Draft:IAMF
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| Immersive Audio Model and Formats (IAMF) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Filename extension |
.iamf |
| Developed by | Alliance for Open Media |
| Type of format | Audio |
| Standard | AOM IAMF |
| Open format? | Yes |
| Free format? | Yes |
| Website | https://aomedia.org/specifications/iamf/ |
IAMF (Immersive Audio Model and Formats), also marketed under the name Eclipsa Audio.[1] is a free and open-source surround sound container format developed by the Alliance for Open Media. IAMF aims to compete with other technologies, like Dolby Atmos.[2]
History
[edit]In the late 2020s the development of IAMF was started by the Alliance for Open Media, which had previously developed the AV1 video codec. The format was created for flexible, scalable, and royalty-free immersive audio solutions suitable for transmission over the internet.
Proprietary immersive audio technologies such as Dolby Atmos and MPEG-H 3D Audio is limited by licensing restrictions, lack of open tooling and that they are specific to codecs.
A reference encoder, decoder, and renderer were made publicly available in 2023. In the same year, early draft specifications were published for public comment and interoperability testing.
In 2024, AOM released IAMF's first stable draft specification.
FFmpeg added support with version 7.0.[3]
Technology
[edit]While IAMF is codec agnostic[4], the standard only officially supports Opus, AAC, FLAC, and PCM, with Opus being the most common.
IAMF leverages the audio codec in mono or stereo configurations for individual audio elements, which are later combined at the rendering stage.
Each audio element can be:
- Channel-based: fixed speaker locations (e.g., stereo, 5.1)
- Object-based: independently rendered with metadata for position and motion
- Scene-based: ambisonic or other global spatial formats
Audio Scene Metadata
[edit]IAMF has a structured scene description that defines:
- Object positioning in 3D space
- Trajectories and motion paths
- Groups of objects (e.g., music, dialogue, effects)
- Mixing hierarchies and rendering presets (e.g., "cinema", "headphones", "dialogue boost")
It can also contain DRC for volume normalization.
Metadata is designed to be flexible and extensible, allowing future features like personalization or dynamic re-panning.
Adoption
[edit]As of 2025, adoption remains is small, with the most notable implementation being by YouTube. IAMF is advertised under the branding Eclipsa Audio. IAMF is used with Opus, and all creators can upload surround content, following the recommendations.[5]
Only hardware capable of playback is Samsung's 2025 Neo QLED 8K TVs. Google reported that support for IAMF will soon come to Google Chrome, Android and soundbars in late 2025.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Introducing Eclipsa Audio: immersive audio for everyone". Google Open Source Blog. Retrieved 2025-05-03.
- ^ Mishra, Abhijeet (2024-01-22). "Samsung's Dolby Atmos surround sound alternative coming this year". SamMobile. Retrieved 2025-05-03.
- ^ "FFmpeg 7.0 changelog". Retrieved 2025-05-04.
- ^ "What is IAMF?". Alliance for Open Media. Retrieved 2025-05-03.
- ^ "YouTube recommended upload encoding settings - YouTube Help". support.google.com. Archived from the original on 2025-04-30. Retrieved 2025-05-03.