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Helen Rosenau

Helen Rosenau (27 March 1900–October 1984) was a German-British historian of art and architecture.

Life

Helen Rosenau was born to Albert Rosenau (d. 1923), a medical doctor, and Klara (née Lion). She was raised in Monte Carlo and in Bad Kissingen, Germany. She was privately tutored, and received her abitur in Baden in 1923, after which she studied art history at various universities, including Munich under Heinrich Wölfflin, Halle, Berlin under Adolph Goldschmidt, Bonn under Paul Clemen and finally Hamburg under Erwin Panofsky. Her 1930 dissertation was accepted from the university in Hamburg on the topic of Cologne cathedral. from 1930 excavations and building research in the cathedrals in Bremen and Cologne as well as theGroßmünster church in Zürich.^[1] A research grant from the Notgemeinschaft Deutscher Wissenschaft supported prepartion for her Habilitation thesis on architectural designs.

She moved to the University in Münster with plans to write her Habilitation under Martin Wackernagel, but newly introduced Nazi laws curtailing the rights of Jewish citizens prevented Rosenau from completing in Germany.^[2] Rosenau and her mother left the country in April 1933, first for Switzerland and then on to the United Kingdom, where she became a British citizen by naturalisation in 1945.^[1] She succeeded in writing her habilitation, Design and Medieval Architecture, using a 1934–1935 stipend from the British Federation of University Women.

Rosenau continued study at the Courtauld Institute between 1935 and 1940, researching the architectural history of the synagogue. She married Zwi Carmi (1883–1900), a medical doctor in 1938.^[1] A Ph.D. degree was granted by the Courtauld in 1940. Rosenau worked at the London School of Economics in 1941 for the socialogist Karl Mannheim (1893-1947), researching the social place of women in the mirror of art. The result of this became one of the first feminist tracts in art history, a small booklet looking at women as subjects in art, Woman in Art: From Type to Personality. She became a naturalised British subject in 1945.

After the war, she lectured at a variety of universities, including the University of London, 1947–1951. During that time she published her first art history book in English, on the painter Jacques-Louis David, in 1948. She moved to the University of Manchester in 1951 where she researched the theory of the French Revolutionary architect Etienne Louis Boullée, editing and publishing his treatise, Architecture, Essai sur L'art, in 1953. Her The Ideal City in its Architectural Evolution was published in 1959. In 1968, she returned to the University of London lecturing there and at Leo Baeck College, a progressive London Jewish college Rabbinic institute.

Selected publications

Der kölner Dom: seine Baugeschichte und historische Stellung. Hamburg, 1930, published, Cologne, 1931 [dissertation]
Design and Medieval Architecture. London: B.T. Batsford, 1934 [habilitation]
"The Synagogue and Protestant Church Architecture." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 4, no. 1-2 (1940-1941): 80-84
Woman in Art: from Type to Personality. London: Isomorph, 1944
The Painter Jacques-Louis David. London: Nicholson & Watson, 1948
A Short History of Jewish Art. London,:J. Clarke, 1948
edited. Boullée, Etienne Louis. Treatise on Architecture: a Complete Presentation of the Architecture, essai sur l'art, which Forms Part of the Boullée Papers (Ms. 9153) in the Bibliothéque Nationale, Paris. London: A. Tiranti, 1953
The Ideal City in its Architectural Evolution. London: Routledge and Paul, 1959
Vision of the Temple: the Image of the Temple of Jerusalem in Judaism and Christianity. London: Oresko Books, 1979
Boullée & Visionary Architecture. London: Academy Editions, 1976

Secondary literature

Wendland, Ulrike. Biographisches Handbuch deutschsprachiger Kunsthistoriker im Exil: Leben und Werk der unter dem Nationalsozialismus verfolgten und vertriebenen Wissenschaftler. Munich: Saur, 1999, vol. 2, pp. 563-566
Metzger, Mendel. Gazette des Beaux-arts 105 (1985): 30
HIggott, Gordon. "Helen Rosenau: 1900-1984." Journal of Jewish Art 11 (1985): 79-80

^ ^a ^b ^c Wendland, Ulrike (1999). Biographisches Handbuch deutschsprachiger Kunsthistoriker im Exil: Leben und Werk der unter dem Nationalsozialismus verfolgten und vertriebenen Wissenschaftler. München: Saur. p. 563.
^ Olin, Margaret Rose (2001). The Nation without Art: Examining Modern Discourses on Jewish Art. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 240, n.6.

[:0-1] Wendland, Ulrike (1999). Biographisches Handbuch deutschsprachiger Kunsthistoriker im Exil: Leben und Werk der unter dem Nationalsozialismus verfolgten und vertriebenen Wissenschaftler. München: Saur. p. 563.

[2] Olin, Margaret Rose (2001). The Nation without Art: Examining Modern Discourses on Jewish Art. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 240, n.6.

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