Help:IPA/Neapolitan
< Help:IPA
 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Neapolitan on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Neapolitan in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Neapolitan language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
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Notes
[edit]- ^ If a consonant is doubled after a vowel, it is geminated; all consonants can be geminated except for /z/ and /ʒ/. In IPA, gemination can be represented either by doubling the consonant (fatto [ˈfattə], miezzo [ˈmjettsə]) or by the length marker ⟨ː⟩. Neapolitan, like standard Italian, also has a sandhi phenomenon called syntactic gemination, usually represented graphically: e.g. è ssoje [ˌɛ sˈsɔːjə].
- ^ a b c d e /b/, /dʒ/, /ʝ/, /ɲ/, /ʃ/ and (word-internally) /m/ are always geminated after a vowel.
- ^ a b c d e f After a nasal, /c/, /p/, /t/, /tʃ/, /k/ and /ts/ are replaced by their voiced counterparts [ɟ], [b], [d], [dʒ], [ɡ], [dz].
- ^ a b When not preceded by ⟨n⟩, ⟨z⟩ can represent either /dz/ or /ts/, according to the cases.
- ^ a b c d e ⟨s⟩ is pronounced:
- /s/ when geminated or when not preceded by ⟨n⟩ and followed by ⟨t⟩, a vowel or a semivowel;
- /ʃ/ when followed by any voiceless consonant except ⟨t⟩;
- /z/ when followed by ⟨n⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨r⟩ or ⟨l⟩;
- /ʒ/ when followed by any voiced consonant except ⟨n⟩, ⟨d⟩, ⟨r⟩ or ⟨l⟩;
- /dz/ when preceded by ⟨n⟩.
- ^ a b If the two characters ⟨ɡ⟩ and ⟨
⟩ do not match and if the first looks like a ⟨γ⟩, then you have an issue with your default font. See Help:IPA § Rendering issues.
- ^ a b c d e f g Chiefly occurring in Apulian dialects.
- ^ Might be slightly velarized [ɫ].
- ^ a b c d Nasals always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nɡ/ is a velar [ŋ] and the one in /nf/~/nv/ is a labiodental [ɱ]. A nasal before /b/ and /m/ is always the labial [m].
- ^ When not geminated nor following another consonant, /tʃ/ tends to be pronounced [ʃ].
- ^ Two diphthongs, uo /wo(ː)/ and ie /je(ː)/, are always stressed, unless they are at the very end of a word.
- ^ a b c d Close- and open-mid vowels /e ɛ o ɔ/ can only appear when the syllable is stressed, with rare exceptions for /e o/.
- ^ After the stressed syllable, /a e o/ (and occasionally /i u/) change to [ə]. This sound is sometimes also found before the stressed syllable and spelled ⟨e⟩, as is fernuto [fərˈnuːtə] or presutto [prəˈsuttə].
- ^ Vowels are long when stressed in non-final open syllables: caro [ˈkɑːrə] ~ carro [ˈkarrə], or when compounds of preposition a and an article: a + ’o = ô.
