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Help:IPA/Swedish and Norwegian

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) should be applied to represent Swedish and Norwegian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Swedish phonology and Norwegian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages. Examples in the table are Swedish unless otherwise noted.

Consonants
IPA Examples
b bok [ˈbuːk] "book"
ɕ kjol [ˈɕuːl] "skirt"
d dop [ˈduːp] "christening"
ɖ nord [ˈnuːɖ] "north"[1]
f fot [ˈfuːt] "foot"
ɡ god [ˈɡuːd] "good"
h hot [ˈhuːt] "threat"
ɧ sjok [ˈɧuːk] "chunk" (Swedish only)[2]
j jord [ˈjuːrd] "earth"
k kon [ˈkʰuːn] "cone"
l lov [ˈluːv] "tack" (sailing)
ɭ Karlstad [ˈkʰɑːɭ.sta] (the town)[1]
m mod [ˈmuːd] "courage"
n nod [ˈnuːd] "node"
ʈ Vänern [ˈvɛːnəɳ] (the lake)[1]
ŋ lång [ˈlɔŋ] "long"
p pol [ˈpʰuːl] "pole" (of rotation)
r fira [ˈfiːra] "celebrate"[3]
s sot [ˈsuːt] "soot"
ʂ fersk [ˈfæʂːk] "fresh"[1]
t tok [ˈtʰuːk] "fool"
ʈ karta [ˈkʰɑːʈa] "map"[1]
v våt [ˈvoːt] "wet"
ʐ rov [ˈʐuːv] "prey; loot" (Swedish only)[3]
Vowels
IPA Examples
ɑː mat [ˈmɑːt] "food"
a matt [ˈmat] "listless"
æ fersk [ˈfæʂːk] "fresh"[4]
æː ära [æːra] "honor"[4]
eː hel [ˈheːl] "whole"
ɛ häll [ˈhɛl] "flat rock"
ɛː häl [ˈhɛːl] "heel"
iː sil [ˈsiːl] "sieve"
ɪ sill [ˈsɪl] "herring"
oː mål [ˈmoːl] "goal"
ɔ moll [ˈmɔl] "minor" (music)
øː nöt [ˈnøːt] "nut"
œ nött [ˈnœt] "worn"
œː öra [œːra] "ear"[4]
ɵ full [ˈfɵl] "full"[5]
uː bot [ˈbuːt] "penance"[5]
ʉː ful [ˈfʉːl] "ugly"[5][6]
ʊ bott [ˈbʊt] "lived"[5]
yː syl [ˈsyːl] "awl"
ʏ syll [ˈsʏl] "sleeper" (railroad)
unstressed
ə begå [bəˈɡoː] "commit"
Stress and tone
IPA Examples
Swedish
ˈâ [ˈan˥˧dɛn˩] "the duck" Tone 1 (Single Tone): falling tone in Stockholm
ˈâ.â [ˈan˧˩dɛn˥˩] "the spirit" Tone 2 (Double Tone): mid–low followed by high–low tone in Stockholm
Norwegian
ˈà Tone 1: low tone in Oslo
ˈâ Tone 2: Falling tone on stressed syllable in Oslo

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e ɖ ɭ ɳ ʂ ʈ are pronounced ʀd ʀl ʀn ʀs ʀt in Southern Swedish
  2. ^ [ɧ] is a regionally variable sound, sometimes [xʷ], [ɸˠ], or [ʂ]
  3. ^ a b /r/ is regionally variable; in Stockholm, it tends to be pronounced [r] between vowels and after a consonant, [ʐ] or [ɻ] initially and before a consonant
  4. ^ a b c Found before /r/
  5. ^ a b c d A compressed vowel
  6. ^ [ʉː] is a central vowel in Oslo, but a front vowel in Stockholm.

Bibliography

  • Duden 6: Das Aussprachewörterbuch (3d edition, 1990, ISBN 3-411-20916-X).
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