Wikipedia:WikiProject Academic Journals/Journals cited by Wikipedia/Questionable5

Disclaimer / Warning

This is The Wikipedia CiteWatch, a bot-compiled listing of potentially cargo cult, conspiracist, denialist, fake, junk, not even wrong, obsolete, predatory, pseudoscientific, quack, or otherwise unreliable publications cited by Wikipedia through the |journal= and |doi= parameters of citation templates (see this Signpost article for details). It is based on several lists of unreliable or questionable publications (such as those compiled by Jeffrey Beall, the University Grants Commission, Quackwatch, or Wikipedia editors) and currently reflects the state of Wikipedia as of 20 April 2025. See Q9 in the FAQ for the update schedule.

This list is a starting point to detect unreliable sources which are cited by Wikipedia, but it does not answer whether it is appropriate to cite them. Due to the somewhat arbitrary nature of what exactly constitutes an unreliable source, as well as imperfect matching algorithms, the list may feature publications and publishers which...

are flat-out promoting pseudo/junk scholarship or quackery
are flat-out predatory/vanity venues, with sham peer-review processes
were once-reliable, but have since been acquired by predatory publishers
were once-unreliable, but no longer engage in problematic practices
reflect the sources' good but imperfect judgment of what is unreliable
are problematic in some areas (e.g. pseudoscience), but reliable in others (e.g. news)
are problematic in some other way (e.g. circular references, or deprecated sources)
are problematic but used in an acceptable manner (e.g. primary sources about frauds)
are misclassified because of a spelling variation (red links especially)
are misclassified because of false positives, miscategorization, or flawed bot logic
are reliable, but share names with imposter publications and publishers
are about pseudoscholarship as a topic, rather than being pseudoscholarly themselves

While many, if not most, publications and publishers on this list have some questionable aspects to their publishing practices, these can still be reliable (or be otherwise acceptable) in limited circumstances. The CiteWatch cannot determine the full context in which a source is used, therefore use common sense and judgement before removing a citation from an article (see Q8 in the FAQ). When in doubt, discuss things on the article's talk page or at the reliable sources noticeboard – especially before a mass purge of a source. The Unreliable/Predatory Source Detector user script may also interest you.

Additions and removals from the listing – including false positives – can be discussed at WT:CITEWATCH. False positives can also be directly handled at WP:JCW/EXCLUDE.

Rank	Target/Group	Entries (Citations, Articles)	Total Citations	Distinct Articles	⁠Citations/article⁠
401	Amazon (company) \| `{{doi\|10.53104}}` [WP:RSP § Generally unreliable] See WP:RSP#Amazon.	Amazon (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
402	American Journal of Engineering Research [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	American Journal of Engineering Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
403	American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research [Beall's journal list / update]	American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
404	American Journal of Pharmacy and Health Research [Beall's journal list]	American Journal of Pharmacy and Health Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
405	American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences [Beall's journal list]	American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
406	Anadolu Agency [WP:RSP § Generally unreliable] See WP:RSP#Anadolu Agency, debatable for general topics, unreliable for controversial topics and international politics.	Anadolu Agency (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
407	Annals of Clinical Case Reports [Beall's journal list]	Annals of Clinical Case Reports (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
408	Asian Journal of Convergence in Technology [Lying about DOAJ]	Asian Journal of Convergence in Technology Asian Journal for Convergence in Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
409	Astronomical Review [Beall's journal list]	Astronomical Review (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
410	British Journal (publisher) [Beall's publisher list]	British Journal The British Journal (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
411	Cancer Chronicles [Quackwatch's list]	Cancer Chronicles The Cancer Chronicles (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
412	Cancer Research Frontiers [Beall's journal list]	Cancer Research Frontiers (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
413	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine [Beall's journal list]	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
414	Caspian Sea Journal [Beall's journal list]	CSJ (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
415	Chemical Science Transactions [Beall's journal list]	Chemical Science Transactions (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
416	Clinical Practice of Alternative Medicine [Quackwatch's list]	Journal of Advancement in Medicine (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
417	Clinics in Surgery [Beall's journal list]	Clinics in Surgery (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
418	Communications on Applied Electronics [Beall's journal list]	Communications on Applied Electronics (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
419	Cumhuriyet Science Journal \| `{{doi\|10.17776}}` [Beall's journal list]	Cumhuriyet Science Journal (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
420	Current Neurobiology [Beall's journal list / update]	Current Neurobiology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
421	Diyala Journal for Pure Science [Beall's journal list]	Diyala Journal for Pure Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
422	ESSENCE: International Journal for Environmental Rehabilitation and Conservation [Beall's journal list]	Essence Essentia (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
423	Elixir International Journal [Beall's journal list]	Elixir International Journal (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
424	European Academic Research [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	European Academic Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
425	European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
426	European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences [Beall's journal list]	European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
427	Find a Grave [WP:RSP § Generally unreliable] See WP:RSP#Find a Grave.	Find a Grave (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
428	Global Journal of Human Resource Management [Lying about DOAJ]	Global Journal of Human Resource Management (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
429	Global Journals, Inc. [Beall's publisher list]	Global Journals (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
430	Golden Research Thoughts [Beall's journal list]	Golden Research Thoughts (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
431	HealthBeat [Quackwatch's list]	HealthBeat HEALTHbeat (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
432	Hilaris \| `{{doi\|10.37421}}` [Beall's publisher list]	`doi=10.37421` Medicinal Chemistry (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
433	Human Resource Management Academic Research Society \| `{{doi\|10.6007}}` [Beall's publisher list]	`doi=10.6007` International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
434	Indian Journal of Medical Research and Pharmaceutical Sciences [Beall's journal list]	Indian Journal of Medical Research and Pharmaceutical Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
435	Indian Journal of Natural Sciences [Beall's journal list] Indexed by Journal Citation Reports.	Indian Journal of Natural Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
436	Indian Journal of Scientific Research [Beall's journal list]	Indian Journal of Scientific Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
437	Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research [Beall's journal list]	Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
438	Innovation (magazine) [Quackwatch's list]	Innovation (magazine) Innovation Magazine (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
439	Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacotherapy [Beall's journal list]	IPP (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
440	Institute of Strategic and International Studies [Beall's publisher list]	Institute of Strategic and International Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
441	Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business [Beall's journal list]	Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
442	International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology \| `{{doi\|10.7763}}` [Beall's publisher list]	`doi=10.7763` International Journal of Social Science and Humanity (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
443	International Association of Engineers [Beall's publisher list / update]	International Association of Engineers Engineering Letters (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
444	International Design Journal [Beall's journal list]	International Design Journal (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
445	International Journal for Innovation Education and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
446	International Journal of Advanced Computer Research [Beall's journal list / update]	International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
447	International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Information Technology [Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Information Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
448	International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
449	International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
450	International Journal of Advanced Life Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Advanced Life Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
451	International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
452	International Journal of Aerospace Engineering [Lying about DOAJ]	List of Hindawi academic journals International Journal of Aerospace Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
453	International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
454	International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
455	International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
456	International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
457	International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Management Studies [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Management Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
458	International Journal of Biosocial Research [Quackwatch's list]	International Journal of Biosocial Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
459	International Journal of Business and Applied Social Science [Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Business and Applied Social Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
460	International Journal of Business and Management Invention [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Business and Management Invention (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
461	International Journal of Chemical Studies [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Chemical Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
462	International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
463	International Journal of Computer Technology and Applications [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Computer Technology and Applications (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
464	International Journal of Computing and Corporate Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Computing and Corporate Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
465	International Journal of Contemporary Applied Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Contemporary Applied Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
466	International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
467	International Journal of Current Advanced Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Current Advanced Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
468	International Journal of Current Science [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Current Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
469	International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
470	International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
471	International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
472	International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
473	International Journal of Energy and Water Resources [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Energy and Water Resources (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
474	International Journal of Engineering & Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering & Technology International Journal of Engineering and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
475	International Journal of Engineering Development and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
476	International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications [Beall's journal list · Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
477	International Journal of Engineering Research and Development [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
478	International Journal of Engineering Researches and Management Studies [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Researches and Management Studies (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
479	International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
480	International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
481	International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
482	International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
483	International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
484	International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
485	International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences [Beall's journal list / update]	International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
486	International Journal of Health Sciences and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Health Sciences and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
487	International Journal of Home Science [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Home Science (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
488	International Journal of Indian Psychology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Indian Psychology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
489	International Journal of Information Technology [Lying about DOAJ]	International Journal of Information Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
490	International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
491	International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
492	International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
493	International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
494	International Journal of Management Research and Business Strategy [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Management Research and Business Strategy (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
495	International Journal of Management and Social Science Research Review [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Management and Social Science Research Review (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
496	International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
497	International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research [Beall's journal list / update]	International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
498	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
499	International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000
500	International Journal of New Technology and Research [Beall's journal list]	International Journal of New Technology and Research (1 in 1)	1	1	1.000

Legend

Title (bold link) : page existed at time of database dump
Title (bold underlined link) : page existed, as a disambiguation page, at time of database dump
Title (italicized link) : page existed, as a redirect, at time of database dump
Title (italicized underlined link) : page existed, as a redirect to a disambiguation page, at time of database dump
Title (regular blue link) page did not exist at time of database dump
Title (non-link) : title contains invalid characters for a Wikipedia page title
Title (redlink): A red link means the article does not currently exist. This is either because the corresponding article did not exist at the time of the dump (regular red link), or has since been deleted (red link with formatting).
In an entry like The Foobar Journal (13 in 6), the "13 in 6" means that the entry was found 13 times in 6 article. When an entry is found in 5 or fewer articles, they will be listed for convenience.

Date

Compilation last updated on 23 April 2025. The Wikipedia CiteWatch results are based on the database dump of 20 April 2025, using this configuration, with these exclusions.

← Questionable4	Current Questionable5	→ Questionable6