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{{Short description|Combined real-and-virtual environment}}
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[[File:Extended reality types.svg|thumb|Types of extended reality|300px]]
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|image1=Navit Reality View next to reality.jpg
|alt1=Augmented reality (AR)
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|alt3=Virtual reality (VR)
|footer='''From top to bottom:''' Augmented reality through a handheld device, augmented reality through a headset, and virtual reality
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'''Extended reality''' ('''XR''') is an [[umbrella term]] to refer to [[augmented reality]] (AR), [[mixed reality]] (MR), and [[virtual reality]] (VR). The technology is intended to combine or mirror the physical world with a "[[digital twin]] world" able to interact with it,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tu |first=Xinyi |date=2023 |title=TwinXR: Method for using digital twin descriptions in industrial eXtended reality applications |journal=Frontiers in Virtual Reality |language=en |volume=4 |doi= 10.3389/frvir.2023.1019080 |issn=2673-4192 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Casini |first=Marco |date=2022 |title=Extended Reality for Smart Building Operation and Maintenance: A Review |journal=Energies |language=en |volume=15 |issue=10 |pages=3785 |doi=10.3390/en15103785 |issn=1996-1073 |doi-access=free |hdl=11573/1637935 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> giving users an immersive experience by being in a virtual or augmented environment. 

The fields of virtual reality and augmented reality are rapidly growing and being applied in a wide range of areas such as entertainment, [[cinematic virtual reality|cinema]], marketing, real estate, training, education, maintenance<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coupry|first=Corentin|date=2021|title=BIM-Based Digital Twin and XR Devices to Improve Maintenance Procedures in Smart Buildings: A Literature Review|journal=Applied Sciences|volume=11 |issue=15 |page=6810 |doi=10.3390/app11156810|issn=2076-3417|doi-access=free}}</ref> and [[remote work]].<ref>{{Cite SSRN|last=Chuah|first=Stephanie Hui-Wen|date=2018|title=Why and Who Will Adopt Extended Reality Technology? Literature Review, Synthesis, and Future Research Agenda|ssrn=3300469}}</ref> Extended reality has the ability to be used for joint effort in the workplace, training, educational purposes, therapeutic treatments, and data exploration and analysis.

Extended reality works by using visual data acquisition that is either accessed locally or shared and transfers over a network and to the human senses. By enabling real-time responses in a virtual stimulus these devices create customized experiences. Advancing in [[5G]] and [[edge computing]] – a type of computing that is done "at or near the source of data" – could aid in data rates, increase user capacity, and reduce latency. These applications will likely expand extended reality into the future.

Around one-third of the global extended reality market is attributed to Europe.{{citation needed|date=November 2024}}

In 2018 the BBC launched a research project to capture and document the barriers present in extended reality environments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=XR Barriers Research - Accessibility for Products - BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/forproducts/xr/ |access-date=2025-01-31 |website=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

The International Institute of MetaNumismatics (INIMEN) studies the applications of extended reality technologies in numismatic research, with a dedicated department.<ref>[https://zenodo.org/records/14983602 International Institute of MetaNumismatics, INIMEN Report 1 (2019-2024)]</ref>


==See also==
<!--Please respect the alphabetic order of this list. If this list is unalphabetic, it must be resorted.-->
* {{anl|Computer-mediated reality}}
* {{anl|Head-mounted display}}
* {{anl|Immersion (virtual reality)}}
* {{anl|Metaverse}}
* {{anl|On-set virtual production}}
* {{anl|OpenXR}}
* {{anl|Reality–virtuality continuum}}
* {{anl|Smartglasses}}
* {{anl|Spatial computing}}
* {{anl|Wearable computer}}
* {{anl|WebXR}}

==References==
<references />

==Sources==
* {{cite web |url=https://www.pwc.com/us/en/technology-forecast/augmented-reality/augmented-reality-road-ahead.html |title=The road ahead for augmented reality |work=pwc |author1=Vinod Baya |author2=Erik Sherman}}
* Pereira, Fernando. "Deep Learning-Based Extended Reality: Making Humans and Machines Speak the Same Visual Language." In ''Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Interactive eXtended Reality'', 1–2. IXR ’22. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1145/3552483.3555366</nowiki>. 
* United States Government Accountability Office. ''Extended Reality Technologies.'' Science & Tech Spotlight. Washington, D.C: GAO, Science, Technology Assessment, and Analytics, 2022.
* Boel, Carl, Kim Dekeyser, Fien Depaepe, Luis Quintero, Tom van Daele, and Brenda Wiederhold. ''Extended Reality: Opportunities, Success Stories and Challenges (Health, Education) : Executive Summary''. Luxembourg: Publications Office, 2023. <nowiki>https://op.europa.eu/publication/manifestation_identifier/PUB_KK0722997ENN</nowiki>.
* Sayler, Kelley M. "Military Applications of Extended Reality." IF 12010. Washington, D.C: Congressional Research Service, 2022.

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[[Category:Extended reality| ]]
[[Category:Hyperreality]]
[[Category:User interface techniques]]
[[Category:Wearable computers]]
[[Category:Wearable devices]]
[[Category:Subfields of computer science]]
[[Category:Science fiction themes]]

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