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| Submission declined on 4 July 2025 by Qcne (talk). Thank you for your submission, but the subject of this article already exists in Wikipedia. You can find it and improve it at Photosynthesis instead.
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Jhem 02 (talk) 07:36, 4 July 2025 (UTC)
Photosynthesis
[edit]Photosynthesis is a biochemical process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the Sun, into chemical energy in the form of glucose. It is a fundamental process for life on Earth, producing the oxygen we breathe and forming the basis of the food chain.[1]
Overview
[edit]Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, which contain the pigment chlorophyll. Chlorophyll captures sunlight and uses it to convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) into glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂). The overall equation is:
- 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂[2]
The process has two main stages:
- Light-dependent reactions: These occur in the thylakoid membranes and produce ATP and NADPH, releasing oxygen.
- Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions): These take place in the stroma and convert CO₂ into glucose using ATP and NADPH.
Importance
[edit]Photosynthesis is vital for producing atmospheric oxygen and sustaining food webs. It also regulates carbon dioxide levels, influencing Earth's climate.[3]
Variants
[edit]While most photosynthetic organisms use oxygenic photosynthesis, some bacteria perform anoxygenic photosynthesis. These do not release oxygen and instead use molecules like hydrogen sulfide.