Help:IPA/Northern Thai

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Thai script and Tai Tham script in Wikipedia articles containing Northern Thai words.

Consonants IPA Thai Tai Tham English approximation b บ abash d ฎ,ด ado f ฝ,ฟ , food h ห,ฮ ,, head j ย,อย,หย yak k ก , scan l ล,ฬ,หล ,, leaf m ม,หม much n ณ,น,หน , not ŋ ง,หง bang ɲ ญ , canyon p ป , span pʰ ผ,พ,ภ , pan r ร,หร roughly like water (American English) s ฉ,ช,ฌ,ซ,ศ,ษ,ส ,,,,, sue t ฏ,ต ,, stable tʰ ฐ,ฑ,ฒ,ถ,ท,ธ ,,, table t͡ɕ จ , question w ว,หว way x ข,ฃ,ค,ฅ,ฆ ,,, can ʔ อ, ะ , the catch in uh-oh   Tones IPA Description aː = āː mid [aː˧] àː low [aː˨˩] or [aː˩] âː falling [aː˥˩] a᷇ː high falling [aː˥˧] áː high [aː˦˥] ǎː rising [aː˨˦]

Vowels IPA Thai Tai Tham script English approximation Short vowels a ◌ะ, ◌ั◌ , cut e เ◌ะ, เ◌็◌ ◌, roughly like say ɛ แ◌ะ, แ◌็◌ ◌, roughly like bat i ◌ิ, ◌ิ◌ , happy o โ◌ะ, ◌◌ ◌, go without u sound (shorter) ɔ เ◌าะ, ◌็อ◌ off u ◌ุ, ◌ุ◌ , loot (shorter) ɯ ◌ึ, ◌ึ◌ good ɤ เ◌อะ roughly like hurt (shorter) Long vowels aː ◌า, ◌า◌ , bra eː เ◌, เ◌◌ ◌, play ɛː แ◌, แ◌◌ ◌ roughly like man iː ◌ี, ◌ี◌ green oː โ◌, โ◌◌ ◌,◌ go without u sound ɔː ◌อ, ◌อ◌ , dog uː ◌ู, ◌ู, moon ɯː ◌ือ, ◌ื◌ good (longer) ɤː เ◌อ, เ◌ิ◌ roughly like fur Diphthongs iaʔ, iəʔ เ◌ียะ No English equivalent ia, iə เ◌ีย, เ◌ีย◌ idea uaʔ, uəʔ ◌ัวะ No English equivalent ua, uə ◌ัว, ◌ว◌ poor (British English) ɯaʔ, ɯəʔ เ◌ือะ No English equivalent ɯa, ɯə เ◌ือ, เ◌ือ◌ No English equivalent