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German Communist Party (KPD)
[edit]The German Communist Party (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, KPD) was a major Marxist political party in Germany during the 20th century.
Founding
[edit]The KPD was founded in December 1918 by members of the Spartacist League, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, who split from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). The party was inspired by the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and sought a proletarian uprising.
Weimar Republic
[edit]During the Weimar era (1919–1933), the KPD became a prominent far-left party, opposing both the SPD and rising far-right factions. It took part in several worker uprisings and strikes, and its paramilitary wing clashed with fascist groups.
Nazi Era and Banning
[edit]When the Nazis seized power in 1933, the KPD was banned, and many of its members were imprisoned or fled. The party continued underground resistance but suffered heavy repression.
Post-War Era
[edit]After WWII, the KPD was re-established in both East and West Germany. In the East, it merged into the Socialist Unity Party (SED), the ruling party of the GDR. In West Germany, it was banned in 1956 due to fears of subversion during the Cold War.