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INRO Consultants, Inc.
Company typePrivate
IndustryComputer Software, Transportation forecasting, Transportation planning, Traffic simulation
FoundedMontreal, Quebec (1976)
HeadquartersMontreal, Quebec, Canada 45°28′42.7152″N 73°36′9.687″W / 45.478532000°N 73.60269083°W / 45.478532000; -73.60269083
Key people
Michael Florian, Founder/President
ProductsEmme, Dynameq, STAN
Websitewww.inrosoftware.com

INRO is the developer of the Emme transportation forecasting software, the Dynameq wide-area traffic simulation software, and the STAN strategic freight planning software. INRO was founded in 1976 as a consulting firm specialized in the application of operations research methods to transportation planning and logistics and since 1981 has focused on related software research and development. The company is currently headquartered in Westmount (Montréal), Quebec, Canada.[1]

Emme

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Emme is a software for transportation forecasting. It includes mapping and editing capabilities for the network, demand and related data artifacts involved in the transportation forecasting process, and a suite of tools that can be used to build transportation forecasting applications, including traditional Four step (trip generation, distribution, mode choice and route assignment) applications and variations thereof, as well as work with advanced methods including Activity-based models and others. The name is a bilingual acronym and palindrome in French and English: (E)quilibre (m)ultimode (m)ultimodal (e)quilibrium. Multimodal equilibrium refers to the network equilibrium concept associated with route assignment in transportation networks, across multiple modes of transport.

Product History

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  • EMME - v1: 1981
  • EMME/2 - v2 - v9.6: 1987-2007
  • Enif - 2000-2007 (Later incorporated into Emme 3)
  • Emme 3.0 - 3.4: 2007-Present Day

The first commercial versions of EMME/2 were implemented at Metro Portland and at the Stockholm County Council in 1983. Today Emme is used in more than 2500 cities in 84 countries. Emme was used to predict the impact of new river crossings in Brisbane, the Transmilenio bus rapid transit system in Bogotá, congestion charging in Singapore, and carpool lanes in Seattle.[2][3]

Scientific Foundations

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Emme emerged from research at the Université de Montréal at the Centre for Research on Transportation (CRT), now known as the Interuniversity Research Centre on Enterprise Networks, Logistics, and Transportation. The original aim of the EMME project was to demonstrate that a multi-modal traffic equilibrium model[4], solved by using rigorous optimization methods, can be implemented efficiently and validated as a proper transportation planning method[5]. The fixed and variable demand traffic assignment algorithms in Emme are based on the Wardrop principle for user optimal routing.[6]

The development of EMME/2[7] was begun at the CRT in 1980. It resulted in an interactive-graphic multi-modal transportation planning software that was based in part on EMME. The modeling components were improved as well with a new transit assignment method based on optimal strategies [8][9]. The theoretical study of the most general method implemented in EMME/2 recognized it to be a particular version of a variational inequality.[10]

The traffic assignment algorithms available in Emme were augmented with a path based assignment [11] and with parallel versions of the standard traffic assignment based on the linear approximation method. Congested transit assignments that account for crowding in vehicles and the vehicle capacity were introduced as well. [12][13]

Literature

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Published articles

  • M. Florian and S. Ngyuen, "An Application and Validation of Equilibrium Trip Assignment Methods", Transportation Science 10, pp. 374-390, 1976
  • M. Florian, "A Traffic Equilibrium Model of Travel by Car and Public Transit Modes", Transportation Science 21, pp.166-179, 1977
  • M. Florian and S. Nguyen, "A Combined Trip Distribution, Modal Split and Trip Assignment Model", Transportation Research 12, pp. 241-246, 1978
  • M. Florian, R. Chapleau, S. Nguyen, L. James-Lefebvre, S. Galarneau, J. Lefebvre and C. Fisk, "Validation and Application of EMME", Transportation Research Record 19, 1979
  • A. Babin, M. Florian, L. James-Lefebvre and H. Spiess, "EMME/2 an Interactive Graphic Method for Road and Transit Planning", Transportation Research Record 866, pp.1-9, 1982
  • M. Florian and H. Spiess), "The Convergence of Diagonalization Algorithms for Asymmetric Network Equilibrium Problems", Transportation Research 16B (6), pp.477-484, 1982
  • H. Spiess and M. Florian, "Optimal Strategies: a New Assignment Model for Transit Networks", Transportation Research 23B, pp.83-102, 1983
  • M. Florian and H. Spiess, "On Binary Mode Choice/Assignment Models", Transportation Science 17 (1), pp.32-47, 1983
  • P. Metaxos, D. Boyce, M. Florian and I. Constantin, "An Implementation of a Combined Trip Distribution and User Equilibrium Traffic Assignment Model in the EMME/2 System", Transportation Research Record 1493, pp.57-63, 1995
  • M. Cepeda, R. Cominetti and M. Florian, "A Frequency-based Assignment Model for Congested Transit Networks with Strict Capacity Constraints: Characterization and Computation of Equilibri", Transportation Research B 40, pp.437-459, 2006
  • M Florian, I. Constantin and D. Florian, "A new look at the projected gradient method for solving the network equilibrium problem", Transportation Research Record, Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2090, 118, pp.10-16, 2009
  • M. Florian and S. He, "Changing assignment algorithms: The price of better convergence", Transportation Research Record, Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2011

Research theses

  • S. Nguyen, Une approche unifiée des méthodes d’équilibre pour l’affectation du trafic, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 1974
  • H. Spiess, Contributions à la théorie et aux outils de planification des réseaux de transport urbain, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 1985
  • D. Larin, Le traitement théorique et pratique de partitions polygonales de l’espace bidimensionnel, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 1988
  • I. Constantin, L’optimisation des fréquences dans un réseau de transport en commun, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 1992
  • Y. Noriega, Optimisation des fréquences dans un réseau de transport en commun avec congestion, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 2000
  • M. Cepeda, Modèles d’affectation de transport en commun avec capacité, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 2002

Conference presentations[14]

Selected applications and research done with Emme[15]

  • P. Vovsha, P. Volet and R. Donnelly, Modeling Toll Roads with Emme, Parsons Brinckerhoff and TraVol, 20th International Emme Users' Conference, 2006

References

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  1. ^ Le Québec: pionnier des transports actifs et collectifs by Gabrielle Duchaine, La Presse, 1 December 2011
  2. ^ Le Québec: pionnier des transports actifs et collectifs by Gabrielle Duchaine, La Presse, 1 December 2011
  3. ^ http://www.inrosoftware.com/en/community/cities.php
  4. ^ "A Traffic Equilibrium Model of Travel by Car and Public Transit Modes" by Michael Florian, Transportation Science 21, pp.166-179, 1977
  5. ^ "Validation and Application of EMME” by M. Florian, R. Chapleau, S. Nguyen, L. James-Lefebvre, S. Galarneau, J. Lefebvre and C. Fisk, Transportation Research Record 19, 1979
  6. ^ "Network Equilibrium Models and Algorithms" by Michael Florian and David Hearn in Chapter 6 of Network Routing, Ed. Michael Ball, et al., Elsevier, 1995
  7. ^ "EMME/2 an Interactive Graphic Method for Road and Transit Planning" by A. Babin, M. Florian, L. James-Lefebvre and H. Spiess, Transportation Research Record 866, pp.1-9, 1982
  8. ^ "The Convergence of Diagonalization Algorithms for Asymmetric Network Equilibrium Problems" by Michael Florian and Heinz Spiess, Transportation Research 16B, pp.477-484, 1982
  9. ^ Contributions à la théorie et aux outils de planification des réseaux de transport urbain by Heinz Spiess, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 1985
  10. ^ “On Binary Mode Choice/Assignment Models” by M. Florian and H. Spiess, Transportation Science 17 (1), pp.32-47, 1983
  11. ^ "A new look at the projected gradient method for solving the network equilibrium problem" by Michael Florian, Isabelle Constantin and Daniel Florian, Transportation Research Record, Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2090, 118 p. 10-16, 2009
  12. ^ "A Frequency-based Assignment Model for Congested Transit Networks with Strict Capacity Constraints: Characterization and Computation of Equilibria" by M. Cepeda, R. Cominetti, M. Florian, Transportation Research B 40, pp.437-459, 2006
  13. ^ Modèles d’affectation de transport en commun avec capacité by Manuel Cepeda, Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle, Université de Montréal, 2002
  14. ^ | INRO Library
  15. ^ | INRO Library
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