Isithelezi

Isithelezi (noma ihlelokusebenza elisithelezi ), luyinhleleliso yesicikizi esetshenziselwa ukutheleza, ukuhlonga, nokuhlanza uhlelo oluyingozi.

Uhlelo lwesithelezi ngokwendabuko yasungulwa ukuze ihlonge futhi ihlanze amagciwanyani esicikizi, ingakho kuthiwa isithelezi. Nokho, ngokwanda kolunye uhlelo oluyingozi, isithelezi saqala ukuvika ezinye izinsongo zesicikizi. Eminye imikhiqizo ihlanganisa nokulonda isicikizi kuma -URL ayingozi, ugaxekile kanye nokuyenga.

uMlando

Inkathi yowe-1971–1980 (eyandulela isithelezi)

Igciwanyani lokuqala elaziwayo lesicikizi lavela ngowe-1971 futhi lalibizwa ngokuthi Creeper virus.^[1] Leli gciwanyani lalihlasela izicikizikhulu zohlobo le-DEC PDP-10 ezazigununda ihlelomgidingo TENEX.^[2]^[3]

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi igciwanyani Creeper lasuswa inhleleliso ebizwa Reaper eyakhandwa nguRay Tomlinson.^[4] Abanye abantu bathatha leyonhleleliso njengohlelo lesithelezi lokuqala olwalotshwa -- noma kunjalo, Kodwa kumqoka ukuveza ukuthi leyonhleleliso ebizwa Reaper nayo kwakuyigciwanyani eliklanyelwe ukususa igciwanyani Creeper.^[4]^[5]

Igciwanyani Creeper lalandelwa amanye amagciwanyani amaningana. Elinye elaziwayo elavela lalibizwa Elk Cloner, ngonyaka we-1981, futhi lalihlasela izicikizi zohlobo lwe-Apple II.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Amaphatho

↑ Thomas Chen, Jean-Marc Robert (2004). "The Evolution of Viruses and Worms". Archived from the original on May 17, 2009. Kulandwe ngomhlaka February 16, 2009. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ From the first email to the first YouTube video: a definitive internet history Archived December 31, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.. Tom Meltzer and Sarah Phillips. The Guardian. October 23, 2009
↑ IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Volumes 27–28. IEEE Computer Society, 2005. 74 Archived May 13, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.: "[...]from one machine to another led to experimentation with the Creeper program, which became the world's first computer worm: a computation that used the network to recreate itself on another node, and spread from node to node."
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Metcalf, John (2014). "Core War: Creeper & Reaper". Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Kulandwe ngomhlaka May 1, 2014. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ "Creeper – The Virus Encyclopedia". Archived from the original on September 20, 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ "Elk Cloner". Archived from the original on January 7, 2011. Kulandwe ngomhlaka December 10, 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ "Top 10 Computer Viruses: No. 10 – Elk Cloner". Archived from the original on February 7, 2011. Kulandwe ngomhlaka December 10, 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ "List of Computer Viruses Developed in 1980s". Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Kulandwe ngomhlaka December 10, 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[1] Thomas Chen, Jean-Marc Robert (2004). "The Evolution of Viruses and Worms". Archived from the original on May 17, 2009. Kulandwe ngomhlaka February 16, 2009. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[Guardian-2] From the first email to the first YouTube video: a definitive internet history Archived December 31, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.. Tom Meltzer and Sarah Phillips. The Guardian. October 23, 2009

[3] IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Volumes 27–28. IEEE Computer Society, 2005. 74 Archived May 13, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.: "[...]from one machine to another led to experimentation with the Creeper program, which became the world's first computer worm: a computation that used the network to recreate itself on another node, and spread from node to node."

[John_Metcalf_2014-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Metcalf, John (2014). "Core War: Creeper & Reaper". Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Kulandwe ngomhlaka May 1, 2014. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[5] "Creeper – The Virus Encyclopedia". Archived from the original on September 20, 2015. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[6] "Elk Cloner". Archived from the original on January 7, 2011. Kulandwe ngomhlaka December 10, 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[7] "Top 10 Computer Viruses: No. 10 – Elk Cloner". Archived from the original on February 7, 2011. Kulandwe ngomhlaka December 10, 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[8] "List of Computer Viruses Developed in 1980s". Archived from the original on July 24, 2011. Kulandwe ngomhlaka December 10, 2010. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

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