Türkisch-Armenischer Krieg
Vorlage:Infobox Military Conflict Vorlage:Campaignbox Turkish-Armenian War
Beginning on 24 July 1920, the Turkish-Armenian War was a series of four battles and many small skirmishes between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and groups of the Turkish National Movement. The decisive Armenian victory at the Battle of Sardarabad against the Ottoman Empire during Caucasus Campaign of the WWI proved that Armenia was a power in the region. In 1920 Anatolia was in a disarray and Treaty of Sèvres of August 10, 1920 could not be enforced because of the Turkish National Movement.
Armenia initially moved its forces into Oltu, which was followed by Georgian forces occupying Artvin on 25 July. These moves were designed to show the Armenian and Georgian determination, which was reflected to Treaty of Sèvres that was signed within a month.
The response of Turkish Revolutionaries to these moves was sent by Kâzım Karabekir Paşa, who moved the Turkish forces towards the eastern border on September 20 1920. Armenia declared war on Turkey on 24 September, 1920. The fighting was halted for a month the Turkish forces then moved in additional support, but still gave another chance for peaceful talks. However, this opportunity slipped away when a second Turkish offensive began on December 27, 1920.
The conflict was ultimately resolved by the surrender of the Armenians in the Treaty of Alexandropol, in Alexandropol (now Gyumri). In this treaty the Armenians surrendered the bulk of their weapons and territory to the Turks. The arms left over by the defeated Armenian forces were sent to West Turkey to help develop the resistance against the Greeks.
The Treaty of Alexandropol was later superseded by the Treaty of Kars. This treaty was signed in Kars on October 23, 1921 and ratified in Yerevan on September 11 1922. At this point the Democratic Republic of Armenia had become part of the Soviet Union, and, in December 1922, it was reorganized into the Transcaucasian SFSR.
| Eastern Front Battles | ||||||||
| Name | Land/Sea | Guest (1) | General | Home (2) | General | Date | Side | Treaty |
| Oltu | Armenia | National Forces | 25 July 1920 | 1 | ||||
| Sarıkamış | Armenia | National Forces | 29 September 1920 | 2 | ||||
| Kars | Armenia | National Forces | Albay Halit Bey (Karsıalan) | 30 October 1920 | 2 | |||
| Gümrü | Armenia | National Forces | 7 November 1920 | 2 | Treaty of Alexandropol | |||
See also
External links
- Turkish-Armenian War of 1920 (In Russian)
(In English)