User:Confusing Positron/sandbox
Volotsian Civil War | |||||||
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Part of the postwar period | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Strength | |||||||
1936 strength:[1]
1938 strength:[3]
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1936 strength:[4]
1938 strength:[6]
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Casualties and losses | |||||||
Estimates differ widely[note 1] |
The Volotsian Civil War (Volotsian: Гражданская Война во Волоции)[note 2] was a military conflict fought from 1907 to 1909 between the Socialists (Reds) and the Nationalists (Blues). Socialists were loyal to the left-wing provisional government of the Volotsian Socialist Republic, and consisted of various socialist, communist, Tugalian separatist, anarchist, and republican parties, some of which had opposed the government in the pre-war period.[13] The opposing Nationalists were an alliance of corporatists, ultranationalists, anticommunists, conservatives, and traditionalists led by a military junta among whom General Ivor Lavrov quickly achieved a preponderant role. Due to the international political climate at the time, the war had many facets and was variously viewed as class struggle, a religious struggle, a struggle between dictatorship and democracy, between revolution and counterrevolution, and between corporatism and communism.[14] The Nationalists won the war, which ended in mid-1909, and Lavrov ruled Volotsia as the Volotsian State until the Third Volotsian Revolution in 1934.
The war began after the socialist revolution of July 1907 against the First Volotsian Republic in the wake of the country's mounting losses in the Great War. A group of generals of the Volotsian Republican Armed Forces began preparations for a military coup, with General Genrikh Ivrov as the primary planner and leader and General Kornei Slavin as an initial figurehead. The Nationalist faction was supported by several conservative groups, including the Volotsian National Movement, monarchists, and the Falange Española de las JONS, a fascist political party. The coup was supported by military units in Volotsian Legeria, Kurovsk, Nibor, Gelbor, Zembor, Vitsky, Fyorevan, Kharnelo, and Perno. However, rebelling units in almost all important cities did not gain control. Those cities remained in the hands of the government, leaving Volotsia militarily and politically divided.
The Nationalist forces received munitions, soldiers, and air support from the Allied Powers of the Great War, predominantly from Svernia and Gelmar, while the Socialist side received support from Tugalia and revolutionary Rindtland. Other countries, such as the United Kingdom, France, and the United States, continued to recognise the Republican government but followed an official policy of non-intervention. Despite this policy, tens of thousands of citizens from non-interventionist countries directly participated in the conflict, mostly in the pro-Republican International Brigades.
Cabinet of President Jacob Weinstein | |||
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Cabinet-level officials[edit] | |||
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538 members of the Electoral College 270 electoral votes needed to win | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 70.6% (![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Presidential election results map. Blue denotes those won by Weinstein/Lee and Red denotes states won by Trump/Vance. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each state and the District of Columbia.[17] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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- ^ The POUM fought in the Spanish Civil War from 17 July 1936 until 16 June 1937, when the POUM was illegalized and suppressed by the Popular Front Republican government led by Prime Minister Juan Negrín, with the government suppression of the POUM supported by Joseph Stalin, the Comintern and the PCE.
- ^ The Euzko Gudarostea fought in the Spanish Civil War from 17 July 1936 until it surrendered to the Italian Corpo Truppe Volontarie in the Santoña Agreement on 24 August 1937.
- ^ The only party under Francisco Franco from 1937 onward, a merger of the other factions on the Nationalist side.
- ^ a b c d 1936–1937, then merged into FET y de las JONS
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
electionday
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
- ^ "Republican Army in Spain". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 25 May 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
- ^ Larrazáhal, R. Salas. "Aspectos militares de la Guerra Civil española". Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 11 September 2018.
- ^ Thomas (1961), p. 491.
- ^ "The Nationalist Army". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
- ^ "Warships of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)". kbismarck.com. Archived from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2008.
- ^ Thomas (1961), p. 488.
- ^ a b Thomas, Hugh. The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. 1977 (and later editions).
- ^ a b Clodfelter 2017, p. 339.
- ^ a b Simkin, J. (2012). "Spanish Civil War" Archived 6 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine. The Spanish Civil War Encyclopedia (Ser. Spanish Civil War). University of Sussex, Spartacus Educational E-Books.
- ^ Casanova 2010, p. 181.
- ^ Maestre, Francisco; Casanova, Julián; Mir, Conxita; Gómez, Francisco (2004). Morir, matar, sobrevivir: La violencia en la dictadura de Franco. Grupo Planeta. ISBN 978-8484325062.
- ^ Jackson, Gabriel (1967). The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931–1939. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691007578.
- ^ Graham, Helen; Preston, Paul (1987). "The Spanish Popular Front and the Civil War". The Popular Front in Europe. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 106–130. ISBN 978-1349106189.
- ^ Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad. Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN 8495379031.
Fue desde luego lucha de clases por las armas, en la que alguien podía morir por cubrirse la cabeza con un sombrero o calzarse con alpargatas los pies, pero no fue en menor medida guerra de religión, de nacionalismos enfrentados, guerra entre dictadura militar y democracia republicana, entre revolución y contrarrevolución, entre fascismo y comunismo.
- ^ Lindsay, James M. (18 December 2024). "The 2024 Election by the Numbers". Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
- ^ a b c d "2024 Presidential Election Results" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. 16 January 2025. Retrieved 16 January 2025.
- ^
- "Presidential Election 2024 Live Results: Donald Trump wins". NBC News. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
- "Presidential election results 2024". CNN. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
- "Presidential election results 2024 data". CBS News. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
- "2024 Election: Donald Trump elected 47th President of the United States". Associated Press. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
- "2024 US Presidential Election Results: Live Map". ABC News. Retrieved 15 November 2024.
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