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User:Footy2000/Transport Sandbox

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This is a list of orbital launch systems with launch vehicles, and other conventional systems, used to place payloads into various orbit.

China

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CASC

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The Long March family is operated by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), manufactured by China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT) and Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST)[a].

Orbital launch systems of CASC
System Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO GTO TLI
Long March 1 Small-lift 29.86 m (98.0 ft) 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in) 3 300 kg (660 lb) — Retired (1970-1971)[1]
Long March 1D 28.22 m (92.6 ft) 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in) 3 930 kg (2,050 lb) — Retired (1995-2002)[2]
Feng Bao 1 Medium-lift 33 m (108 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) — Retired (1972-1981)[3]
Long March 2A Small-lift 32 m (105 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) — Retired (1974-1978)[4]
Long March 2C Medium-lift 42 m (138 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) 1,250 kg (2,760 lb) — Operational since 1982[5]
Long March 2D 41.05 m (134.7 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) — Operational since 1992[6]
Long March 2E 49.70 m (163.1 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 9,500 kg (20,900 lb) 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) — Retired (1990-1995)[7]
Long March 2F[b] 62 m (203 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 8,400 kg (18,500 lb) — Operational since 1999[8]
Long March 3A 52.52 m (172.3 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 8,500 kg (18,700 lb) 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) — Possibly retired (1994-2018)[9]
Long March 3B 54.8 m (180 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3/4[c] 11,500 kg (25,400 lb) 5,100 kg (11,200 lb) — Operational since 1996[10]
Long March 3B/E 56.3 m (185 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3/4[c] 11,500 kg (25,400 lb) 5,500 kg (12,100 lb) — Operational since 2007[11]
Long March 3C 54.8 m (180 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3/4[c] 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) — Possibly retired (2008-2016)[12]
Long March 3C/E 55.64 m (182.5 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3/4[c] 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) 3,900 kg (8,600 lb) — Operational since 2014[13]
Long March 4A 41.9 m (137 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) — Retired (1988-1990)[14]
Long March 4B 44.1 m (145 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 4,200 kg (9,300 lb) 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) — Operational since 1999[15]
Long March 4C 45.8 m (150 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 4,200 kg (9,300 lb) 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) — Operational since 2006[16]
Long March 5 Heavy-lift 56.97 m (186.9 ft)[d] 5 m (16 ft) 2 — 14,000 kg (31,000 lb) 8,800 kg (19,400 lb) Operational since 2016[17]
Long March 5B 53.66 m (176.0 ft) 5 m (16 ft) 2/3[e] 25,000 kg (55,000 lb) — 8,800 kg (19,400 lb) Operational since 2020[18]
Long March 6A Medium-lift 50 m (160 ft)[f] 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) — Operational since 2022[19]
Long March 6C 43 m (141 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) — Operational since 2024[20]
Long March 7 53.10 m (174.2 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 13,500 kg (29,800 lb) 7,000 kg (15,000 lb) 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) Operational since 2016[21]
Long March 7A[g] 60.13 m (197.3 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3/4[c] 13,500 kg (29,800 lb) 7,000 kg (15,000 lb) 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) Operational since 2020[22]
Long March 8[h] 50.34 m (165.2 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 8,100 kg (17,900 lb) 2,800 kg (6,200 lb) 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) Operational since 2020[23]
Long March 8A 50.5 m (166 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 8,100 kg (17,900 lb) 2,800 kg (6,200 lb) 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) Operational since 2025[24]
Long March 9 Super-heavy-lift 114 m (374 ft) 10.6 m (35 ft) 2 150,000 kg (330,000 lb) — 54,000 kg (119,000 lb) Under-development since 2016[25]
Long March 10[i] 92.5 m (303 ft) 5 m (16 ft) 3 70,000 kg (150,000 lb) — 27,000 kg (60,000 lb) Under-development since 2017[26]
Long March 11 Small-lift 20.8 m (68 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 3 700 kg (1,500 lb) — Operational since 2015[27][28]
Long March 12[j] Medium-lift 62 m (203 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 2 12,000 kg (26,000 lb) — Operational since 2024[29]
Kaituozhe-1 Small-lift 13.6 m (45 ft) 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) 4 100 kg (220 lb) — Retired (2002-2003)[30] Unavailable

Other Chinese state-owned agencies

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Orbital launch systems of other Chinese state-owned aerospace agencies
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO 500 km SSO 700 km SSO
Jielong 1 CALT (manufacturer) Small-lift 19.5 m (64 ft) 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) 4 — 200 kg (440 lb) — Operational since 2019[31] Unavailable
Jielong 3 31 m (102 ft) 2.64 m (8 ft 8 in) 4 — 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) — Operational since 2022[32]
Kuaizhou 1 ExPace (manufacturer) 19.4 m (64 ft) 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) 4 — 430 kg (950 lb) — Retired (2013-2014)[33] Unavailable
Kuaizhou 1A 19.4 m (64 ft) 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) 4 400 kg (880 lb) 250 kg (550 lb) 200 kg (440 lb) Operational since 2017[34]
Kuaizhou 1A Pro Unknown 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) Unknown 450 kg (990 lb) 360 kg (790 lb) — Operational since 2024[35] Unavailable
Kuaizhou 11 Unknown 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in) Unknown 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) — 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) Operational since 2020[36]
Kuaizhou 21 Medium-lift Unknown 4 m (13 ft) Unknown 20,000 kg (44,000 lb) — Under-development[37] Unavailable

Chinese private agencies

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Orbital launch systems of various Chinese private aerospace agencies
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO GTO TLI
Kinetica 1 CAS Space Small-lift 29.7 m (97 ft) 2.65 m (8 ft 8 in) 4 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) — Operational since 2022[38]
Kinetica 2 Medium-lift 53 m (174 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 4 500 kg (1,100 lb) — Under-development[39] Unavailable
Ceres-1[k] Galactic Energy Small-lift 20 m (66 ft) 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) 4 400 kg (880 lb) — Operational since 2020[40]
Hyperbola-1 i-Space Small-lift 24 m (79 ft) 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) 4 520 kg (1,150 lb) — Operational since 2019[41]
Zhuque-1 LandSpace Small-lift 19 m (62 ft) 1.35 m (4 ft 5 in) 3 300 kg (660 lb) — Retired (2018)[42]
Zhuque-2 Medium-lift 49.5 m (162 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) — Retired (2022-2024)[43]
Zhuque-2E Medium-lift 47.3 m (155 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 2 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) — Operational since 2024[44]
Zhuque-3 Medium to heavy lift 76.6 m (251 ft) 4.5 m (15 ft) 2 12,500 kg (27,600 lb)[l] — Under-development since 2024[45] Unavailable
Gravity-1 Orienspace Medium-lift 42 m (138 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 6,500 kg (14,300 lb) — Operational since 2024[46]
Tianlong-2 Space Pioneer Small-lift 32.8 m (108 ft) 3.35 m (11.0 ft) 3 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) — Operational since 2023[47] Unavailable
Tianlong-3 Medium-lift 71 m (233 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 2 17,000 kg (37,000 lb) — Under-development since 2023[48] Unavailable

Europe

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ELDO

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Orbital launch systems of European Launcher Development Organisation
System Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO GTO TLI
Europa I Medium-lift 33 m (108 ft) 3.05 m (10.0 ft) 3 — 200 kg (440 lb) — Retired (1968-1970)[49] Unavailable
Europa II 34.66 m (113.7 ft) 3.05 m (10.0 ft) 4 — 360 kg (790 lb) — Retired (1971)Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page without content in them (see the help page).

France

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Orbital launch systems of France
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO GTO TLI
Diamant A CNES Small-lift 18.95 m (62.2 ft) 1.34 m (4 ft 5 in) 3 160 kg (350 lb) — Retired (1965-1967)[50]
Diamant B 23.5 m (77 ft) 1.34 m (4 ft 5 in) 3 190 kg (420 lb) Retired (1970-1973)[51] Unavailable
Diamant BP4 21.6 m (71 ft) 1.34 m (4 ft 5 in) 3 Unknown Retired (1975)[51] Unavailable
Ariane 1 Aérospatiale (manufacturer) Medium-lift 50 m (160 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 4,850 kg (10,690 lb) 1,850 kg (4,080 lb) — Retired (1979-1986)[52]
Ariane 2 49.13 m (161.2 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 — 2,175 kg (4,795 lb) — Retired (1986-1989)[53] Unavailable
Ariane 3 49.13 m (161.2 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 — 2,700 kg (6,000 lb) — Retired (1984-1989)[54]
Ariane 40 58.72 m (192.7 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) 2,100 kg (4,600 lb) — Retired (1990-1999)[55]
Ariane 42P 58.72 m (192.7 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) 2,930 kg (6,460 lb) — Retired (1990-2002)[55]
Ariane 42L 58.72 m (192.7 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) 3,480 kg (7,670 lb) — Retired (1993-2002)[55]
Ariane 44P 58.72 m (192.7 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) 3,460 kg (7,630 lb) — Retired (1991-2001)[55]
Ariane 44LP 58.72 m (192.7 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) 4,220 kg (9,300 lb) — Retired (1988-2001)[55]
Ariane 44L 58.72 m (192.7 ft) 3.8 m (12 ft) 3 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) 4,720 kg (10,410 lb) — Retired (1989-2003)[55] Unavailable
Ariane 5G 54.05 m (177.3 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 16,000 kg (35,000 lb) 6,950 kg (15,320 lb) — Retired (1996-2003)[56]
Ariane 5G+ 45.70 m (149.9 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 16,000 kg (35,000 lb) 7,100 kg (15,700 lb) — Retired (2004)[57]
Ariane 5GS 47 m (154 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 16,000 kg (35,000 lb) 6,600 kg (14,600 lb)[m] — Retired (2005-2009)[58] Unavailable
Ariane 5ECA 53 m (174 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 16,000 kg (35,000 lb) 9,600 kg (21,200 lb)[n] — Retired (2002-2019)[59]
Ariane 5ECA+ heavy-lift 53 m (174 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 21,000 kg (46,000 lb) 10,200 kg (22,500 lb)[o] — Retired (2019-2023)[60]
Ariane 62 Medium-lift 63 m (207 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 10,350 kg (22,820 lb) 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) Operational since 2024[61]
Ariane 64 Heavy-lift 63 m (207 ft) 5.4 m (18 ft) 2 21,650 kg (47,730 lb) 11,500 kg (25,400 lb) 8,600 kg (19,000 lb) Under-development since 2014[62]
Ariane Next Medium-lift TBD TBD 2 TBD Under-development since 2021[63] Unavilable

Germany

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Orbital launch systems of Germany
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO GTO TLI
SL1 HyImpulse Small-lift TBD TBD 3 500 kg (1,100 lb) — Under-development since 2019[64] Unavailable
Spectrum Isar Aerospace 28 m (92 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 2 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) — Under-development since 2020[65]
RFA One Rocket Factory Augsburg 30 m (98 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 3 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) 450 kg (990 lb) 300 kg (660 lb) Under-development since 2019[66] Unavailable

Italy

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Orbital launch systems of Italy
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
500km SSO GTO TLI
Vega Avio (manufacturer) Small-lift 30 m (98 ft) 3 m (9.8 ft) 4 1,430 kg (3,150 lb) 1,963 kg (4,328 lb) — Retired (2012-2024)[67]
Vega C Medium-lift 34.6 m (114 ft) 3.4 m (11 ft) 4 2,250 kg (4,960 lb) 1,700 kg (3,700 lb) — Operational since 2022[68]
Vega E 35 m (115 ft) 3.4 m (11 ft) 4 TBD Under-development since 2021[69] Unavailable

Spain

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Orbital launch systems of Spain
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO GTO TLI
Pilum [es] INTA Small-lift 5.5 m (18 ft) 0.65 m (2 ft 2 in) 3 20 kg (44 lb) — Under-development since 2019)[70]
Miura 5 PLD Space 35.7 m (117 ft) 2.0 m (6 ft 7 in) 2/3[e] 1,080 kg (2,380 lb) — Under-development since 2019[71]
Miura Next Medium-lift 60 m (200 ft) 3.5 m (11 ft) 2 13,580 kg (29,940 lb) 4,595 kg (10,130 lb) — Under-development since 2024[72] Unavailable
Bloostar Zero 2 Infinity Small-lift Rockoon TBD TBD 3 140 kg (310 lb) — Under-development since 2013[73] Unavailable

Ukraine

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This section includes former Soviet launch systems inherited by Ukraine. See #Soviet Union section for systems developed and operated exclusively by Soviet Union.

United Kingdom

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Orbital launch systems of United Kingdom
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Black Arrow RAE and Westland Aircraft (manufacturers) Small-lift 13 m (43 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 3 220 kg (490 lb) — Retired (1969-1971)[74]
Prime Orbex 19 m (62 ft) 1.45 m (4 ft 9 in) 2 — 180 kg (400 lb) — Under-development since 2018[75]
Skyrora XL Skyrora Medium-lift TBD TBD 3 — 315 kg (694 lb) — Under-development since 2021[76] Unavailable

India

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ISRO

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Orbital launch systems of ISRO/DoS
System Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO TLI
SLV Small-lift 22 m (72 ft) 1 m (3 ft 3 in) 4 41.5 kg (91 lb) — Retired (1979-1983)[77]
ASLV 23.5 m (77 ft) 1 m (3 ft 3 in) 5 150 kg (330 lb) — Retired (1987-1994)[78]
PSLV-G Medium-lift 44 m (144 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 4 3,200 kg (7,100 lb) 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) 1,150 kg (2,540 lb) — Retired (1993-2016)[79]
PSLV-CA 44 m (144 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 4 2,100 kg (4,600 lb) 1,100 kg (2,400 lb) — Operational since 2007[80]
PSLV-XL 44 m (144 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 4 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) 1,750 kg (3,860 lb) 1,300 kg (2,900 lb) — Operational since 2008[81]
PSLV-DL 44 m (144 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 4 — 1,100 kg (2,400 lb) — Operational since 2019[82]
PSLV-QL 44 m (144 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 4 — 1,523 kg (3,358 lb) — Operational since 2019[83]
GSLV Mark I 49.13 m (161.2 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 3 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) — Retired (2001-2010)[84]
GSLV Mark II 49.13 m (161.2 ft) 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) 3 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) — Operational since 2010[85]
LVM3 43.43 m (142.5 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 3 10,000 kg (22,000 lb) — 4,300 kg (9,500 lb) 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) Operational since 2014[86]
LVM3-SC 43.43 m (142.5 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 3 TBD — 10,000 kg (22,000 lb) 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) Under-development since 2015[87] Similar to LVM3 as shown above
HLVM3 53 m (174 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 3 10,000 kg (22,000 lb) — 4,300 kg (9,500 lb) 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) Under-development since 2019[88]
SLV Small-lift 34 m (112 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 4 500 kg (1,100 lb) 300 kg (660 lb) — Operational since 2022[89]
NGLV Heavy-lift 93 m (305 ft) 5 m (16 ft) 3 23,000 kg (51,000 lb) — 9,600 kg (21,200 lb) 7,000 kg (15,000 lb) Under-development since 2024[90]
NGLV-H 93 m (305 ft) 5 m (16 ft) 3 31,700 kg (69,900 lb) — 12,400 kg (27,300 lb) TBD Under-development since 2024[90]
NGLV-SH Super-heavy-lift 93 m (305 ft) 5 m (16 ft) 3 70,000 kg (150,000 lb) — 24,000 kg (53,000 lb) 22,500 kg (49,600 lb) Under-development since 2024[90]

Indian private agencies

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Orbital launch systems of various Indian private aerospace agencies
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO 500km SSO GTO TLI
Agnibaan Agnikul Cosmos Small-lift 18 m (59 ft) 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) 4 100 kg (220 lb)[p] — Under-development since 2024
Razor Crest EtherealX Medium to heavy lift reusable 68 m (223 ft) 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) 2 24,800 kg (54,700 lb)[q] — 10,800 kg (23,800 lb)[r] 6,800 kg (15,000 lb)[s] Under-development since 2022
Garuda-I MTAR Technologies Small-lift TBD TBD 2 500 kg (1,100 lb)[91] — Uder-development since 2021[92] Unavailable
Vikram I Skyroot Aerospace Small-lift 20 m (66 ft) 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) 3 480 kg (1,060 lb) 290 kg (640 lb) — Under-development since 2022[93]
Vikram II 22 m (72 ft) 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) 4 595 kg (1,312 lb) 400 kg (880 lb) — Under-development since 2022[93]
Vikram III 22 m (72 ft) 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) 4 815 kg (1,797 lb) 580 kg (1,280 lb) — Under-development since 2022[93]

Iran

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Orbital launch systems of Iranian Space Agency
System Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Safir Small-lift 22 m (72 ft) 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in) 2 50 kg (110 lb) — Retired (2008-2019)[94]
Simorgh 25.9 m (85 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 2/3[e] 800 kg (1,800 lb) — Operational since 2016[95]
Qased 18.6 m (61 ft) 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in) 3 80 kg (180 lb) — Operational since 2020[96]
Qaem 100 Unknown Unknown 3 80 kg (180 lb) — Operational since 2022[97]
Zuljanah 25.5 m (84 ft) 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) 3 220 kg (490 lb) — Operational since 2021[98]

Japan

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ISAS

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Orbital launch systems of Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
System Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Lambda 4S[t] Small-lift 16.5 m (54 ft) 0.74 m (2 ft 5 in) 4 26 kg (57 lb) — Retired (1966-1970)[99]
M-4S [jp] 23.6 m (77 ft) 1.41 m (4 ft 8 in) 4 180 kg (400 lb) — Retired (1970-1972)[100]
MuRockets.svg
M-3C [jp] 20.2 m (66 ft) 1.41 m (4 ft 8 in) 3 195 kg (430 lb) — Retired (1974-1979)[101]
MuRockets.svg
M-3H [jp] 23.8 m (78 ft) 1.41 m (4 ft 8 in) 3 300 kg (660 lb) — Retired (1977-1978)[102]
MuRockets.svg
M-3S [jp] 23.8 m (78 ft) 1.41 m (4 ft 8 in) 3 300 kg (660 lb) — Retired (1980-1984)[103]
MuRockets.svg
M-3SII [jp] 27.8 m (91 ft) 1.41 m (4 ft 8 in) 3 770 kg (1,700 lb) — Retired (1985-1995)[104]
MuRockets.svg
M-V 30.8 m (101 ft) 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) 3 1,800 kg (4,000 lb) 1,300 kg (2,900 lb) — Retired (1997-2006)[105]
SS-520 9.54 m (31.3 ft) 0.52 m (1 ft 8 in) 3 4 kg (8.8 lb) — Operational since 2018)[106]

NASDA

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Orbital launch systems of National Space Development Agency of Japan
System Manufacturer Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
N-I MHI (production) McDonnell Douglas (design) Small-lift 34 m (112 ft) 2.44 m (8 ft 0 in) 2/3[e] 1,200 kg (2,600 lb) — 300 kg (660 lb) Retired (1975-1982)[107]
N-II Medium-lift 35 m (115 ft) 2.44 m (8 ft 0 in) 2/3[e] 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) — 730 kg (1,610 lb) Retired (1981-1987)[108]
H-I 42 m (138 ft) 2.44 m (8 ft 0 in) 2/3[e] 2,200 kg (4,900 lb) — 1,100 kg (2,400 lb) Retired (1981-1987)[109]
H-II MHI, Nissan, ATK 49 m (161 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 2 10,060 kg (22,180 lb) — 3,930 kg (8,660 lb) Retired (1994-1999[110]

JAXA

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Orbital launch systems of JAXA
System Manufacturer Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
H-IIA 202 MHI Medium-lift 53 m (174 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 2 10,000 kg (22,000 lb) — 4,100 kg (9,000 lb) Operational since 2001[111]
H-IIA 2024 53 m (174 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 2 Unknown — 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) Retired (2002-2008)[112]
H-IIA 2022 53 m (174 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 2 Unknown — 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) Retired (2005-2007)[113]
H-IIA 204 53 m (174 ft) 4 m (13 ft) 2 15,000 kg (33,000 lb) — 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) Retired (2006-2021)[114]
H-IIB 56.6 m (186 ft) 5.2 m (17 ft) 2 19,000 kg (42,000 lb) — 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) Retired (2009-2020)[115]
H3-22S 63 m (207 ft) 5.27 m (17.3 ft) 2 — 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) Operational since 2023)[116]
Epsilon IHI Corporation Small-lift 26 m (85 ft) 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) 3/4[c] 700 kg (1,500 lb) 590 kg (1,300 lb) — Operational since 2013[117]
Epsilon S 27.2 m (89 ft) 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) 4 1,400 kg (3,100 lb) 600 kg (1,300 lb) — Under-development since 2020[118] Unavailable

Japanese private agencies

[edit]
Orbital launch systems of various Japanese private agencies
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
KAIROS Space One Small-lift 18 m (59 ft) 1.35 m (4 ft 5 in) 4 250 kg (550 lb) 150 kg (330 lb) — Under-development since 2019[119] Unavailable
ZERO Interstellar Technologies 25 m (82 ft) 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) 2 — 250 kg (550 lb) — Under-development since 2023[120]
DECA Medium-lift 43 m (141 ft) 5 m (16 ft) 2 Unknown — — Under-development since 2023[121]

Russia

[edit]

This section includes former Soviet launch systems inherited by Russia. See #Soviet Union section for systems developed and operated exclusively by Soviet Union.

Roscosmos

[edit]
Orbital launch systems of Roscosmos
System Manufacturer Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO TLI
Angara-1.2 Khrunichev Medium-lift 42.2 m (138 ft) 2.9 m (9 ft 6 in) 2 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) 2,400 kg (5,300 lb) — Operational since 2014[122]
Angara A5 Heavy-lift 55.4 m (182 ft) 8.86 m (29.1 ft) 2/3[e] 24,000 kg (53,000 lb) — 7,500 kg (16,500 lb) Operational since 2014[123]
CORONA Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau Medium-lift Reusable 30 m (98 ft) 10 m (33 ft) 1 12,000 kg (26,000 lb) — 7,500 kg (16,500 lb) Under-development since 1992[124]
Soyuz-FG RKTs Progress Medium-lift 51 m (167 ft) 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) 3 6,900 kg (15,200 lb) — Retired (2001-2019)[125]
Soyuz-FG/Fregat 51 m (167 ft) 3.715 m (12.19 ft) 3/4[c] 7,800 kg (17,200 lb) — Retired (2003-2012)[125]
Soyuz-2.1a 46.3 m (152 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 3/4[c] 7,430 kg (16,380 lb) 6,130 kg (13,510 lb) — Operational since 2004[126]
Soyuz-2.1b 46.3 m (152 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 3/4[c] 8,600 kg (19,000 lb) 7,270 kg (16,030 lb) — 2,350 kg (5,180 lb) Operational since 2006[127]
Soyuz 2.1v 44 m (144 ft) 3 m (9.8 ft) 2/3[e] 2,850 kg (6,280 lb) — Retired (2013–2025)[128]

Soviet launch systems inherited by Russia

[edit]
Orbital launch systems inherited by Russia from Soviet Union
System Manufacturer Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Kosmos-3M KB Pivdenne (OKB-586) Small-lift 32.4 m (106 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 2 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) 775 kg (1,709 lb) — Retired
(1967-1992 Soviet Union; 1992-2010 Russia)[129]
Molniya-M RKTs Progress (TsSKB-Progress) Medium-lift 43.4 m (142 ft) 2.95 m (9 ft 8 in) 3 2,400 kg (5,300 lb) — Retired
(1965-1992 Soviet Union; 1992-2010 Russia)[130]
Soyuz-U 50.7 m (166 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 4 6,900 kg (15,200 lb) — Retired
(1973-1992 Soviet Union; 1992-2017 Russia)[131]
Soyuz-U2 34.54 m (113.3 ft) 2.95 m (9 ft 8 in) 2 7,050 kg (15,540 lb) — Retired
(1982-1992 Soviet Union; 1992-1995 Russia)[132] 		Unavailable

Lin Industrial projects

[edit]
Orbital launch systems of Lin industrial
System Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Adler Small-lift 28.1 m (92 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 2 700 kg (1,500 lb) — Under-development since 2014[133] Unavailable
Aldan 14.4 m (47 ft) 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) 2 100 kg (220 lb) — Under-development since 2014[134]
Aniva 11.06 m (36.3 ft) 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in) 2 90 kg (200 lb) — Under-development since 2014[135]
Taymyr-1A 16 m (52 ft) 1.25 m (4 ft 1 in) 2 12 kg (26 lb) — Under-development since 2015[136]
Vyuga Small-lift Spaceplane Unknown Unknown 2 450 kg (990 lb) — Under-development since 2015[137]

South Korea

[edit]

KARI

[edit]
Orbital launch systems of Korea Aerospace Research Institute
System Manufacturer Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Naro-1 (KSLV-I) Khrunichev (first stage) Small-lift 33 m (108 ft) 3 m (9.8 ft) 2 90 kg (200 lb) — Retired (2009-2013)[138]
Nuri (KSLV-II) Hanwha Aerospace (engine) and KAI (final assembly) 47.2 m (155 ft) 3.5 m (11 ft) 3 3,300 kg (7,300 lb) 2,200 kg (4,900 lb) 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) Operational since 2021[139]

South Korean private agencies

[edit]
Orbital launch systems of Iranian Space Agency
System Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
HANBIT-NANO Innospace Small-lift 21.8 m (72 ft) 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) 2 — 90 kg (200 lb) — Under-development since 2023[140] Unavilable
Blue Whale 1 Perigee Aerospace Small-lift Partially reusable 21 m (69 ft) 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) 2 150 kg (330 lb) 170 kg (370 lb) — Under-development since 2021[141] Unavilable

Soviet Union

[edit]

This section includes launch systems that were exclusively developed and operated by the Soviet Union. The systems which were inherited by successor states of Russia and Ukraine are excluded from here and can be found in their respective sections.

Orbital launch systems exclusively developed and operated by Soviet Union
System Manufacturer Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO
Sputnik 8K71PS OKB-1 (Energia) Small-lift 30 m (98 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 2 500 kg (1,100 lb) — Retired (1957)[142]
Sputnik 8A91 31.1 m (102 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 2 1,327 kg (2,926 lb) — Retired (1958)[142] Similar to 8K71PS above
Luna 8K72 Medium-lift 31.1 m (102 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 3 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) — Retired (1958-1960)[143] Unavailable
Vostok-L 30.84 m (101.2 ft) 2.60 m (8 ft 6 in) 2 4,550 kg (10,030 lb) — Retired (1960)[144]
Vostok-K 30.84 m (101.2 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 2 4,730 kg (10,430 lb) — Retired (1960-1964)[145]
Vostok-2 30.84 m (101.2 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 2 4,730 kg (10,430 lb) — Retired (1962-1967)[146]
Molniya Small-lift 43.44 m (142.5 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 4 1,800 kg (4,000 lb) — Retired (1960-1967)[147]
Polyot 30 m (98 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 1 1,400 kg (3,100 lb) — Retired (1963-1964)[148]
Voskhod Medium-lift 30.84 m (101.2 ft) 2.99 m (9 ft 10 in) 2 5,900 kg (13,000 lb) — Retired (1963-1976)[149]
Vostok-2M 38.76 m (127.2 ft) 2.58 m (8 ft 6 in) 3 5,100 kg (11,200 lb) 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) — Retired (1964-1991)[150]
Soyuz/Vostok 31 m (102 ft) 10.30 m (33.8 ft) 3 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) — Retired (1965-1966)[151] Unavailable
Soyuz 50.7 m (166 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 3 6,450 kg (14,220 lb) — Retired (1966-1976)[152]
Soyuz-L 50 m (160 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 2 5,500 kg (12,100 lb) — Retired (1970-1971)[152]
Soyuz-M 50 m (160 ft) 10.3 m (34 ft) 2 6,600 kg (14,600 lb) — Retired (1971-1976)[153]
Kosmos-1 OKB-586 (KB Pivdenne) Small-lift 26.3 m (86 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 2 1,400 kg (3,100 lb) — Retired (1964-1965)[154]
Kosmos-2 30 m (98 ft) 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) 2 450 kg (990 lb) — Retired (1966-1977)[155] Unavailable
Kosmos-3 26.3 m (86 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 2 1,400 kg (3,100 lb) — Retired (1966-1968)[156] Unavailable

United States

[edit]

NASA

[edit]

Blue Origin

[edit]

Northrop Grumman

[edit]

SpaceX

[edit]

United Launch Assurance

[edit]

Other United States' private agencies

[edit]

Others

[edit]

Other agencies with operational launch systems

[edit]
Operational orbital launch systems of various agencies
System Origin Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO TLI
Shavit 2 Israel IAI Small-lift 26.4 m (87 ft) 1.35 m (4 ft 5 in) 4 — 800 kg (1,800 lb) — Operational since 1988[157]
Electron New Zealand and United States Rocket Lab Small-lift 18 m (59 ft) 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) 3/4[e] 320 kg (710 lb) 200 kg (440 lb) — Operational since 2017[158]
Neutron Medium-lift Partially reusable 42.8 m (140 ft) 7 m (23 ft) 2 15,000 kg (33,000 lb)[u] — Under-development since 2022[159]
Unha North Korea NATA Small-lift 30 m (98 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 3 800 kg (1,800 lb) — Operational since 2012[160]
Chollima-1 36.2 m (119 ft) 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) 3 800 kg (1,800 lb) — Operational since 2023[161]

Other agencies with under-development launch systems

[edit]
Under-development Orbital launch systems of various other agencies
System Origin Provider Type Height Diameter Stages Payload capacity Status Picture
LEO SSO GTO TLI
Tronador II Argentina CONAE Small-lift 27 m (89 ft) 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) 2 600 kg (1,300 lb) — Under-development since 2016[162]
Eris-1 Australia Gilmour Space Technologies Small-lift 25 m (82 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 3 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) — Under-development since 2018[163]
VLM-1 Brazil AEB (operator), IAE (manufacturer) Small-lift 19.6 m (64 ft) 1.45 m (4 ft 9 in) 3 150 kg (330 lb) — Under-development since 2008[164]
DNLV Malaysia Independence-X Aerospace Small-lift 19.6 m (64 ft) 1.45 m (4 ft 9 in) 3 — 200 kg (440 lb) — Under-development since 2022[165] Unavailable
Haribon SLS-1 Philippines OrbitX Small-lift 12.02 m (39.4 ft) Unknown 3 200 kg (440 lb) — Under-development since 2021[166] Unavailable
Haas 3 Romania ARCAspace Small-lift Rockoon 16 m (52 ft) 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) 1 500 kg (1,100 lb) — Under-development since 2020[167] Unavailable
Volans Singapore Equatorial Space Systems Small-lift 30 m (98 ft) 2 m (6 ft 7 in) 2 500 kg (1,100 lb) — Under-development since 2022[168] Unavailable
HAPITH V Taiwan TiSPACE Small-lift 20 m (66 ft) 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in) 3 390 kg (860 lb) 350 kg (770 lb) — Under-development since 2021[169] Unavailable
HTTP-3A ARRC Small-lift 8.9 m (29 ft) 0.8 m (2 ft 7 in) 3 Unknown — Under-development since 2021[170] Unavailable

Unrealised systems

[edit]

This section includes unique and/or notable systems which never went orbital.

  • Spain Capricornio was an under-development Spanish launcher in the 1990s which was cancelled later.
  • Iraq Al-Abid was being developed by Ministry of Industry and Military Industrialization and Space research Centre during late 1990s that could have placed 300 kg satellite in Low-Earth orbit. It was abandoned after the Gulf War.
  • South Africa RSA-4 was an under-development ICMB doubling up as a space launch vehicle with first stage using a Peacekeeper class ICMB while Jericho-2/RSA-3's upper-stage components as second stage. It was cancelled in 1994.[171]
  • Japan J-I was developed by NASDA and ISAS in an attempt to reduce development costs by using booster from H-II as first stage and upper stage of Mu-3SII as second. It never flew in the final orbital capability configuration.
  • Japan GX was a two stage expendable launch system with Atlas Common Core as first stage and a second stage designed by IHI, using liquefied natural gas as fuel and liquid oxygen as an oxidizer. It could have been the only launch vehicle to use this combination of fuel and oxidizer before being abandoned in 2009.
  • United Kingdom Black Prince was a proposed rocket utilising the Blue Streak missile and the Black Knight test rocket programs.
  • United Kingdom Skylon was a concept of reusable Single-stage-to-orbit Spaceplane by Reaction Engines cancelled in 2024.
  • Soviet Union N1 was a super-heavy-lift Soviet rocket being developed in the 1960s as a counterpart to United States' Saturn V. Despite having the most powerful first stage of its time, it failed in all four launch attempts and never reached orbit.
  • West Germany OTRAG Rocket was an under-development West German modular rocket by OTRAG.

Summary

[edit]
Summary of orbital launch vehicles by country[v]
Country By status By lift Total
Operational Under
development 		Retired Small Medium Heavy Super
heavy
Argentina 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Australia 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Brazil 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
China 29 12 6 16 26 2 2 47
France 1 2 17 3 15 2 0 20
Germany 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 3
India 7 11 4 8 11 2 1 22
Iran 1 4 0 5 0 0 0 5
Israel 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Italy 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 3
Japan 4 4 15 13 10 0 0 23
Malaysia 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
North Korea 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 2
Philippines 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Romania 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Singapore 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
South Korea 1 2 1 4 0 0 0 4
Spain 0 4 0 3 1 0 0 4
Taiwan 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 2
UK 0 2 1 2 1 0 0 3
World 47 54 45 70 66 6 3 146

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Long March 2D and 12 only
  2. ^ Accordingly to use cases, the rocket was renamed in to two derivatives. Long March 2F/G, first launched in 2011, was made for crewed launches with a launch escape system; the uncrewed Long March 2F/T derivative which was designed for launching space laboratories is equipped with a larger fairing to accomodate bulkier payloads.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Fourth-stage is optional
  4. ^ 63.2 m (207 ft) with extended fairing
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Third-stage is optional
  6. ^ 52 m (171 ft) with extended fairing
  7. ^ optional 3rd stage allows direct injection to Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO).
  8. ^ 8A variant with increased capability for SSO is under development.
  9. ^ 10A reusable variant with only two stages for crewed/cargo Low-Earth orbit flights. First stage will have restartable engines, grid fins and tethered landing devices instead of legs for recovery.
  10. ^ 12A variant with reusability is planned.
  11. ^ Launches from sea barges are named as Ceres-1S
  12. ^ 21,000 kg (46,000 lb) in expendable mdode, 18,300 kg (40,300 lb) in downrage recovery, 12,500 kg (27,600 lb) in returning to launch site.
  13. ^ 5,800 kg (12,800 lb) for dual payload
  14. ^ 9,100 kg (20,100 lb) for dual payload
  15. ^ 9,700 kg (21,400 lb) for dual payload
  16. ^ 700 km (430 mi) orbit at 45.0° inclination
  17. ^ 22,800 kg (50,300 lb) partially reusable configuration; 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) fully reusable configuration
  18. ^ 8,300 kg (18,300 lb) partially reusable configuration; 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) fully reusable configuration
  19. ^ 4,200 kg (9,300 lb) partially reusable configuration
  20. ^ developed jointly by ISAS,
  21. ^ 13,000 kg (29,000 lb) while landing the booster downrange and up to 8,500 kg (18,700 lb) with the first stage returning to the launch site.
  22. ^ Soviet rockets inherited by its successor states of Russia and Ukraine are tallied under their respective countries.

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