Algoma-class sloop
 Painting of USS Plymouth from 1884
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Algoma class |
| Builders | |
| Operators | United States Navy |
| Preceded by | Ticonderoga-class sloops |
| Built | 1867–1868 |
| In service | 1869–1891 |
| Planned | 11 |
| Completed | 4 |
| Retired | 4 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type | Screw sloop |
| Displacement | 2,394 long tons (2,681 short tons) |
| Length | 250.4 ft (76.3 m) lbp |
| Beam | 38 ft (12 m) |
| Depth | 16.5 ft (5.0 m) |
| Propulsion | Sails and steam |
| Complement | 291 |
| Armament |
|
The Alaska or Algoma-class sloop was a series of screw sloops operated by the US Navy during the later parts of the 19th century. Designed during the American Civil War, only 4 of the 11 planned ships were built, all after the war's end. The class had a brief service life and were all out of service by the early 1890s.
Development and design
[edit]Following the end of the American Civil War, the Union Navy transitioned between wartime mass production and began to develop doctrine for the post-war era.[1]: 121 Development of the class began in 1864 with the construction of the ships' engines, although work on building the ships themselves did not start until 1867.[1]: 121,125 The classes' design was based on the Ticonderoga-class sloops, and was intended to be an economic alternative to the Contoocook-class and Java-class frigates.[1]: 125 Of the 11 ships initially planned, only four were laid down as the other engines were redirected for installation on Swatara-class sloops. The rest of the class was cancelled in 1866, and is sometimes referred to as the Alaska-class.[1]: 125 [2]: 28
The ships were designed to carry a broadside of ten 9 in (23 cm) guns along with a 60 lb (27 kg) rifle mounted on the bow and a 11 in (28 cm)-inch pivot gun, although the exact loadout varied from ship to ship.[2]: 28 [1]: 125 They had a length between perpendiculars of 250.4 ft (76.3 m), beam of 38 ft (12 m), depth of 16.5 ft (5.0 m), a displacement of 2,394 long tons (2,681 short tons), and two funnels. The ships carried 150 long tons (170 short tons) of coal which supplied a 950 ihp (710 kW) engine that turned one propeller and a top speed of 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph).[3]: 127 Including the barque-rigged sails, speeds up to 14.5 knots (26.9 km/h; 16.7 mph) were achieved.[1]: 126 The ships had a complement of 291.[2]: 28
History
[edit]In 1869, the Secretary of the Navy disapproved of the large number of warships named after Native American tribes and the incoherent naming conventions used across the fleet. As a result, he ordered a systematic renaming of vessels.[4] That year, Algoma was renamed Benicia, Kenosha became Plymouth, and Astoria to Omaha.[3]: 127 While in service, the ships spread out across the world as they were attached to different squadrons. Alaska took part in the Korean Expedition in 1871, and the ships were gradually decommissioned by the 1880s.[2]: 26 Omaha, the last in use, was rebuilt in the 1880s and was repurposed as a quarantine ship before she was sold off in 1915.[3]: 127
Ships in class
[edit]| Name | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | Boston Navy Yard | 1867 | 31 October 1868 | 8 December 1869 | 1883 |
| Benicia | Portsmouth Navy Yard | May 1867 | 18 August 1868 | 1 December 1869 | 29 November 1875 |
| Plymouth | Brooklyn Navy Yard | 27 June 1867 | 8 August 1868 | 20 January 1869 | 17 May 1879 |
| Omaha | Philadelphia Navy Yard | 1867 | 10 June 1869 | 12 September 1871 | 1891 |
| Confiance | Boston Navy Yard | – | – | – | Cancelled 1866 |
| Detroit | Brooklyn Navy Yard | – | – | – | |
| Meredosia | – | – | – | – | |
| Peacock | Brooklyn Navy Yard | – | – | – | |
| Serapis | Boston Navy Yard | – | – | – | |
| Taghkanic | – | – | – | – | |
| Talladega | – | – | – | – |
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Canney, Donald L. (January 1, 1990). The Old Steam Navy Volume 1: Frigates, Sloops and Gunboats, 1815–1885. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0870210044.
- ^ a b c d e Silverstone, Paul H. (2006). "The United States Navy, 1794–1854". Civil War Navies, 1855–1883. The U.S. Navy Warship Series. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-97872-9. OCLC 63178925.
- ^ a b c Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860–1905. Internet Archive. New York : Mayflower Books. 1979. ISBN 978-0-8317-0302-8.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - ^ "The Evolution of Ship Naming in the U.S. Navy". Naval History and Heritage Command. Archived from the original on 10 Feb 2025.