User:Chmess/sandbox

Gyda
Gyda
Кят Таймир'жа
Pronunciation	kæt taj.mir.ða
Native to	Russia
Region	Krasnoyarsk Krai
Ethnicity	943 Gyda people (2010 census)[citation needed]
Native speakers	120 (2019)
Language family	language isolate Gyda;
Writing system	Cyrillic, Latin
Official status
Recognised minority; language in	Russia
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

DISCLAIMER: This language is a constructed language created by me. In no way is this language or other content about Gyda in any way factual or real.

This is the user sandbox of Chmess. A user sandbox is a subpage of the user's user page. It serves as a testing spot and page development space for the user and is not an encyclopedia article. Create or edit your own sandbox here.

Other sandboxes: Main sandbox | Template sandbox

Finished writing a draft article? Are you ready to request review of it by an experienced editor for possible inclusion in Wikipedia? Submit your draft for review!

The Gyda /ˈɡədə/ language, formerly known as Taymyr or Taymyr Ket^[2] is a Siberian language thought to be an isolate, though some have speculated it is related to the Yeniseian languages. It is spoken along the Taymyr and Gyda Peninsulas by the Gyda people.

The language is threatened with extinction—the number of ethnic Gyda that are native speakers of the language dropped from 2,544 in 1931 to 773 in 1970. According to the UNESCO census, this number has since fallen to 485. A 2005 census reported 350 native speakers, but this number is suspected to be inflated.^[3] According to a local news source, the number of remaining Gyda speakers is around 100 to 150.^[4]

Consonants

Gyda has a large^[5] number of consonants, with voicing distinctions in only the alveolars, and lablialization distinctions in all non-labial nor glottal consonants.

Between the six dialects of Gyda, there is a lack of variation in the consonant inventory.^[6] Below is the inventory of the standard dialect, Pyasin Gyda.^[7]

**Consonant phonemes**
		Labial	Dental		Alveolar		Post-alveolar		Dorsal		Glottal
		Labial	plain	lab.	plain	lab.	plain	lab.	plain	lab.	Glottal
Nasal		m			n	nʷ			ŋ	ŋʷ
Plosive		p			t	tʷ			k	kʷ
Affricate					ts		tʃ	tʃʷ
Fricative	unv.	f			s	sʷ	ʃ^[α]	ʃʷ^[β]			h
Fricative	voiced		ð	ðʷ	z	zʷ
Approximant					l	lʷ			j	w
Trill	unv.				r̥	r̥ʷ
Trill	voiced				r	rʷ

^ Pronounced as /sʲ/ in Novaya and Nordenskiöld Gyda, a feature carried over from Old Gyda.
^ In Yavay and Pyasin Gyda, labialized /ʃ/ (or /ʃ/ before rounded vowels) has a dental pronunciation /θ/.

Vowels

The vowels of Gyda are largely consistent across dialects, and vowel allophony has been observed to be largely restricted.^[8]

Sounds in parentheses means they are dialect-specific. See notes for details.

**Vowel phonemes**
	Front	Central	Back
Close	i y	(ɨ)^{[note 1]}	u
Mid	e ø^{[note 2]}	ə	ɤ o
Open-mid	(ɛ)^{[note 3]}
Open	æ		ɑ

^ Replaces /ə/ due to raising in Pajtarac, Yavay, and Novaya Gyda.
^ Replaces /y/ in Oosti Gyda. (/ø/ is still a separate phoneme in all other dialects.)
^ Replaces /æ/ in Nordenskiöld and Severnaya Gyda. Is also an allophone of /e/ in most dialects.

References

^ "Последний бард последнего народа". 10 September 2019.
^ Bauer, Laurie (2007). The Linguistic Student's Handbook. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
^ "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-06-03.
^ "Таймыры и их язык". Последний Бой (in Russian). 2019-09-10. Retrieved 2021-04-22.
^ [1] WALS Online page for Gyda.
^ Jannson, Torr (1999). "Studies on the dialects of Gyda". Phonology: 22. ISSN 0525-3355.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: ignored ISSN errors (link)
^ Kanalsky, Rissou (1994). "A Brief Look into Literary Gyda". Phonology: 13. ISSN 0559-3355.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: ignored ISSN errors (link)
^ Fajda, Arnen (1988). A Descriptive Grammar of Gyda (Taymyr Ket). ISSN 4178-8478.

[sj-8] Pronounced as /sʲ/ in Novaya and Nordenskiöld Gyda, a feature carried over from Old Gyda.

[th-9] In Yavay and Pyasin Gyda, labialized /ʃ/ (or /ʃ/ before rounded vowels) has a dental pronunciation /θ/.

[replschwa-11] Replaces /ə/ due to raising in Pajtarac, Yavay, and Novaya Gyda.

[repl-y-12] Replaces /y/ in Oosti Gyda. (/ø/ is still a separate phoneme in all other dialects.)

[raiseae-13] Replaces /æ/ in Nordenskiöld and Severnaya Gyda. Is also an allophone of /e/ in most dialects.

[e18-1] "Последний бард последнего народа". 10 September 2019.

[Bauer-2] Bauer, Laurie (2007). The Linguistic Student's Handbook. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

[3] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2016-06-03.

[4] "Таймыры и их язык". Последний Бой (in Russian). 2019-09-10. Retrieved 2021-04-22.

[WALS-5] [1] WALS Online page for Gyda.

[6] Jannson, Torr (1999). "Studies on the dialects of Gyda". Phonology: 22. ISSN 0525-3355.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: ignored ISSN errors (link)

[7] Kanalsky, Rissou (1994). "A Brief Look into Literary Gyda". Phonology: 13. ISSN 0559-3355.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: ignored ISSN errors (link)

[10] Fajda, Arnen (1988). A Descriptive Grammar of Gyda (Taymyr Ket). ISSN 4178-8478.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[α]

[β]

[8]

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]