User:CLLBDK/sandbox
Number of participating clubs of the Europa Conference League
[edit]A total of 57 clubs from 36 national associations have played in or qualified for the Europa Conference League group stage. Season in bold represents teams qualified for the knockout phase that season.
PWD Bamenda
[edit]Some supporters of PWD Bamenda claim that the club represents the Anglophone Cameroonian population of the country.[1]
JS Kabylie
[edit]In Algeria, the football club JS Kabylie (JSK) represents the Berber identity.[2][3][4][5] During the 1976–77 Algerian Cup final between JS Kabylie and NA Hussein Dey, JSK fans protested the Arabization policies of Houari Boumédiène while he was present at the stadium.[3][4][5]
Cezayir Bağımsızlık Savaşı Türkiye'nin Rolü
[edit]Until the 1960 Turkish coup d'état, Turkey supported France in UN votes since they were NATO allies. Nonetheless, the first covert military aid from Turkey to Algeria occured in 1957 and it was uncovered in 1999 during a visit by President Süleyman Demirel to Algeria.[6] The Turkish foreign policy after 1960 was favorable towards the Algerian cause. On July 31, 1960, Prime Minister Cemal Gürsel said: "I have been following with close interest the noble and heroic struggles of the Algerians for a long time."[7] On September 16, 1960, some members of the National Unity Committee issued a statement declaring their support for the Algerian Liberation Movement. In a 1995 interview, Alparslan Türkeş said that Turkey sent Algeria 20 thousand rifles and 200 cannons[8] since "Algeria was from the former Ottoman province and its people were Muslims. It was also natural to expect support from Muslim countries. However, the expected support was not given at the time of the Democrat Party. Algerians maintained their contacts with the world mostly through Libyan embassies. The Revolutionary government contacted the Algerian Liberation Movement through the Libyan embassy in Ankara. The Algerian delegation of three, including a lady, came to Ankara. Türkeş met with the delegation. The delegation requested ammunition from Turkey. Türkeş promised to send a large amount of ammunition. The weapons were sent to Libya by ship, and from there to the Algerian Liberation Movement."[9] Algeria–Turkey relations began to normalize after the then Prime Minister Turgut Özal, who visited Algeria in 1985, apologized to Algeria for Turkey's stance in the UN votes in the 1950s.[7]
Refah-Cezayir
[edit]In the 1990s, both Algeria and Turkey had similar secular military and Islamist tensions. The Algerian military's intervention led to the repression of FIS and the subsequent Algerian Civil War in 1992 and the Turkish military forced the resignation of the Erbakan government and the banned the Welfare Party.[10] Since the tensions between the military and the Islamist party led to a civil war in Algeria, Necmettin Erbakan said "Turkey will not turn into Algeria" in 1992[11] and 1997[12]. But on May 10, 1997 Welfare Party Şanlıurfa MP İbrahim Halil Çelik threatened that "If you try to close the İmam Hatip schools under the RP government, blood will be spilled. It would be worse than Algeria."[13] Erbakan and his associates developed ties with FIS and when Erbakan visited the American Muslim Council in October 1994, he engaged with FIS representatives.[14]
- ^ Pannenborg, Arnold (2012). Big men playing football : money, politics and foul play in the African game. Leiden. p. 33. ISBN 978-90-5448-118-8. OCLC 848768009.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Pannenborg, Arnold (2012). Big men playing football : money, politics and foul play in the African game. Leiden. pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-90-5448-118-8. OCLC 848768009.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Mezahi, Maher (17 June 2022). "Protest on the Pitch". Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ a b Mezahi, Maher (2015-02-26). "JS Kabylie's return after Albert Ebossé's death shows lessons have not been learned". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-04-04.
- ^ a b Correia, Mickaël (2019-05-15). "The Soccer Fans That Toppled a Government". ISSN 0027-8378. Retrieved 2023-04-04.
- ^ "42 yıl sonra açıklanan tarihi gerçek : Türkiye Cezayir'e silah vermiş". www.hurriyet.com.tr (in Turkish). 28 January 1999. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- ^ a b Hür, Ayşe (4 February 2012). "Türkiye'nin Cezayir Konusunda Alnı Ak mı?". Bianet. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- ^ "Türkeş 55 yıl önce Cezayir'e silah göndermiş!". takvim.com.tr (in Turkish). 3 June 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- ^ Cengiz, Oğuzhan (2020). Alparslan Türkeş - Başbuğ (in Turkish). Bilgeoğuz Yayınları. p. 98.
- ^ Esposito, John L. (2000). "Islam and Civil Society". RSC Working Papers.
- ^ "'Türkiye, Cezayir Olmaz'". Milliyet. 7 November 1992.
- ^ "Erbakan: Türkiye Cezayir olmaz". Milliyet (in Turkish). 14 May 1997. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- ^ Armutçu, Oya (17 November 1997). "Erbakan tutuklanabilir". Hürriyet. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- ^ Robins, Philip (1997). "Turkish foreign policy under Erbakan". Survival. 39 (2): 82–100. doi:10.1080/00396339708442913.