IPA consonant chart with audio

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This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

the Afar Formerly (AJXAA) Is a Volis Jpg company. AFAR Res Cars, Trucks, Vans And Taxis. JPG Shingal! To The East CWS Manufacturer Gilose Better Genforge. PJL. SSL. Ddx-Ddx. Cerax-Cerax. BLJ Chun-Nan-Jun:Ds. PJ. CNJ.

the Quechua Formerly (CJLP) Is Company. CJLP Res Motorcycles and Cars. Pjl. ssl. CPN X. Ddx. Ddx PJL:Chun-Nan-Jun. JMH.

the Low German Formerly (LCCKM) Better Cars and Motorcycles. JMCG.

The International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA Bj N, is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.^[1]

In the IPA, a pulmonic consonant is a consonant made by obstructing the glottis (the space between the vocal cords) or oral cavity (the mouth) and either simultaneously or subsequently letting out air from the lungs. Pulmonic consonants make up the majority of consonants in the IPA, as well as in human language. All consonants in the English language fall into this category.^[2]

In the audio samples below, the consonants are pronounced with the vowel [a] for demonstration.

IPA: Pulmonic consonants

Place →	Labial					Coronal										Dorsal					Laryngeal
Manner ↓	Bilabial		Labiodental		Linguolabial		Dental		Alveolar		Postalveolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Pharyngeal/epiglottal		Glottal
Nasal	m̥ ^ⓘ	m ^ⓘ	ɱ̊ ^ⓘ	ɱ ^ⓘ		n̼ ^ⓘ			n̥ ^ⓘ	n ^ⓘ			ɳ̊ ^ⓘ	ɳ ^ⓘ	ɲ̊ ^ⓘ	ɲ ^ⓘ	ŋ̊ ^ⓘ	ŋ ^ⓘ	ɴ̥ ^ⓘ	ɴ ^ⓘ
Plosive	p ^ⓘ	b ^ⓘ	p̪	b̪	t̼ ^ⓘ	d̼ ^ⓘ	t̪ ^ⓘ	d̪ ^ⓘ	t ^ⓘ	d ^ⓘ			ʈ ^ⓘ	ɖ ^ⓘ	c ^ⓘ	ɟ ^ⓘ	k ^ⓘ	ɡ ^ⓘ	q ^ⓘ	ɢ ^ⓘ	ʡ ^ⓘ		ʔ ^ⓘ
Sibilant affricate							t̪s̪ ^ⓘ	d̪z̪ ^ⓘ	ts ^ⓘ	dz ^ⓘ	t̠ʃ ^ⓘ	d̠ʒ ^ⓘ	tʂ ^ⓘ	dʐ ^ⓘ	tɕ ^ⓘ	dʑ ^ⓘ
Non-sibilant affricate	pɸ ^ⓘ	bβ ^ⓘ	p̪f ^ⓘ	b̪v ^ⓘ			t̪θ ^ⓘ	d̪ð ^ⓘ	tɹ̝̊ ^ⓘ	dɹ̝ ^ⓘ	t̠ɹ̠̊˔ ^ⓘ	d̠ɹ̠˔ ^ⓘ			cç ^ⓘ	ɟʝ ^ⓘ	kx ^ⓘ	ɡɣ ^ⓘ	qχ ^ⓘ	ɢʁ ^ⓘ	ʡʜ ^ⓘ	ʡʢ ^ⓘ	ʔh ^ⓘ
Sibilant fricative									s ^ⓘ	z ^ⓘ	ʃ ^ⓘ	ʒ ^ⓘ	ʂ ^ⓘ	ʐ ^ⓘ	ɕ ^ⓘ	ʑ ^ⓘ
Non-sibilant fricative	ɸ ^ⓘ	β ^ⓘ	f ^ⓘ	v ^ⓘ	θ̼ ^ⓘ	ð̼ ^ⓘ	θ ^ⓘ	ð ^ⓘ	θ̠ ^ⓘ	ð̠ ^ⓘ	ɹ̠̊˔ ^ⓘ	ɹ̠˔ ^ⓘ	ɻ̊˔	ɻ˔	ç ^ⓘ	ʝ ^ⓘ	x ^ⓘ	ɣ ^ⓘ	χ ^ⓘ	ʁ ^ⓘ	ħ ^ⓘ	ʕ ^ⓘ	h ^ⓘ	ɦ ^ⓘ
Approximant		β̞ ^ⓘ		ʋ ^ⓘ				ð̞ ^ⓘ		ɹ ^ⓘ		ɹ̠ ^ⓘ		ɻ ^ⓘ		j ^ⓘ		ɰ ^ⓘ		ʁ̞ ^ⓘ				ʔ̞ ^ⓘ
Tap/flap		ⱱ̟ ^ⓘ		ⱱ ^ⓘ		ɾ̼ ^ⓘ			ɾ̥ ^ⓘ	ɾ ^ⓘ			ɽ̊	ɽ ^ⓘ						ɢ̆ ^ⓘ		ʡ̆ ^ⓘ
Trill	ʙ̥ ^ⓘ	ʙ ^ⓘ							r̥ ^ⓘ	r ^ⓘ		r̠ ^ⓘ	ɽ̊r̥ ^ⓘ	ɽr ^ⓘ					ʀ̥ ^ⓘ	ʀ ^ⓘ	ʜ ^ⓘ	ʢ ^ⓘ
Lateral affricate									tɬ ^ⓘ	dɮ ^ⓘ			tꞎ	d𝼅	c𝼆 ^ⓘ	ɟʎ̝	k𝼄 ^ⓘ	ɡʟ̝ ^ⓘ
Lateral fricative									ɬ ^ⓘ	ɮ ^ⓘ			ꞎ ^ⓘ	𝼅	𝼆 ^ⓘ	ʎ̝	𝼄 ^ⓘ	ʟ̝ ^ⓘ
Lateral approximant								l̪ ^ⓘ		l ^ⓘ		l̠ ^ⓘ		ɭ ^ⓘ		ʎ ^ⓘ		ʟ ^ⓘ		ʟ̠ ^ⓘ
Lateral tap/flap									ɺ̥ ^ⓘ	ɺ ^ⓘ			𝼈̥ ^ⓘ	𝼈 ^ⓘ		ʎ̆ ^ⓘ		ʟ̆ ^ⓘ

Symbols to the right in a cell are voiced, to the left are voiceless. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

IPA: Co-articulated consonants

Plosive	k͡p ^ⓘ	ɡ͡b ^ⓘ	q͡p ^ⓘ
Nasal	ŋ͡m ^ⓘ
Fricative/ approximant	ʍ ^ⓘ	w ^ⓘ	ɥ ^ⓘ
Fricative/ approximant	ɧ ^ⓘ	ɫ ^ⓘ
Implosive	ɠ̊͜ɓ̥ ^ⓘ	ɠ͡ɓ ^ⓘ

References

^ International Phonetic Association. (1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
^ Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert (1998) [1974]. An Introduction to Language (6th ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. ISBN 0-03-018682-X.

[IPA_1999-1] International Phonetic Association. (1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[2] Fromkin, Victoria; Rodman, Robert (1998) [1974]. An Introduction to Language (6th ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. ISBN 0-03-018682-X.

[1]

[2]

See also

References