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Cellemetry Data Services

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Cellemetrysm[1] data services was one of the first Internet of things[2][3][4] networks operating on a worldwide basis. Cellemetrysm was designed to operate as an overlay to the cellular network allowing data messages to be sent or received from virtually anywhere where cellular coverage existed[5].

Technology[6]

Cellemetrysm operated by sending messages over the signalling channel of the analog cellular network[7]. The Cellemetrysm data modem accomplished this by using a non-dialable telephone number as the device identifier and inserting a device generated data message in the field designated for the cellphone's serial number. The Cellemetrysm device would then send out a registration message[8][9] to the home cellular system. The Cellemetrysm message would then transverse the cellular signaling system number 7 (SS7[10]) signaling network along with all of the normal cellular signaling traffic. When the message arrived at the home cellular system, a specialized server[11] would act as the home location register (HLR[12])and would take the message off of the cellular network and send it to the intended application or application service provider[13][14][15][16][17][18].

Cellemetry Enabled Power Meter

For an outbound message the Cellemetrysm server would receive a message from an application or an application service provider and then send a 'ring' signal to the device as if it was ringing a normal cellular telephone (need more information and a cite).

Cellemetrysm channel from the device to the network (inbound message) was much more robust than the channel from the network to the device (outbound message). The Cellemetrysm outbound messages were generally restricted to trigger messages that caused a large number of devices to perform an action, report status, or other similar action. For example, an outbound messages may cause a set of vending machines to report their current inventory level, change pricing, etc. Later versions of Cellemetrysm used other signaling messages such as USSD messages[19] as the outbound messaging mechanism. (We need help fleshing out the outbound messaging section.)

Cellemetrysm had a number of advantages that led to its wide spread adoption worldwide.

  • The Cellemetrysm device was programmed to monitor the cellular signaling channel before sending a message over the cellular signaling channel. If the channel was busy over a preprogramed amount of time, the device would not attempt to send the message. If the message was not sent, the Cellemetrysm device would then wait a random period of time and then check the signaling channel again. If the cellular signaling channel was still busy, the Cellemetrysm device would double the wait time and attempt the process again. The Cellemetrysm device would continue this process until the non-busy threshold was met[20].
  • Since the Cellemetrysm messages were carried over the cell site signaling channel they tended to have a higher coverage than cellular voice calls. This was mainly due to the architecture of the signaling channel where the messages are repeated several times (typically three) and included check bits. This allowed Cellemetrysm devices to be placed further into buildings or on the edge of the cellular coverage were normal voice calls may not have been possible[21].
  • Cellemetrysm devices utilized many of the components of a traditional analog cellular telephone. This allowed the Cellemetrysm devices to take advantages of the cost efficiencies of the rapidly growing cellular telephone base[22]. Many early Cellemetrysm modems were analog cellular telephones without the human interface or the case.

Cellemetrysm was invented by Peter Roach, Scott Laster, and Ed Comer[23] in 1994[24] while working for BellSouthsm.[25] BellSouthsm partnered with Numerexsm[26] to offer Cellemetrysm[27] and Numerex eventually acquired the entire rights to Cellemetrysm data service[28]. Numerexsm was eventually acquired by Sierra Wireless.[29]

As the analog cellular network was phased out, the analog Cellemetrysm devices were eventually discontinued or transitioned to the GSM network using an different technology[30].

References

  1. ^ https://www.rcrwireless.com/19970407/archived-articles/bellsouth-chalking-up-contracts-for-cellemetry
  2. ^ https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-the-internet-of-things-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-iot-right-now/
  3. ^ https://www.sierrawireless.com/company/our-history-of-innovation/
  4. ^ https://www.digitalcomtech.com/about/history/
  5. ^ https://www.rcrwireless.com/19990125/archived-articles/with-footprint-nearly-in-place-cellemetry-focuses-on-applications
  6. ^ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4615-6237-5_1
  7. ^ http://alarmsbc.com/tech/pdf/overskyroute.pdf
  8. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=OnDGbzMRcbwC&pg=SA1-PA36&lpg=SA1-PA36&dq=cellular+registration+message+amps&source=bl&ots=FEUgqHLWQF&sig=ACfU3U1oyc2kyeqha1_3km0PmB6o-JfcNA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiT0qXi59TgAhUShuAKHRQzA2sQ6AEwDXoECAIQAQ#v=onepage&q=cellular%20registration%20message%20amps&f=false
  9. ^ http://alarmsbc.com/tech/pdf/overskyroute.pdf
  10. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalling_System_No._7
  11. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=_F7mBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=cellemetry+introduced&source=bl&ots=cM4whjGplk&sig=ACfU3U1O8NWR3VhaBCYdTr0QH3Gn592WaQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjxstyYqvDgAhUEd98KHRnzD8AQ6AEwBXoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=cellemetry%20introduced&f=false
  12. ^ https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Home-Location-Register
  13. ^ https://www.rcrwireless.com/20010618/archived-articles/products-18
  14. ^ http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=65936&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=94945&highlight=
  15. ^ https://www.waterworld.com/articles/print/volume-18/issue-11/automation-technology/cellular-system-solves-lift-station-monitoring-problems.html
  16. ^ https://patents.google.com/patent/US6995666
  17. ^ https://www.theautochannel.com/news/2003/01/09/152598.html
  18. ^ https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=4949225
  19. ^ https://django-ussd-airflow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/how_ussd_works.html
  20. ^ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-6237-5_1
  21. ^ https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/e5/b4/2e/203d20bddce458/US5526401.pdf
  22. ^ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4615-6237-5_1
  23. ^ https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/e5/b4/2e/203d20bddce458/US5526401.pdf
  24. ^ https://www.rcrwireless.com/19950807/carriers/bellsouth-tests-new-technology-for-wireless-tracking-capability
  25. ^ http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/bellsouth-corporation-history/
  26. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=nOFoPOIaeU8C&pg=PA9&lpg=PA9&dq=cellemetry+introduced&source=bl&ots=tPVl01SHs8&sig=ACfU3U1aQEHZAEqQyRnacO1G4CdqSPXrBA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjxstyYqvDgAhUEd98KHRnzD8AQ6AEwBHoECAUQAQ#v=onepage&q=cellemetry%20introduced&f=false
  27. ^ https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Numerex
  28. ^ https://www.bizjournals.com/atlanta/stories/2003/03/31/daily10.html
  29. ^ https://www.sierrawireless.com/company/newsroom/pressreleases/2017/12/sierra_wireless_inc_completes_acquisition_of_numerex_corp/
  30. ^ https://www.engadget.com/2008/02/18/analog-cellular-networks-r-i-p-1983-2008/
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