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Alexandre de Moraes

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Vorlage:Infobox officeholder Alexandre de Moraes (Vorlage:IPA-pt; born 13 December 1968 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian jurist, currently serving as president of the Superior Electoral Court and as a justice of the Supreme Federal Court.

De Moraes was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Michel Temer in 2017 when serving as Minister of Justice and Public Security. [1] Previously Justice Moraes acted as Secretary for Public Security in the State of São Paulo and had been a member of the Brazilian Public Prosecutor's Office. [2] De Moraes's presidency of Brazil's Superior Electoral Court and certain actions he took during the 2022 Brazilian general election has made him the target of allegations and criticisms by former President Jair Bolsonaro and his supporters. [3] After the 2023 Brazilian Congress attack, de Moraes ordered several judicial actions to maintain Brazil's democratic rule.[4]

Life

Married with three children, Alexandre de Moraes studied at the Law Faculty of the University of São Paulo, graduating in 1990.[5]

De Moraes is an associate professor of the Law School, University of São Paulo (USP). He received a doctorate in State Law from the same university under the supervision of professor Dalmo Dallari, with a thesis about constitutional jurisdiction.Vorlage:Citation needed

He was a member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB). In 2002, he was appointed Secretary of Public Security of the State of São Paulo.[6]

Alexandre de Moraes has been involved in several corruption related scandals,[7][8] Alexandre de Moraes is suspected of receiving [9]$4 million[10][11][12][13][14] [15] from a company that was part of the nation's largest graft scheme involving the Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores - PT) investigated by the Federal Police.[16][17][18][19][20][21] Despite several corruption allegations and controversies[22][23][24][25][26] De Moraes was nominated minister of the Supreme Federal Court by president Michel Temer on 22 February 2017,[27] succeeding minister Teori Zavascki, who was killed on 19 January 2017 in a plane crash,[28] while overseeing the investigation of politicians linked to the nation's largest graft scheme.[29][30]

Alexandre de Moraes assumed office on 22 March 2017. As minister, he claims to defend a policy of "zero tolerance". He denounced the alleged "criminal attitudes" of leftist movements and justified police violence. He was at the centre of another controversy when the Brazilian newspaper Estadão published an investigation claiming that he had intervened to defend the Transcooper cooperative, suspected of being linked to Brazil's main drug trafficking group, the First Command of the Capital (PCC), which he denied.[31]

On 10 June 2020, de Moraes – in response to a legal challenge from three political parties – said the health ministry must "fully re-establish the daily divulgation of epidemiological data on the Covid-19 pandemic", including on its website: «Mr Moraes gave President Jair Bolsonaro's government 48 hours to release the full figures again».[32]

On 16 August 2022, de Moraes was elected as the presiding justice of the Superior Electoral Court, in a public ceremony with 2000 guests at the court auditorium. The justice Ricardo Lewandowski took place as his vice-president on duty.[33][34][35]

2020 Brazil Judiciary fake news inquiry

In April 2019, the Supreme Federal Court president Dias Toffoli, a former legal representative for the Workers' Party (PT) in the presidential campaigns of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in 1998, 2002 and 2006,[36] launched an inquiry to investigate personal attacks and statements against court members. Moraes was chosen as its rapporteur.[37] That month, Crusoé magazine reported that a document from Operation Car Wash revealed that then-Solicitor General Toffoli was also involved in the Odebrecht scandal, lead by the Workers' Party (PT) and involving former president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva,[38][39][40][41][42][43] according to the company's former chairman Marcelo Odebrecht.

On 15 April, de Moraes ordered that Crusoé take down the article from their website. Toffoli himself later requested a probe into whether Crusoé illegally leaked the document. The Court's decision on the matter was criticized by outlets such as The Intercept on the basis of censorship and attack on the freedom of the press.[44][45]

On 27 May 2020, as part of that same inquiry, the Federal Police launched an operation probing businessmen, bloggers and politicians allied to President Jair Bolsonaro.[46]

Several politicians (liberals and conservatives), private sector, civil society members and medias accused de Moraes of practicing nepotism, political interference, of political repression, abusing of power and deploying a constitutional dictatorship.[47][48][49][50]

On 19 March 2022, de Moraes ordered the suspension of the messaging app Telegram, accusing it of repeatedly failing to block accounts spreading disinformation, and ignoring previous court decisions. President Bolsonaro called the ruling "inadmissible", while Telegram founder Pavel Durov blamed the company's failings on email issues, pledging to do a better job.[51]

Notes

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See also

References

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  1. ↑ Brazil Senate committee approves Temer pick for Supreme Court In: Reuters, 21 February 2017. Abgerufen im 13 March 2023 
  2. ↑ Conheça o currículo do ministro Alexandre de Moraes In: Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, 11 August 2022. Abgerufen im 13 March 2023 
  3. ↑ On Eve of Election, Bolsonaro’s Party Attacks Brazil’s Voting Systems In: The New York Times, 29 September 2022. Abgerufen im 13 March 2023 
  4. ↑ He Is Brazil’s Defender of Democracy. Is He Actually Good for Democracy? In: New York Times, 22 January 2023. Abgerufen im 21 February 2023 
  5. ↑ Brésil : Le juge Alexandre de Moraes, bête noire de Bolsonaro In: Le Monde.fr, 15 October 2021. Abgerufen im 12 November 2021 
  6. ↑ Brésil : Le juge Alexandre de Moraes, bête noire de Bolsonaro In: Le Monde.fr, 15 October 2021. Abgerufen im 12 November 2021 
  7. ↑ João FilhoJoão Filho2 de Outubro de 2016, 13h16: As trapalhadas de Alexandre de Moraes no governo das aparências. In: The Intercept Brasil. Abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (portugiesisch).
  8. ↑ Relembre dez controvérsias envolvendo Moraes, indicado ao STF. Abgerufen im 8 November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch). 
  9. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  10. ↑ Alexandre de Moraes recebeu R$ 4 milhões de empresa alvo da Acrônimo. In: Valor Econômico. Abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  11. ↑ Continue lendo com acesso ilimitado. In: www1.folha.uol.com.br. Abgerufen am 11. November 2022.
  12. ↑ Jornal GGN: Repasse de R$ 4 milhões a Moraes é abafado na sabatina, com ajuda de Fux. In: Rede Brasil Atual. 22. Februar 2017, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  13. ↑ Ministro da Justiça recebeu R$ 4 milhões de empresa alvo da Acrônimo. In: GZH. 8. Oktober 2016, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  14. ↑ Brazil's Temer taps political ally for top court amid graft probe In: Reuters, 6 February 2017. Abgerufen im 11 November 2022 (englisch). 
  15. ↑ Micael Batista: Em 2011, Alexandre de Moraes recebeu R$ 4 mi de empresa alvo da PF e planilha continha a sigla "PT". In: BR104 - Portal de notícias. 6. November 2022, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  16. ↑ João FilhoJoão Filho2 de Outubro de 2016, 13h16: As trapalhadas de Alexandre de Moraes no governo das aparências. In: The Intercept Brasil. Abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (portugiesisch).
  17. ↑ Relembre dez controvérsias envolvendo Moraes, indicado ao STF. Abgerufen im 8 November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch). 
  18. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  19. ↑ Conheça a Linha do tempo — Caso Lava Jato. In: www.mpf.mp.br. Abgerufen am 11. November 2022.
  20. ↑ Operation Car Wash: The biggest corruption scandal ever? In: the Guardian. 1. Juni 2017, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (englisch).
  21. ↑ Micael Batista: Em 2011, Alexandre de Moraes recebeu R$ 4 mi de empresa alvo da PF e planilha continha a sigla "PT". In: BR104 - Portal de notícias. 6. November 2022, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  22. ↑ João FilhoJoão Filho2 de Outubro de 2016, 13h16: As trapalhadas de Alexandre de Moraes no governo das aparências. In: The Intercept Brasil. Abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (portugiesisch).
  23. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  24. ↑ Relembre dez controvérsias envolvendo Moraes, indicado ao STF. Abgerufen im 8 November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch). 
  25. ↑ Jornal GGN: Repasse de R$ 4 milhões a Moraes é abafado na sabatina, com ajuda de Fux. In: Rede Brasil Atual. 22. Februar 2017, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  26. ↑ Brazil's Temer taps political ally for top court amid graft probe In: Reuters, 6 February 2017. Abgerufen im 11 November 2022 (englisch). 
  27. ↑ Brazil's Temer taps political ally for top court amid graft probe In: Reuters, 6 February 2017. Abgerufen im 11 November 2022 (englisch). 
  28. ↑ Renan Ramalho: Alexandre de Moraes toma posse no próximo dia 22 de março, informa STF. G1, 22. Februar 2017, abgerufen am 16. März 2017 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  29. ↑ Funeral of major graft probe judge killed in plane crash In: Reuters, 21 January 2017. Abgerufen im 8 November 2022 (englisch). 
  30. ↑ Brazil's Temer taps political ally for top court amid graft probe In: Reuters, 6 February 2017. Abgerufen im 11 November 2022 (englisch). 
  31. ↑ Brésil : Le juge Alexandre de Moraes, bête noire de Bolsonaro In: Le Monde.fr, 15 October 2021. Abgerufen im 12 November 2021 
  32. ↑ Coronavirus: Brazil resumes publishing Covid-19 data after court ruling, BBC news, 11 June 2020 web.archive.org Fehler bei Vorlage * Parametername unbekannt (Vorlage:Webarchiv): "date"Vorlage:Webarchiv/Wartung/Parameter Fehler bei Vorlage:Webarchiv: Genau einer der Parameter 'wayback', 'webciteID', 'archive-today', 'archive-is' oder 'archiv-url' muss angegeben werden.Vorlage:Webarchiv/Wartung/Linktext_fehltVorlage:Webarchiv/Wartung/URL Fehler bei Vorlage:Webarchiv: enWP-Wert im Parameter 'url'..
  33. ↑ Ministro Alexandre de Moraes toma posse como presidente do TSE In: Agência Brasil, 16 August 2022. Abgerufen im 17 August 2022 (portugiesisch). 
  34. ↑ 'Black box' found after plane crash killed Brazil judge In: Reuters, 20 January 2017. Abgerufen im 11 November 2022 (englisch). 
  35. ↑ Operation Car Wash: The biggest corruption scandal ever? In: the Guardian. 1. Juni 2017, abgerufen am 11. November 2022 (englisch).
  36. ↑ 'PT é página virada', diz ministro Dias Toffoli antes de assumir o TSE. In: O Globo. 13. Mai 2014, abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  37. ↑ Entenda o inquérito do Supremo que investiga ameaças à Corte e veja os pontos polêmicos. In: G1. Abgerufen am 18. Juni 2020 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  38. ↑ "Corrupção na Odebrecht é a mais organizada da história do capitalismo". In: Exame. 20. September 2018, abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  39. ↑ Gioconda BrasilBrasília: Delações da Odebrecht: entenda o maior escândalo de corrupção do país. In: Jornal Hoje. 14. April 2017, abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  40. ↑ Estado de Minas: Odebrecht confirma propinas para o PT. In: Estado de Minas. 8. Oktober 2019, abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  41. ↑ O ocaso da Odebrecht – DW – 28/07/2020. In: dw.com. Abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (portugiesisch).
  42. ↑ ICIJ: Vazamento expõe novos indícios de corrupção no caso Odebrecht. In: Poder360. 26. Juni 2019, abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  43. ↑ PF acusa Lula de corrupção por causa de doação da Odebrecht a Instituto. In: Consultor Jurídico. Abgerufen am 8. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  44. ↑ The Intercept Brasil: 'O amigo do amigo de meu pai': publicamos a reportagem da Crusoé que o STF censurou. In: The Intercept. 16. April 2019, abgerufen am 19. Juni 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
  45. ↑ Correio Braziliense: 'Não houve mordaça nem censura', diz Toffoli sobre tirar reportagem do ar. In: Correio Braziliense. 19. April 2019, abgerufen am 19. Juni 2020 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  46. ↑ Polícia Federal faz buscas em endereços de Roberto Jefferson, Luciano Hang e blogueiros. In: G1. Abgerufen am 18. Juni 2020 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  47. ↑ STF quer legislar e governar ao mesmo tempo. 9. Juni 2020, abgerufen am 18. Juni 2020.
  48. ↑ "Censura, ditadura e vergonha": bolsonaristas reagem a ação da PF. , abgerufen am 27. Mai 2020.
  49. ↑ Advogado confronta Toffoli e Moraes durante sessão do STF: 'A pior ditadura é a do judiciário'. In: jusbrasil.com.br. 15. April 2019, abgerufen am 15. Juni 2020.
  50. ↑ STF governa ilegalmente o País e pune quem incomoda Moraes. In: Estadão. Abgerufen am 10. November 2022 (brasilianisches Portugiesisch).
  51. ↑ Ricardo Brito, Lisandra Paraguassu: Brazil's Supreme Court suspends Telegram, a key Bolsonaro platform In: Reuters, 19 March 2022. Abgerufen im 20 March 2022 (englisch). 
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