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Biotinidase Deficiency Biotinidase deficiency is an inherited disorder that affects how the body is able to process biotin. People will be diagnosed for biotinidase deficiency before they start showing symptoms. The symptoms presented include developmental delay, hair loss, seizures, and skin rash. Treatment for biotinidase deficiency is biotin supplementation therapy every day. The treatment demonstrated developmental delay improvement within weeks of therapy.

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) A risk factor for delayed milestones are infants that have direct contact with their mother's fluids who are HIV positive or suspected and become infected. There is improvement with developmental milestones for infected infants treated by antiretroviral therapy compared to infected infants who are not. Important to note, infected infants treated for HIV demonstrated delayed milestones compared to infants who are not infected with HIV.

Inherited Metabolism Disorder There are children with inherited metabolism disorders that can be treated to help improve development. According to the study, treatments included the following types of therapies:

• dietary restrictions/supplement
• co-factor/-enzyme
• vitamin
• substrate inhibitions
• substrate reduction
• enzyme replacement
• bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cell transplant
• gene

Language and Speech Many children have different forms of language and speech disorders, which can be classified as primary disorder or disorders secondary to known conditions. Secondary and tertiary prevention can be detected if the child has other health conditions such as autism, cleft palate, global developmental delay and intellectual disability, hearing loss, known genetic variation, neurological disorder, or other health conditions. The treatment for children with language and speech delay is a speech language pathologist. Speech and language therapy has demonstrated improvement in some disorders, but not all.

Physiotherapy A case study of a child born prematurely demonstrated improvement in developmental milestones with the use of physiotherapy.

Recurrent Depletion Recurrent depletion is when there are different findings that do not match with any recognizable syndrome. Recurrent depletion is mostly passed down from the parent to the child. The treatment for recurrent depletion is treating the specific clinical findings that the person has. People with developmental delays were treated with developmental therapies and specific learning styles.