Draft:Dhiraj Sinha

• Comment: This was recently rejected, and later G7'd following the author's request. This version was then created by a different author. All of which seems like an attempt to game the system, IMO. DoubleGrazing (talk) 07:04, 18 July 2025 (UTC)

• Comment: A lot of large claims here that are WP:SYNTH of published research that cite to primary sources that are not independent of the subject, see WP:EXCEPTIONAL.
  Also a lot of WP:REFBOMBing and WP:CITEOVERKILL. Do you have a conflict of interest? Bobby Cohn 🍁 (talk) 13:42, 15 July 2025 (UTC)

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Dhiraj Sinha is a physicist, mainly known for his discovery of explicit symmetry breaking mechanism of radiation.. His work with Gehan Amaratunga of Cambridge University, illustrates the role of broken symmetry of electromagnetic fields in the generation of electromagnetic radiation, which offers a framework towards development of antennas on chip. According to Maxwell's equations, accelerating charges generate radiation. However, there are physical cases, where accelerating charges do not generate net radiation and a two wire transmission line excited by a time varying source is one such case. Sinha's work argues that the symmetry of a two-wire transmisison line must be broken in order to create an antenna, where translational symmetry of electric field is explicity broken.

Sinha's research has a key technological implication as it implies that antennas at Gigahertz frequencies can be miniaturised and integrated at the chip level using piezoelectric materials. The work was covered by a number of independent journalists. For example, Andrei Miha, the founder of ZME Science offered adequate coverage to it along with an article by Christian Nordqvist in Market Business News . Mat Smith from Engadget and Silicon Semiconductor also wrote articles on it along with Monica Alleven, Executive Editor of Fierce Network. In addition to these, New Electronics, UK and many other technology news portals described the work

Sinha's approach was subjected to some criticism by a team of Russian researchers, who argued that radiation is an outcome of open topology of an electrodynamic system,. He has also written a book on it published by the Institute of Physics, UK, which describes the idea of symmetry breaking in radiation in more detail while countering the criticism. The book, which has reached second edition of publication, is currently present in the libraries of some leading universities. This was followed by a 2018 invited paper by the Royal Society, where he further developed these ideas using Noether's theorem. The central argument is that electromagnetic radiation is associated with non-conserved Noether current in an electrodynamic system.. Recent work in the field of piezoelectric antennas and efforts towards antenna miniaturisation using electro-acoustic materials offer validation to Dr. Sinha's early work

Sinha's recent research work has attracted significant attention for a novel perspective on the nature of light and its interaction with matter, particularly in the context of the photoelectric effect . In his 2025 research article, he postulated that Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction can be applied at optical frequencies and the time-varying magnetic flux of light, denoted as φ, generates a voltage defined by V = dφ/dt over a time interval dt, which energises the electrons. Within this theoretical framework, the energy transferred to an electron of charge e by light can be expressed as W = e dφ/dt. Sinha has further suggested that its frequency or phasor domain representation is e φ ω, where ω is the angular frequency of the radiation. A remarkable aspect of this formulation is its equivalence to Einstein's expression for the energy of light quanta, ℏ ω, where ℏ is the reduced Planck's constant, currently understood as the energy of a photon. The theoretical model finds empirical support from magnetic flux quantum and offers a framework for deriving the energy of a photon directly from classical electromagnetism, potentially reducing reliance on quantum mechanics to explain photonic phenomena. As magnetic flux has been found to be quantised in two dimensional electron gas systems and superconducting loops, it implies that magnetic flux quantisation, directly leads to the idea of a photon.

His theory also suggests that Maxwell's equations contain implicit clues to the particle-like behavior of light. His recent discovery has been widely reported by the international media, for instance, El Adelantado de Segovia, a Spanish daily, which is the oldest and the most widely distributed newspaper in the province of Segovia, underscored the potential paradigm shift his findings represent in understanding light's nature. Further reporting on it was done by other magazines and news portals, Sinha's work has also been covered by Sartaj Singh, a journalist from News Nation along with other independent news platforms like Dev Discourse, TV9, Aditya Madanapalle, sicenc journalist from News9, which is a part of TV9 Bharatvarsh Investors Hangout, and the Associated Press.

His ideas have found strong support from physicists like Jorge Hirsch and Richard Muller among others.