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ANSWERS TO MODULE 7 QUESTIONS: 1. A photograph of a park monument 2. Yes, it's my own work. 3. JPEG 4. Creative Commons License 5. Monument, Park, Korea, Australian in the 2010s, Australia, Mount Druitt. 6. "Korea-Australia peace Enchantment and Pacific war Vietnam park monument"
Practising citation
Emerick’s secondary chapter provides a historical background relating to the care and preservation of ancient monuments.[1]
I aim to use the book Ancient monuments under the section of “Types of monuments” as it provides a myriad of megalithic, ancient Roman and Greek and early Middle Eastern monument examples.[2]
Cooper's article discusses how despite the protections acts, ancient monuments and archaeological site destruction by deliberate acts are widespread.[3]
Timothy highlights the different types of tourism,the place archaeology and ancient monuments have in this global marketplace and the iconography, renovation and preservation.[4]
previous stub (pre-editing):
Ancient monuments are defined by the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979[5] as
- any scheduled monument (of which there are currently more than 20,000[6]); and
- any other monument which in the opinion of the Secretary of State is of public interest by reason of the historic, architectural, traditional, artistic or archaeological interest attaching to it.
Although the term ancient monument is used, the current definition places no requirement on the monument being old, and some would be considered modern: for example, the Greenham Common Cruise Missile Shelter is an ancient monument (it is a scheduled monument).[7][8] The terms date back to the original Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882 when only truly 'ancient' monuments were considered for protection, all of pre-medieval age.
The term monument is widely defined, and can be anything that is:
- A building or structure, cave or excavation which is above or below the surface of the land; or on / under the sea bed within UK territorial waters (or a site that contains the remains of one).
- A site comprising any vehicle, vessel, aircraft or other moveable structure (or contains the remains of one).[5]
Some ancient monuments are unusual, for example a scale-model replica of the Mohne Dam in Hertfordshire is a scheduled monument, and thus an 'ancient monument'.[7][9]
Scheduled monuments receive enhanced legal protection, and permission is required for works relating to them. Even if not a scheduled monument, there are still legal powers relating to ancient monuments: for example, they may be subject to compulsory purchase by the government.[10] It is a criminal offence to damage an ancient monument which is owned by a public body, just as it is a criminal offence to damage any scheduled monument.[11]
| Type | Monument |
|---|
| General information | |
|---|---|
| Status | ... |
- ^ Emerick, Keith (2014). Conserving and Managing Ancient Monuments: Heritage, Democracy and Inclusion. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 71–114.
- ^ Priwer & Phillips, Shana & Cynthia (2015). Ancient monuments. Routledge.
- ^ Cooper, Malcolm A (1 March 2008). "This is not a Monument: Rhetorical Destruction and the Social Context of Cultural Resource Management". Public Archaeology. 7 (1): 17–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1179/175355308X305997.
{{cite journal}}: Check|doi=value (help); External link in|doi= - ^ Timothy, Dallen J. (2011). Cultural heritage and tourism : an introduction. Bristol: Channel View Publications. ISBN 13: 9781845411763..
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help) - ^ a b "Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979". 4 April 1979. Retrieved 28 February 2012.
- ^ "Scheduled Monuments" (PDF). Department for Culture, Media and Sport. March 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-12-04. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
- ^ a b Historic England (10 October 2016). ""I'm Sorry But What Is a Scheduled Monument?"". The Historic England Blog.
- ^ Historic England. "Cruise missile shelter complex, Greenham Common Airbase (1021040)". National Heritage List for England.
- ^ Historic England. "Replica of the Mohne Dam, in the grounds of the Building Research Establishment, Garston (1020749)". National Heritage List for England.
- ^ Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 section 10
- ^ Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 section 28