Circulating free RNA
Circulating cell-free RNA or cfRNA refers to freely-circulating ribonucleic acid molecules in various biological fluids such as blood (both plasma and serum), urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, and pleural fluid.[1][2] These extracellular RNA molecules are distinct from the intracellular RNA that performs its functions within the confines of cellular membranes and is released from cells by active secretion or through apoptosis and necrosis.[3] cfRNA is considered a significant component of the broader class of molecules known as extracellular RNA (exRNA).[4] In recent years, cfRNA has garnered considerable scientific interest due to its potential as a non-invasive biomarker.[5] The analysis of cfRNA from easily accessible bodily fluids offers a promising avenue for diagnosing, monitoring, and predicting the course of a wide array of physiological and pathological conditions, a field commonly termed liquid biopsy.[6][7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Cell-Free RNA as A Liquid Biopsy Biomarker - CD Genomics". Retrieved 15 May 2025.
- ^ Larson, M. H.; Pan, W.; Kim, H. J. (2021). "A comprehensive characterization of the cell-free transcriptome reveals tissue- and subtype-specific biomarkers for cancer detection". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 2357. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-22439-y. PMC 8060409. PMID 33883546.
- ^ Heitzer, Ellen; Haque, Imran S.; Roberts, Charles E. S.; Speicher, Michael R. (2019-02-01). "Current and future perspectives of liquid biopsies in genomics-driven oncology". Nature Reviews Genetics.
- ^ Gallo, A; Alevizos, I (2019). "Extracellular RNAs: A New Awareness of Old Perspectives". Cells. 8 (5): 421. doi:10.3390/cells8050421. PMC 6509047. PMID 31052217.
- ^ Wan, Jonathan C. M.; Massie, Charles; Garcia-Corbacho, Javier; Mouliere, Florent; Brenton, James D.; Caldas, Carlos; Pacey, Simon; Baird, Richard; Rosenfeld, Nitzan (2017-04-01). "Liquid biopsies come of age: towards implementation of circulating tumour DNA". Nature Reviews Cancer.
- ^ Drag, M. H.; Kilpeläinen, T. O. (2021). "Cell-free DNA and RNA—measurement and applications in clinical diagnostics with focus on metabolic disorders". Physiological Genomics. 53 (1): 15–27. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00086.2020. PMID 33196243.
- ^ Cheng, Timothy C. L.; Zhang, Haichao; Lee, James H.; Wu, Angela Y.; Goel, Sumita; Zhang, Kun (2023). "Liquid Biopsy Based on Cell-Free DNA and RNA". Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering. 25 (Pt 3): 311–336. doi:10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-111259. PMID 37268214.