List of DC Comics characters: J
J.A.K.E. 1
[edit]J.A.K.E. 2
[edit]J'onn J'onzz
[edit]M'yrnn J'onzz
[edit]M'yrnn J'onzz is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. His first appearance was in Martian Manhunter (vol. 2) #30 (August 2001).[1]
M'yrnn J'onzz is the father of J'onn J'onzz / Martian Manhunter and Ma'alefa'ak.[2] He was captured by Apokoliptian forces, who separated his soul from his body. When J'onn arrives to free the Martians from Apokolips, he finds his father, but is unable to reunite his body and soul. Instead, J'onn frees M'yrnn's soul from containment, allowing him to attack the Apokoliptians before leaving for the afterlife.[3]
M'yrnn J'onzz in other media
[edit]M'yrnn J'onzz appears in Supergirl, portrayed by Carl Lumbly.[4][5] This version was captured by the White Martians and coerced into revealing the location of the Staff of Kolar, a psychic weapon believed to be the key to ending a war. After being rescued by Supergirl, Martian Manhunter and Miss Martian, and taken to live in National City on Earth, M'yrnn develops a form of dementia before sacrificing himself to stop Reign from terraforming Earth. Following his death, M'yrnn appears as a spirit and in flashbacks.
Helga Jace
[edit]Jack
[edit]Jack of Clubs
[edit]Jack of Fire
[edit]Jack O'Lantern
[edit]Jackal
[edit]Jackhammer
[edit]Jefferson Jackson
[edit]Further reading |
Jefferson Jackson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is a supporting character of Ronnie Raymond (a.k.a. Firestorm) who makes his debut in Firestorm (vol. 2) #1 (June 1982).
Jackson is a former student of Bradley High School in Manhattan, New York. During his time at Bradley High, Jackson joins the school's basketball team, where he meets and befriends Ronnie.[6]
Jefferson Jackson in other media
[edit]- Jefferson "Jax" Jackson appears in media set in the Arrowverse, portrayed by Franz Drameh.[7][8]
- Introduced in The Flash episode "The Fury of Firestorm", this version is a former high school football player who was injured when S.T.A.R. Labs' particle accelerator exploded and was forced to become a mechanic instead. Following Ronnie Raymond's death and due to Martin Stein's F.I.R.E.S.T.O.R.M. matrix destabilizing, the Flash and his allies find and recruit Jax to save Stein and become the new Firestorm as all three were similarly affected by the particle accelerator.
- Jax appears in the second-season premiere of Vixen, voiced by Franz Drameh.[9]
- Jax appears in Legends of Tomorrow. In the first season, Rip Hunter recruits him and Stein to join his Legends and help defeat Vandal Savage. Despite Jax refusing and Stein bringing him against his will, the former grows to appreciate being part of a team. In the second and third seasons, Stein inadvertently changes the timeline and gives himself a daughter, who goes on to have a son named Ronnie. In light of this, Jax asks his teammate Ray Palmer for help in developing a formula to separate the F.I.R.E.S.T.O.R.M. matrix so the former can use Firestorm's power on his own and allow Stein to be with his family. In "Crisis on Earth-X", Stein is fatally injured while helping the Legends and Earth-1's heroes combat Nazis from Earth-X, but drinks Palmer's formula to save Jax from suffering his fate, sacrificing himself in the process. The distraught Jax leaves the Legends to heal from his grief, though a future version appears in the third-season finale to help them defeat Mallus.
Jaclyn
[edit]Gordon Jacobs
[edit]Jade
[edit]Jade Tiger
[edit]| First appearance | Batgirl (2024) #9 (2025) |
|---|---|
| Created by | Tate Brombal, Takeshi Miyazawa |
| Teams | Batgirl (Cassandra Cain) |
| Abilities | Skilled martial artist |
| Aliases | Jade Tiger |
Jade Tiger, alter-ego Tenji Turner, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He first appears in Batgirl (2024) #9, and was created by writer Tate Brombal and artist Takeshi Miyazawa.
Jade Tiger is the son of Bronze Tiger and Lady Shiva, making him the half-brother of Cassandra Cain and of African American, Japanese, and Chinese descent. Sharing the same name as Bronze Tiger's Japanese teacher, O-Sensei, Tenji was trained by both parents and Richard Dragon while his existence was kept secret due to Ben's protective influence.[10]
Shortly before Lady Shiva's demise, she alludes for her to find the "Jade Tiger", with a grieving Cassandra first unsure of it until an encounter with Bronze Tiger, whom then reveals himself as her half-brother. The pair battles both an Unburied assassin and a Blood ninja whom is revealed to be their cousin, the ordeal allowing Ben to give his blessing for Tenji to travel alongside Cassandra and let go his protectiveness.[10]
Rip Jagger
[edit]Thomas Jagger
[edit]Jakeem Thunder
[edit]Aubrey James
[edit]Aubrey James is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.
Aubrey James is the mayor of Gotham City and a friend of Thomas Wayne. He is later murdered, as mentioned in The Madmen of Gotham.[11]
Aubrey James in other media
[edit]Aubrey James appears in Gotham, portrayed by Richard Kind.[12] This version is shown to be on Carmine Falcone's payroll.
Java
[edit]Java is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He was created by Bob Haney and Ramona Fradon, and first appeared in The Brave and the Bold #57 (January 1965). His name and "caveman" status may be derived from the Java Man.
Java is the Neanderthal servant of Simon Stagg, who discovered and revived him. Java is present when Rex Mason finds the Orb of Ra in Egypt and transforms into Metamorpho. He pines for Simon's daughter Sapphire Stagg, but is rejected because she is in love with Metamorpho.[13]
Simon later kills Java, but he resurfaces at Metamorpho's funeral.[14][15] In Outsiders (vol. 4), Simon transforms Java into a Shaggy Man before Freight Train defeats him.[16][17][18]
In the DC Rebirth relaunch, Java operates as the supervillain Doctor Dread and forms a counterpart of the Terrifics called the Dreadfuls.[19][20]
Java in other media
[edit]- Java appears in the Justice League episode "Metamorphosis", voiced by Richard Moll.[21]
- Java appears in The Flash episode "Fastest Man Alive", portrayed by Michasha Armstrong. This version is a contemporary African-American human and Stagg Enterprises' head of security who is killed by Multiplex.
Javelin
[edit]| First appearance | Green Lantern (vol. 2) #173 (February 1984) |
|---|---|
| Created by | Len Wein Dave Gibbons |
| Abilities | Uses gimmicked javelins and other gadgetry |
| Aliases | Unknown |
The Javelin is a DC Comics supervillain.[22]
The Javelin is a former German Olympic athlete who turns to crime, using his athletic skills and a javelin-based weapons arsenal. He later joins the Suicide Squad in exchange for his criminal record being purged.
In Checkmate, Mirror Master recruits Javelin to frame Amanda Waller, during which he attempts to protect Jewelee and is killed after being run over by a runaway jeep.[23]
Javelin in other media
[edit]- The Javelin makes non-speaking cameo appearances in Justice League Unlimited as a member of Gorilla Grodd's Secret Society.
- The Javelin makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Scorn of the Star Sapphire!".
- A character loosely inspired by the Javelin named Malcolm Byrd appears in the Arrow episode "The Demon", portrayed by Yanik Ethier. This version is a French arms dealer and an associate of the Ninth Circle.
- Gunter Braun / Javelin appears in The Suicide Squad, portrayed by Flula Borg.[24] He is recruited into the eponymous group for a mission to Corto Maltese, but is fatally wounded by the local military and bequeaths his namesake to Harley Quinn.
Jayna
[edit]Lloyd Jefferson
[edit]Jemm
[edit]Jericho
[edit]Ali Jessop
[edit]This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2025) |
Ali Jessop is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.
Ali Jessop is a woman who works at LexCorp.[25]
Ali Jessop in other media
[edit]- Ali Jessop appears in the projects set in the DC Universe, portrayed by Bonnie Discepolo:
- Ali Jessop appears in Superman. This version is an employee of Lex Luthor and is among those in the LexCorp control hub that help to control Ultraman. Following Ultraman's defeat and Lex Luthor being attacked by Krypto, Jessop is among those that were arrested by the military police.
- Ali Jessop appears in Peacemaker season 2. She was among Luthor's minions who were released from prison to serve A.R.G.U.S.
Dinky Jibbet
[edit]Chang Jie-Ru
[edit]Jinx
[edit]Jo Nah
[edit]Johnny Thunder
[edit]Joker
[edit]Joker's Daughter
[edit]Becky Jones
[edit]Malefic Jones
[edit]Nathan Jones
[edit]Rhea Jones
[edit]Rhea Jones is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is a member of the Doom Patrol under the codename Lodestone who gained magnetic abilities in an electromagnetic explosion that killed her father.[26] Lodestone later undergoes a metamorphosis that enhances her abilities, leaves her face blank, and moves her eyes to her chest and upper back.[27]
Rhea Jones in other media
[edit]- Rhea Jones makes a cameo appearance in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "The Last Patrol!" as part of a poster advertising a carnival's freak show.
- Rhea Jones / Lodestone appears in the Doom Patrol episode "Doom Patrol Patrol", portrayed by Lesa Wilson as a young woman and an uncredited actress as an old woman. This version was a member of a 1950s incarnation of the Doom Patrol before they were defeated by Mr. Nobody and disbanded. As most of the team were left mentally ill following the battle, Joshua Clay became their caretaker.
Tao Jones
[edit]Tao Jones is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.
She was among the children who were experimented on by Doctor Love while they were still in their mother's womb, causing her to develop the ability to generate force fields. She becomes a member of Helix and an enemy of Infinity, Inc.[28]
Tao Jones in other media
[edit]Tao Jones appears in the Stargirl episode "Frenemies – Chapter Eight: Infinity Inc. Part Two", portrayed by Andi Ju. This version is a patient at the Helix Institute for Youth Rehabilitation partnered with Kritter.
Waylon Jones
[edit]Wendy Jones
[edit]Jor-El
[edit]Hal Jordan
[edit]Harold Jordan
[edit]Jake Jordan
[edit]Larry Jordan
[edit]Jumpa
[edit]Jumpa is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.
On Earth-Two, Jumpa is a Kanga, a flying kangaroo-like creature and friend of Wonder Woman who serves as her mode of transportation on Themyscira.[29]
In Infinite Frontier, a flashback to Wonder Woman's childhood had her working to train Jumpa while riding through Themyscira. However, she is rejected and thrown into the ocean before Hippolyta rescues her.[30]
Jumpa in other media
[edit]- Jumpa appears in the Teen Titans Go! episode "Justice League's Next Top Talent Idol Star: Justice League Edition".
- Jumpa appears in DC Super Hero Girls.
Judge
[edit]The Judge is an alias used by different fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Each iteration is usually depicted as a cloaked figure who sports a courtroom robe, blindfold and mallet-sized gavel while opposing superheroes, such as Batman, Green Lantern and the Flash.
Judge Clay
[edit]Judge Clay (first name unknown) first appeared in Detective Comics #441 (July 1974), and was created by Archie Goodwin and Howard Chaykin. He was a judge in Gotham City who had a scar on his hand, and the father of Melissa Clay. Clay's corrupt dealings were interrupted by Batman which resulted in Melissa's accidental blinding. The Judge blamed Batman so he kidnapped the original Robin as bait for various trap-based weapons in an abandoned summer resort. The Dynamic Duo defeated the Judge before his daughter's accidental death to which he surrendered.[31]
Sheko
[edit]Sheko first appeared in Red Lanterns #30 (June 2014), and was created by Charles Soule, Jim Calafiore and Alessandro Vitti. She is a member of the Red Lantern Corps from the planet Primeen. Sheko served as a judge who gets disillusioned over the decades as Primeen's justice system came to favor the corrupt elite. Passing a guilty judgment on prince Karsik resulted in her bribed bailiff Parthu shooting Sheko who is chosen by a power ring as the Judge, enacting her own form of justice across her planet. Her actions brought the attention of Guy Gardner and Atrocitus to recruit her to opposing Red Lantern factions. The Judge insisted on hearing all sides before her judgment culminates in her suicide attack.[32]
Jacob de Witt
[edit]Jacob de Witt first appeared in Nightwing (vol. 4) #35 (February 2018), and was created by Sam Humphries and Bernard Chang. He is a 17th-century blind immortal judge with the ability to see corruption in people's hearts. De Witt operated in the present as the Judge, a serial killer who sports sunglasses in Blüdhaven until he is defeated by Dick Grayson.[33]
Hunter Zolomon
[edit]Hunter Zolomon is the Judge in Central City. Manipulated by Eobard Thawne, he is a cloaked figure who sends the 25th-century Renegades back in time in order to antagonize Barry Allen and Wally West.[34][35]
Judge in other media
[edit]- An original incarnation of the Judge appears in The Adventures of Batman episode "Enter the Judge", voiced by Ted Knight. This version was an unnamed master criminal who stole a visiting judge's outfit after being denied parole and forms a jury out of different criminals to punish anyone who opposes crime.
- An original incarnation of the Judge appears in The New Batman Adventures episode "Judgment Day", voiced by Malachi Throne.[36] This version is the third alternate personality of Harvey Dent / Two-Face who operates as a violent court-themed vigilante.
- An original incarnation of the Judge appears as a boss in DC Universe Online. This version resembles the Grim Reaper and utilizes a dagger-axe.
Judomaster
[edit]Judomaster is the name of several superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Originally owned by Charlton Comics, the character was acquired by DC Comics in 1983.[37]
Rip Jagger
[edit]Hadley "Rip" Jagger, a sergeant in World War II in the United States Army. He rescued the daughter of a Pacific island chief and, in return, was taught the martial art of judo.[38] He had a kid sidekick named Tiger who later became Nightshade's martial arts instructor as an adult. Jagger was created by writer Joe Gill and artist Frank McLaughlin; McLaughlin created the character at a time when he intended to leave Charlton and work freelance. Charlie Santangelo, the head of Charlton and a friend of McLaughlin, helped him publish Judomaster, who was inspired by McLaughlin and Santangelo's shared interest in judo.[39]
After DC Comics acquired Judomaster, the character was reimagined as a member of the All-Star Squadron.[40] His sidekick Tiger was re-imagined as the villain Avatar in the L.A.W. miniseries published by DC Comics, which starred several Charlton characters.
During the Infinite Crisis storyline, Judomaster is killed by Bane.[41]
Andreas Havoc
[edit]Andreas Havoc, an enemy of Thunderbolt, challenged Thunderbolt to battle, feeling that his rightful position as "Vajra" had been stolen by him. The Blue Beetle, Captain Atom, and Nightshade assisted Thunderbolt in battling Havoc in a psychic battle while a new, never-named Judomaster helped rescue the heroes in the physical world.
Thomas Jagger
[edit]Thomas "Tommy" Jagger is the son of Rip Jagger, from whom he inherited the name Judomaster. Thomas is a high-ranking field agent within the organization Checkmate, within which he is known as the White Knight. Following his father's death, Thomas confronts his killer Bane, but decides against avenging his father.[42]
Sonia Sato
[edit]Sonia Sato is introduced in the Birds of Prey series as a member of the eponymous group. Sonia is a metahuman with the ability to project an "aversion field" which prevents her from being hit by attacks specifically aimed at her. This does not include attacks that have no aim, such as random projectiles and explosions. With the help of the Justice Society of America, she stops yakuza assassins led by Tiger. Sonia is in a relationship with Damage, kissing him even after his temporarily healed face was reverted to his heavily scarred one.[43] Sonia's romance with Damage is ended when he is killed by the reanimated Jean Loring during Blackest Night.[44] Sonia and Atom Smasher search the city for survivors, only to encounter Damage, who has been resurrected as a Black Lantern.[45]
In Doomsday Clock, Judomaster appears as a member of Big Monster Action.[46]
Other versions of Judomaster
[edit]- An unidentified female Judomaster appears in Kingdom Come as a member of Magog's Justice Battalion.
- An unidentified, alternate universe variant of Judomaster from Earth-4, visually based on Rip Jagger, makes a cameo appearance in 52.[47][48]
- An alternate universe variant of Sonia Sato from Earth-2 appears in Earth 2 #9. This version is Japan's representative in the World Army.[49]
Judomaster in other media
[edit]- Sonia Sato appears in the Stargirl episode "Summer School: Chapter Ten", portrayed by Kristen Lee. This version is a Blue Valley citizen who runs a coffee stand.
- The Rip Jagger incarnation of Judomaster appears in Peacemaker, portrayed by Nhut Le.[50] This version works for United States Senator Royland Goff and the parasitic alien Butterflies in the first season and A.R.G.U.S. in the second season who goes on to help found Checkmate. Additionally, he wears a green suit instead of red and white, to better represent Le's cultural background as a Vietnamese-American,[51] and identifies as being gay and a Buddhist.[52]
- Rip Jagger appears in Batman: Soul of the Dragon, voiced by Chris Cox.[53] This version is a student of O-Sensei and member of the Kobra cult. He kills Jade to unleash Nāga from his dimension before being killed by his demonic servants.
- The Sonia Sato incarnation of Judomaster appears as a character summon in Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure.[54]
Tadwallader Jutefruce
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Lane, Carly; Johnson, Rebecca; Behbakht, Andy (September 14, 2017). "Supergirl Radio Season 2.5 - Character Spotlight: M'yrnn J'onzz". Supergirl Radio. Archived from the original on November 23, 2017.
- ^ Martian Manhunter (vol. 2) #33 (August 2001)
- ^ Martian Manhunter (vol. 2) #34 (September 2001)
- ^ Schwerdtfeger, Conner (October 5, 2017). "Supergirl Just Added A Beloved DC Voice Actor". Cinema Blend. Archived from the original on November 26, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
- ^ Bucksbaum, Sydney (July 22, 2017). "DC TV Watch at Comic-Con: All the Highlights From Supergirl, Black Lightning, Arrow and More". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 12, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2025.
- ^ Firestorm (vol. 2) #1 (June 1982)
- ^ Andreeva, Nellie (February 26, 2015). "Arrow/Flash Superhero Team-Up Spinoff In Works At CW; Brandon Routh, Victor Garber, Wentworth Miller, Caity Lotz Star". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 27, 2015. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
- ^ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (April 23, 2015). "'Arrow' 'Flash' Spinoff Adds Franz Drameh as Jay Jackson". ScreenCrush. Archived from the original on April 25, 2015. Retrieved July 3, 2024.
- ^ Damore, Meagan (July 20, 2016). "CASSIDY'S BLACK CANARY, ATOM & MORE WILL APPEAR IN "VIXEN" SEASON 2". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on July 23, 2016. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
- ^ a b Brombal, Tate (2025). "Batgirl (2024) #9-11". DC Comics.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|url=(help) - ^ Malmont, Paul (September 29, 2014). "The #DCTV Secrets of GOTHAM: Episode 2". DC Comics. Archived from the original on October 3, 2014. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
- ^ Boucher, Geoff (April 22, 2019). "Gotham Trailer: Batman Begins As Fox's Prequel Series Ends This Thursday". Deadline Holywood. Archived from the original on April 22, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
- ^ Metamorpho (vol. 2) #1 (August 1993)
- ^ JLA #5 (May 1997)
- ^ The Brave and the Bold #57 (January 1965)
- ^ Outsiders (vol. 4) #30–31 (July–August 2010)
- ^ Outsiders (vol. 4) #35 (February 2011)
- ^ Legends of Tomorrow #1 (May 2016)
- ^ The Terrifics #1–2 (April–May 2018)
- ^ The Terrifics #12–14 (March–May 2019)
- ^ "Java Voice - Justice League (TV Show)". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2024. A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information.
- ^ Rovin, Jeff (1987). The Encyclopedia of Super-Villains. New York: Facts on File. p. 169. ISBN 0-8160-1356-X.
- ^ Checkmate (vol. 2) #6 (November 2006)
- ^ Vary, Adam B. (August 22, 2020). "The Suicide Squad First Look, Full Cast Revealed by Director James Gunn at DC FanDome". Variety. Archived from the original on August 22, 2020. Retrieved July 3, 2024.
- ^ Action Comics #892 (October 2010)
- ^ Irvine, Alex (2008), "Doom Patrol", in Dougall, Alastair (ed.), The Vertigo Encyclopedia, New York: Dorling Kindersley, pp. 61–63, ISBN 978-0-7566-4122-1, OCLC 213309015
- ^ Doom Patrol (vol. 5) #5 (February 2010)
- ^ Infinity, Inc. #17 (August 1985)
- ^ Sensation Comics #6 (June 1942)
- ^ Wonder Woman #770 (May 2021)
- ^ Detective Comics #441 (July 1974)
- ^ Red Lanterns #30–34 (June–October 2014)
- ^ Nightwing (vol. 4) #35–41 (February–May 2018)
- ^ The Flash (vol. 5) Annual #1 (March 2018); #44 (June 2018); #46 (July 2018); #49–50 (August–September 2018)
- ^ The Flash (vol. 5) #80 (December 2019)
- ^ "The Judge Voice - The New Batman Adventures (TV Show)". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved July 3, 2024. A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information.
- ^ Cowsill, Alan; Irvine, Alex; Korte, Steve; Manning, Matt; Wiacek, Win; Wilson, Sven (2016). The DC Comics Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Characters of the DC Universe. DK Publishing. p. 157. ISBN 978-1-4654-5357-0.
- ^ Markstein, Don. "Judomaster". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
- ^ Cooke, Jon B. (2022). The Charlton companion: a history of the Derby, Connecticut, publisher and its comic books. Raleigh, North Carolina. p. 130. ISBN 978-1-60549-111-0.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Thomas, Roy (2006). The All-Star Companion: Vol 2. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 87. ISBN 978-1893905375.
- ^ Infinite Crisis #7 (June 2006)
- ^ Checkmate #11-12 (April - May 2007)
- ^ Justice Society of America (vol. 3) #22 (February 2009)
- ^ Blackest Night #4 (December 2009)
- ^ Blackest Night: JSA #1 (December 2009)
- ^ Doomsday Clock #6 (July 2018)
- ^ 52 #52 (July 2007)
- ^ Brady, Matt (May 8, 2007). "The 52 Exit Interviews: Grant Morrison". Newsarama. Archived from the original on May 10, 2007. Retrieved May 12, 2007.
- ^ Earth 2 #9 (April 2013)
- ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 4, 2021). "'Peacemaker': James Gunn HBO Max Series Adds Nhut Le As Judomaster". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
- ^ Plainse, Josh (March 14, 2022). "Why Judomaster's Peacemaker Suit is Green & Not Comic-Accurate". Screen Rant. Retrieved July 15, 2025.
- ^ Jones, Alethea (director); James Gunn (writer) (October 2, 2025). "Like a Keith in the Night". Peacemaker. Season 2. Episode 7. HBO Max.
- ^ Dar, Taimur (December 11, 2020). "Check out new images from BATMAN: SOUL OF THE DRAGON animated feature". Comicsbeat. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
- ^ Eisen, Andrew (October 2, 2013). "DC Characters and Objects - Scribblenauts Unmasked Guide". IGN. Retrieved August 5, 2024.