Help:FTP

Help for ftp:// (FTP) links on English Wikipedia.

Background

FTP links such as ftp:// existed before the invention of the World Wide Web. Prior to the 1990s, it was the ubiquitous method of transferring files over the Internet. As the web gained dominance (http://), FTP was still used by many institutions because of established practice and the cost of changing systems. Nevertheless, FTP has serious shortcomings from a security standpoint. By 2021, most modern web browsers stopped supported the FTP protocol entirely. For most web users clicking a ftp:// now results in a page not found. At the same time many institutions migrated to https://

Two types of FTP links

• Hybrid: A HTTPS interface (or gateway) is when the FTP server also supports https:// allowing it work in a web browser. Not all FTP servers support the https:// interface.

Example:

• ftp://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/generic_kernels/spk/planets/a_old_versions/de418_announcement.pdf
• https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/generic_kernels/spk/planets/a_old_versions/de418_announcement.pdf

• Pure: Pure FTP are ftp:// links that have no interface. They are only work with dedicated FTP client software.

The way to determine is try replacing ftp:// with https://

Archives

Pure FTP links can not be saved at a web archive provider, like the Wayback Machine or Archive.today.

If the link has or had a HTTPS gateway, it may have been archived with the ftp:// version of the URI - in these cases cite it with {{cite web}}. For the |url= use the https:// version of the link, and for |archive-url= use whatever archive URL works, either the one using ftp:// or https://

Citing FTP links

To cite FTP, follow these steps:

1. Check if the FTP has an HTTPS interface. Replace the ftp:// portion with https:// and see if it works. If so, use {{cite web}} or a related template, with |url= set to the https:// version.
2. If it doesn't work it means one of two things: the FTP link is "pure" and can only be accessed with an FTP client. Or the FTP link is dead.
3. Using a FTP client check if the link is working. If it is working, cite it with {{Cite FTP}}.
4. If not working, you have a number of choices: 1. Delete the citation entirely 2. Google around for the same data located elsewhere on the web 3. Log into the FTP site and search for alternative locations within the FTP tree. 4. If all else fails and you still want to retain a non-working FTP link: change it to a {{Cite FTP}} template and add |url-status=dead.

FTP client software

See Comparison of FTP client software. Software is available on multiple platforms for GUI or command-line.