Herpetoskylax and Lycaenodon.[11] | ||
| Bondoceras[12] | B. bulborhynchus | Lower MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia) | A burnetiid biarmosuchian. | |
| Criocephalosaurus | C. gunyankaensis | Lower MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zimbabwe)[10] | A dubious dinocephalian based on a specimen which was poorly-described and now missing. | |
| Ichibengops[13] | I. munyamadziensis | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small chthonosaurid therocephalian. | |
| Ictidosuchoides | I. longiceps | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small baurioid therocephalian. | |
| cf. I. sp. | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small baurioid therocephalian. | ||
| Isengops[14] | I. luangwensis | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized burentiamorph biarmosuchian with tall horns above its eyes.[14] | |
| Mobaceras[15] | M. zambeziense | Lower MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia) | A burnetiid biarmosuchian. | |
| Mupashi | M. migrator | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small karenitid therocephalian. | |
| Nshimbodon | N. muchingaensis | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A small charassognathid cynodont. |  |
| Procynosuchus | P. delaharpeae | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized procynosuchid cynodont. |  |
| Tapinocephalidae indet. | Lower MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia,[16] Zimbabwe[10]) | Teeth and jaw fragments from tapinocephalid dinocephalians.[10][16] A partial skull has also been found in Zimbabwe.[17] | ||
| Theriognathus | T. microps | Upper MMF (upper assemblage) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized whaitsiid therocephalian. | |
| Wantulignathus[18] | W. gwembensis | Lower MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia) | An unusual blunt-snouted biarmosuchian. | |
Other tetrapods
[edit]| Other tetrapods (reptiles and amphibians) of the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus / Taxon | Species | Strata | Location | Notes | Images |
| Amenoyengi[19] | A. mpunduensis | Upper MMF (lower assemblage) | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zambia) | A small moradisaurine captorhinid. | |
| Pareiasuchus | P. nasicornis | Upper MMF (both assemblages) | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A large pareiasaur.[20] | |
| "Protocaptorhinus" | "P." sp. | Upper MMF | Mid-Zambezi Basin (Zimbabwe)[21] | A captorhinid similar to Saurorictus.[19] | |
| Rhineceps | R. karibaensis[22] | Upper MMF | Luangwa Basin (Zambia) | A medium-sized rhinesuchid temnospondyl. | |
Fish
[edit]Texas Geology
[edit]Rattlesnake Canyon (maybe Petrolia Fm, but disputed): Protocaptorhinus, Aspidosaurus sp. (MCZ 1477), Orodus? corrugatus,
upper Admiral Fm = Petrolia Fm[24]
Mount Barry (IVf) is also Petrolia Fm[25]
Table
[edit]| Plethodontidae |
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Treatise H citations
[edit]Whole Part Template (Cite book, note: no ISBN, since it varies between volumes): Williams, Alwyn; Brunton, C.H.C.; Carlson, S.J.; et al. (1997–2007). Kaesler, Roger L.; Selden, Paul (eds.). Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Boulder, Colorado; Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America; University of Kansas.
Cite book to volume: Williams, Alwyn; Brunton, C.H.C.; Carlson, S.J.; et al. (2000). Kaesler, Roger L. (ed.). Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volumes 2 & 3: Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea (part). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Boulder, Colorado; Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America; University of Kansas. ISBN 0-8137-3108-9.
Cite book to "chapter": Popov, Leonid E.; Holmer, Lars E. (2000). "Chapter 2 (part): Obolellata". In Kaesler, Roger L. (ed.). Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volumes 2 & 3: Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea (part). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Boulder, Colorado; Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America; University of Kansas. pp. 200–208. ISBN 0-8137-3108-9.
Extinctions
[edit]Other extinctions: Botomian, Dresbachian, Franconian, Trempealeauan, Caradoc?, Ireviken/Llandovery, Mulde/Wenlock, Pridoli?, Visean?, Scythian (Induan?, Smithian-Spathian?), Carnian?, Norian?, Aptian,
Lockatong Facies
[edit]Van Houter (1964 http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/Bulletins/169/VanHouten/index.html), Smoot (1991 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/003101829190055V)
Smoot & Olsen (1988- https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~polsen/nbcp/smoot_olsen_88_sm.pdf), Smoot & Olsen (1994), Smoot (2010), Olsen & Kent (1996)
Van Houten (1969-https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=so9MkARBrnAC&oi=fnd&pg=PA5#v=onepage&q&f=false)
TPS (1985-https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0946/report.pdf#page=24)
Smoot et al (1985-https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/aapgbull/article-abstract/69/9/1448/564270)
Van Houten 1969 suggested the Stockton/Lockatong/Passaic Formations correspond to specific time periods, while Smoot et al. (1985) and Turner-Peterson & Smoot (1985) suggested they were time-transgressive due to Gilbert-like deltaic sediments being present in both the Stockton and Lockatong formations.
Subunits
[edit]Tumble Falls Member
[edit]A2 (black/grey hard argillite) followed by "Double Red" (red to black to red argillite) of McLaughlin 1944. Also discussed in Willard et al 1959. Informally named by Olsen 1986, formalized by Olsen et al 1996. Early in the section is the beginning of magnetozone E13n.1n. Nursery no. 1/Tutusville no. 1 core overlap. Some particularly thick, fine black shales. Type section at west slope of PA route 32 opposite the Delaware River from Tumble Falls, NJ. 218.51-218.11 Ma (Kent et al 2017 APTS)
Microbial spherules (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12549-015-0207-y).
Sedimentary structures and ichnotaxa: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=n7mCDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false
McLaughlin 1944-Penn stratigraphy north of Point Pleasant: https://www.jstor.org/stable/44109261?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
1945-Penn stratigraphy near Point Pleasant (no Tumble Fall outcrops): https://www.jstor.org/stable/44109298?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
1946-New Jersey side stratigraphy: https://www.jstor.org/stable/44109327?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
Willard et al 1959: https://archive.org/details/geologymineralre00penn/page/76/mode/2up
Olsen 1986: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/234/4778/842
Olsen et al 1996: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-abstract/108/1/40/183081
supp. data: https://www.geosociety.org/datarepository/1996/9601.pdf
Smith Corner Member
[edit]Also Smith's or Smiths Corner. A1 (black/grey hard argillite) and "Smith's Corner Red Member" (thin band of red argillite) of McLaughlin 1944. Massive mudstone instead of black shale. Found in the Nursery core. Type section at west side of PA route 32 north of Point Pleasant, PA. Exposed at several places along Tohickon Creek, including a stream at the village of Smiths Corner, PA. 218.92-218.51 Ma (Kent et al 2017 APTS). Youngest Lockatong conchostracans: Wannerestheria pennsylvanica, no Howellisaura? ovata. This zone is also found in the basal Gettysburg Formation and has been considered Late Tuvalian by some (though criticized). Upper half of magnetozone E12r.
Kozur Weems 2010: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/334/1/315
Husing et al 2011: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012821X10007648
Prahls Island Member
[edit]"Triple Red" and the undifferentiated underlying black argillite of McLaughlin 1944. Massive mudstone instead of black shale. Type section at "Old Busik Quarry" at a Creek along the east side of NJ Route 29, south of Tumble Falls and near the southern part of Prahls Island. Also exposed near Locktown and Kingwood, NJ. Found in the Nursery core. Lower half of magnetozone E12r. Old Solite Quarry (o) of Cow Branch Formation equivalent to the lower half of Prahls Island Member based on magnetostratigraphy (E12r at Newark = D4r at Cow Branch). 218.92-219.32 Ma.
Kent Olsen 1997: https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~polsen/nbcp/kent.olsen.97.pdf
Selden et al 1999: http://www.paulselden.net/uploads/7/5/3/2/7532217/joaaraneomorphs.pdf
Smoot Olsen 1994 (differences between massive mudstone and black shale facies, etc.): https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/1176/chapter/10575445/Climatic-Cycles-as-Sedimentary-Controls-of-Rift
Tohickon Member
[edit]"First Big Red" and the undifferentiated underlying black argillite of McLaughlin 1944. Type section at a creek on the east side of NJ Route 29, north of Byram. 219.32-219.73 Ma. E12n, upper extent of E11r. Found in the Nursery Core, the extensive Byram outcrop, and the Haines and Kibblehouse Quarry.
Smoot 2010 (more facies stuff): https://www.state.nj.us/dep/njgs/enviroed/oldpubs/bulletin77.pdf
Withjack et al 2012 (rift basin development): https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/369/1/301
Skunk Hollow Member
[edit]"First Thin Red" and the upper extent of the underlying black argillite of McLaughlin 1944. Unusually thick black shales. Type section at Haines and Kibblehouse Quarry along Skunk Hollow Road in Hilltown township, PA. Also found at the Byram outcrop and Nursery Core. E11r. 219.73-220.13 Ma. Skunk Hollow Fish Bed.
Figure 50 in Non-Marine Boundary events Olsen
Byram Member
[edit]Type section at the NJ Route 29 outcrop north of Byram. Nursery and Princeton Cores, E11r, 220.13-220.54 Ma.
Silesauridae
[edit]- Ankylothecodont dentition
- Short, subtriangular dentition (not Lewisuchus)
- Mesiodistally expanded tooth crowns? (not Lewisuchus)
- Pointed front tip of Dentary (not Lewisuchus)
- Toothless front tip of dentary (not Lewisuchus)
- Narrow ventral process of the squamosal?
- ICAs enter braincase ventrally? (not Lewisuchus)
- Hypoglossal nerve exits anteroposteriorly aligned
- Rugose anterolateral edges of the supraoccipital
- Cervical centra 3-5 longer than middorsal
- Sacral ribs shared between vertebrae? (not Lewisuchus) NO
- Humeral head continuous with deltopectoral crest?
- Rugosities on preacetabular and postacetabular processes of ilium
- Straight ventral margin of ilium (not Kwanasaurus)
- Thin, drooping "saddle-shaped" iliac blade (not Lewisuchus, Asilisaurus, or Lutungutali)
- Femur longer than tibia? (not Lewisuchus)
- Straight medial articular facet of femur (not Lewisuchus)
- Groove on the femoral head?
- Notch under femoral head
- Hoof-like pedal unguals?
Like most early avemetatarsalians, the hip and hindlimbs of silesaurids are among the most informative parts of the skeleton. The ilium (upper blade of the hip) has a closed acetabulum, a "primitive" feature unlike the open acetabulum of dinosaurs. In almost all silesaurids, the acetabulum is positioned far back on the ilium, leading to its lower edge being represented primarily by the straight ischiadic peduncle. Dinosaurs (with the apparent exception of Saturnalia) have a concave lower edge due to the open acetabulum, and the only silesaurid with this advanced condition is possibly Kwanasaurus. More basal dinosauromorphs and other archosaurs have a primarily convex and wedge-shaped lower edge due to the pubic and ischiac peduncles having equal contribution to the lower edge.
The femoral head is offset from the rest of the shaft through an abrupt obtuse notch, rather than a continuous concave rim present in other dinosauromorphs. In most silesaurids, the femoral head is roughly triangular in cross section, connecting to the hip through a short flat surface. The most basal silesaurids, Lewisuchus and Asilisaurus, retain the more convex connection possessed by other archosaurs. All silesaurids apart from Lewisuchus have a straight groove on the top of the femoral head. Also in non-Lewisuchus silesaurids, the lower portion of the femur has a characteristic deep groove (seemingly the popliteal fossa) running up more than 1/4 of its rear edge.
Guchengosuchus description
[edit]Skull
[edit]The tooth-bearing maxilla bone of the snout was 16.5 centimeters (6.5 inches) in length and had 14 teeth. Although the front part of the tooth row was slightly upturned, most of it was straight and completely horizontal. There is a smoothly curved transition between the front edge of the maxilla and the upward-branching ascending process, which lies in front of the antorbital fenestra. These traits are generally in contrast to derived erythrosuchids like Erythrosuchus and Garjainia, which have a concave tooth row and an abrupt transition between the main body and ascending process of the maxilla. The rear edge of the ascending process has a slightly thickened area which curves downwards before diminishing, a trait also seen in Garjainia. Like many other basal archosauriforms, but in contrast to most erythrosuchids, the antorbital fenestra is not surrounded by a lowered basin of bone (known as an antorbital fossa). The teeth are ankylothecodont, meaning that they are fused to the rest of the maxilla by ridges of bone. This is similar to most basal archosauriforms, but some other erythrosuchids (and various more advanced archosauriforms) have thecodont teeth lacking this fusion. The teeth themselves are typical of carnivorous archosauriforms, being curved, blade-like, and serrated.
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Peecook, Brandon R.; Sidor, Christian A.; McIntosh, Julia A.; Viglietti, Pia A.; Smith, Roger M. H.; Tabor, Neil J.; Kammerer, Christian F.; Lungmus, Jacqueline K.; Museba, Joseph; Tolan, Stephen; Whitney, Megan R.; Angielczyk, Kenneth D. (2025). "Successive assemblages of upper Permian vertebrates in the upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation of the Luangwa Basin, Zambia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 45 (sup1): 234–257. doi:10.1080/02724634.2025.2486065. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ a b Olroyd, Savannah L.; Sidor, Christian A.; Angielczyk, Kenneth D. (2017-11-02). "New materials of the enigmatic dicynodont Abajudon kaayai (Therapsida, Anomodontia) from the lower Madumabisa Mudstone Formation, middle Permian of Zambia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (6): e1403442. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1403442. ISSN 0272-4634.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) - ^ Thomas, Henry N.; Angielczyk, Kenneth D.; Peecook, Brandon R. (2025-01-01). "The first geikiid dicynodont, Aulacephalodon kapoliwacela, sp. nov. (Therapsida, Anomodontia), from the upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation, Zambia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 45 (sup1): e2446603. doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2446603. ISSN 0272-4634.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) - ^ a b Bond, Geoffrey (1972). "Milstones in Rhodesian palaeontology (1901-1971)". Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa. 75 (2): 149–158. doi:10.10520/AJA10120750_2736.
- ^ a b c Sidor, Christian A.; Mann, Arjan; Angielczyk, Kenneth D. (2023-01-02). "Gorgonops and Endothiodon (Synapsida: Therapsida) from the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation: evidence of a previously unreported tetrapod biozone in the Mid-Zambezi Basin of southern Zambia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (1). doi:10.1080/02724634.2023.2256812. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ a b Kammerer, Christian F.; Angielczyk, Kenneth D.; Fröbisch, Jörg (2025-01-01). "Permian origins of the Lystrosauridae (Therapsida: Dicynodontia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 45 (sup1): e2451813. doi:10.1080/02724634.2025.2451813. ISSN 0272-4634.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) - ^ a b Kammerer, Christian F. (2016-01-26). "Systematics of the Rubidgeinae (Therapsida: Gorgonopsia)". PeerJ. 4: e1608. doi:10.7717/peerj.1608. ISSN 2167-8359.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b Mann, Arjan; Sidor, Christian A. (2025). "Arctops umulunshi , sp. nov. (Therapsida: Gorgonopsia) from the upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation of Zambia, with new information on gorgonopsian postcranial anatomy". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 45 (sup1). doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2444405. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ Acker, Alex; Peecook, Brandon R.; Sidor, Christian A.; Whitney, Megan R. (2025). "The first occurrence of Cyonosaurus (Therapsida, Gorgonopsia) from the Luangwa Basin of Zambia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 45 (sup1). doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2444407. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ a b c d e Lepper, J.; Raath, M.A.; Rubidge, B.S. (2000). "A diverse dinocephallan fauna from Zimbabwe". South African Journal of Science. 96: 403–405.
- ^ Sidor, Christian A. (2015-04-01). "The first biarmosuchian from the upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation (Luangwa Basin) of Zambia". Palaeontologia africana. 49: 1–7. ISSN 2410-4418.
- ^ Sidor, C. A. (2023). "New and historical specimens of burnetiamorph therapsids, with comments on ontogeny, biogeography, and bizarre structures". Palaeontologia Africana. 56: 16–35. hdl:10539/35696.
- ^ Huttenlocker, Adam K.; Sidor, Christian A.; Angielczyk, Kenneth D. (2015-09-03). "A new eutherocephalian (Therapsida, Therocephalia) from the upper Permian Madumabisa Mudstone Formation (Luangwa Basin) of Zambia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (5): e969400. doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.969400. ISSN 0272-4634.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) - ^ a b Sidor, Christian A.; Tabor, Neil J.; Smith, Roger M. H. (2021-06-24). "A New Late Permian Burnetiamorph From Zambia Confirms Exceptional Levels of Endemism in Burnetiamorpha (Therapsida: Biarmosuchia) and an Updated Paleoenvironmental Interpretation of the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 9. doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.685244. ISSN 2296-701X.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Kammerer, Christian F.; Sidor, Christian A. (2021). "A new burnetiid from the middle Permian of Zambia and a reanalysis of burnetiamorph relationships". Papers in Palaeontology. 7 (3): 1261–1295. doi:10.1002/spp2.1341. ISSN 2056-2802.
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