Haplogruppe E (Y-DNA)

In human genetics, Haplogroup E (M96) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.

This haplogroup contains a number of groups in Horn of Africa and the Middle East. Some derived clades are also found at moderate frequencies in populations of Europe, particularly among those that reside near the Mediterranean, which is believed to represent ancient genetic influence from the Middle East to Europe.

The distribution of E3b in Europe is shown as the group in yellow on the fourth page of King and Underhill's paper on Neolithic ceramics. It is seen most frequently along the Mediterranean coast - especially at the eastern end. Semino et al saw E3b at frequencies of 20-24% in Greece, 10-27% in Italy, and 2-11% in Spain. Capelli et al saw E3b in Britain at frequencies of 0-6%, in Germany at 3%, and less than 0.5% in Norway.

This haplogroup is believed to have originated in the Horn of Africa some 50,000 years before present. Along with haplogroup D, E contains the distinctive YAP polymorphism, which indicates their common ancestry.

Subbranches of this haplogroup include E3a (M2) and E3b (M35).

Both D and E also contain the M168 change, which is present in all Y-chromosome haplogroups except A and B.

External links

• Spread of Haplogroup E, from National Geographic

Evolutionsbaum Haplogruppen Y-chromosomale DNA (Y-DNA)
	Adam des Y-Chromosoms
		A00		A0’1'2’3'4
			A0	A1’2'3’4
				A1	A2’3'4
					A2’3	A4=BCDEF
				A2	A3		B		CT
												|
							DE				CF
				D		E				C		F
								|
									G								IJK		H
									|									|
							G1	G2								IJ	K
																|						|
													I		J						L			K(xLT)		T
													|				|							|
											I1			I2			J1		J2				M	NO		P		S
																								|			|
													|														|
											N		O													Q	R
																												|
																										R1		R2
																										|
																								R1a			R1b