User:Azizalshalfan/sandbox

DRAFT - Unit 2 - Wiki Project - Abdulaziz Alshalfan

Below Sub-Sub-title: Effects of globalization on disease in the modern world

*another example of disease spread by modern transportation

Another example of the potency of modern modes of transportation in increasing the spread of disease is the 1918 Spanish Flu pandemic. Global transportation, back in the early 20th century, was able to spread a virus because the network of transmittance and trade was already global. The virus was found on crew members of ships and trains, and all the infected employees spread the virus everywhere they traveled. As a result, almost 50-100 million people died of this global transmission.

*information about vaccines

Since vaccines are made partly from the virus itself, when an unknown virus is introduced into the environment, it takes time for the medical community to formulate a curable vaccine. The lack of operational and functional research and data, which provide a quicker and more strategized pathway to a reliable vaccine, makes for a lengthy vaccine development timeline. Even though frameworks are set-up and preparations plans are utilized to decrease the Covid-19 cases, a vaccine is the only way to ensure complete immunization. Some systems like the IIS, Immunization Information System, help give preliminary structure for quick responses to outbreaks and unknown viruses. These systems employ past data and research-based on modern world vaccine development successes.

*short economic globalization paragraph

Even during pandemics, it is vital to recognize economic globalization in being a catalyst in the spread of the coronavirus. Economic factors are especially damaged by increased global lockdown regulations and trade blockades. As transportation globalized, economies expanded. Internalized economies saw great financial opportunities in global trade. With increased interconnectivity among economies and the globalization of the world economy, the spread of the coronavirus maximized the potentiality of global recessions. The coronavirus pandemic caused many economic disruptions, which caused a functional disconnect in the supply chain and the flow of goods. As transportation modes are relevant to the spread of infectious diseases, it is important to also recognize the importance of the economy being the motor of this globalized transmission system.

Below Sub-title: COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) worldwide crisis

The virus outbreak originated in Wuhan, China. It was first detected back in December of 2019, which is why scientists called it Covid-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). This outbreak has since caused a health issue in the city of Wuhan, China which evolved into a global pandemic. The World Health Organization officially declared it a pandemic back on March 11, 2020.

As of May 2020, scientists believe that the coronavirus, a zoonotic disease, is linked to the wet markets in China. Epidemiologists have also warned of the virus's contagiousness. Specialists have declared that the spread of SARS-Cov-2 is still unknown. The generally accepted notion among virologists and experts is that the action of inhaling droplets from an infected person is most likely the way SARS-Cov-2 is spreading. As more people travel and more goods and capital are traded globally, Covid-19 cases started to slowly appear all over the world.

Some of the symptoms that Covid-19 patients could experience is shortness of breath (which might be a sign of pneumonia), cough, fever, and diarrhea. The three most recorded and common symptoms are fever, tiredness, and coughing, as reported by the World Health Organization. Covid-19 is also categorized among the viruses that can show no symptoms in the carrier. Asymptomatic Covid-19 carriers transmitted the virus to many people which eventually did show symptoms, some being deadly.

The first number of cases was detected in Wuhan, China, the origin of the outbreak. On December 31, 2019, Wuhan Municipal Health Commission announced to the World Health Organization that the number of pneumonia cases that have been previously detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province is now under investigation. Proper identification of a novel coronavirus was developed and reported, making the pneumonia cases in China the first reported actual cases of Covid-19. As of May 27, 2020, there are around 5.8 million confirmed Covid-19 cases around the world. Confirmed deaths as a result of Covid-19 is just under 360,000 globally. Almost 2.5 million of the 5.8 million confirmed Covid-19 cases have successfully recovered. Countries showing lack of preparation and awareness back in January and February of 2020 are now reporting the highest numbers of Covid-19 cases. The United States leads the worldwide count with almost 1.75 confirmed cases. Deaths in The United States have just crossed 100,000, the highest death count in any country to date. Brazil, Russia, Spain, UK, and Italy have all suffered because of the increase in cases, leading to a crippled health system unable to attend so many sick people at one time.

The first-ever confirmed case of Covid-19 in the United States was in Washington State back on January 21, 2020. It was a man who had just returned from China. Following this incident, on January 31, 2020, Trump announced that travel to and from China is restricted, effective on February 2, 2020. On March 11, 2020, Trump issues executive order to restrict travel from Europe, except for the UK and Ireland. On May 24, 2020, Trump bans travel from Brazil, as Brazil becomes the new center of the coronavirus pandemic. International restrictions were set to decrease international entities of entering a country, potentially carrying the virus. This is because governments understand that with the accessibility in travel and free trade, any person can travel and carry the virus to a new environment. Recommendations to U.S. travelers have been set by the State Department. As of March 19, 2020, some countries have been marked Level 4 “do not travel”. The coronavirus pandemic travel restrictions have effected almost 93% of the global population. Increased travel restrictions effectively aid multilateral and bilateral health organization to control the number of confirmed cases of Covid-19.

Below New Sub-title: Economic globalization and disease

Globalization is multifaceted in implementation and is objective in the framework and systemic ideology. Infectious diseases spread mainly as a result of the modern globalization of many and almost all industries and sectors. Economic globalization is the interconnectivity of world economies and the interdependency of internal and external supply chains. With the advancement of science and technology, the possibility of economic globalization is enabled even more. Economic factors have been defined by global boundaries rather than national. The cost of activities of economic measures has been significantly decreased as a result of the advancements in the fields of technology and science, slowly creating an interconnected economy lacking centralized integration. As economies increase levels of integration and singularity within the partnership, any global financial and economic disruptions would cause a global recession. Collateral damage is further observed with the increase in integrated economic activity. Countries lean more on economic benefits than health benefits, which lead to a miscalculated and ill-reported health issue.

***I've added the links and citations.

Jasmine Shells is the Co-founder and CEO of Five to Nine, a woman and minority-owned enterprise SaaS platform based in Chicago, Illinois. Five to Nine is a solution that works to increase employee connectivity in the workplace and helps administrative circles measure that within their own employee engagement programs.

Prior to Five to Nine, Shells worked as an information technology and risk advisory agent at Ernst & Young. She also worked as an experience design manager at Future Founders, a non-profit organization empowering youth to become entrepreneurs. At Future Founders, Shells assumed the role of director of Discover, an initiative helping raise awareness of entrepreneurship among elementary and high school students.

Shells decided to start Five to Nine based on her previous experience with underdeveloped, negative, and bad company cultures. These company cultures promoted inactive participation from employees and that made Shells discontent and frustrated. That’s why she started Five to Nine, a platform that promotes active employee participation. For an employee to succeed professional and socially, companies must properly measure and attend to the needs of their employees. With Five to Nine, Shells aims to help employees and companies to achieve that perfect balance.

Of the services that Five to Nine offers, the most important is to create an element of inclusivity and connectivity rooted in company culture. They also do leadership training, surveying and collection of data analytics, and content creation.

Five to Nine was co-founded by Shells in 2018. It continues to run, and the Five to Nine team has raised around $175,000 after running 3 funding rounds. The latest funding round was in Sep 1, 2019. Currently, Five to Nine has four investors among which is Quake Capital Partners.

Shells was chosen to be in the Forbes 30 under 30, in the Enterprise Technology category. She is 29 years old and lives in Chicago, Illinois. She is the head Five to Nine and with her are the three other members of the Five to Nine team. She graduated from the University of Notre Dame with a bachelor’s in accounting and international business. She also received her master of business administration from the University of Chicago. Shells is also a TEDx Speaker and a US Department of State Fellow.  In her spare time, Shells enjoys salsa dancing and traveling around the world.