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Mustafa Badreddine

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Vorlage:Use dmy dates Vorlage:Infobox person Mustafa Badr Al Din, also known as Mustafa Amine Badreddine, Mustafa Youssef Badreddine, Sami Issa and Elias Fouad Saab,[1] (born 6 April 1961) is military leader of Hezbollah and both cousin and the brother-in-law of late Imad Mugniyah.[2][3][4]

Early life

Badr Al Din was born on 6 April 1961 in Al Ghobeiry, Beirut.[1][4] His parents are Amine Badreddine and Fatima Jezeini.[1]

Early activities and Hezbollah

Until 1982, Al Din, like Mugniyeh, was part of Fatah's Force 17 in Beirut.[5] Later they both joined Hezbollah.[5] Al Din was among Hezbollah's bomb makers.[6]

Al Din is a member of the Shura council for Hezbollah[7] and the head of the unit for overseas operations, Hezbollah's external operations branch.[4][8][5] His aide in this post is Abdul Hadi Hammade, who previously commanded Hezbollah's secret Position 71.[9] Before his appointment to this post in 2009, Al Din served as the commander of Hezbollah's military arm[10] and an adviser to Hezbollah's Secretary General Hassan Nasrallah.[9] Al Din is also Nasrallah's chief of intelligence.[11]

Alleged activities

Al Din entered Kuwait in 1983 on a Lebanese passport under the name of Elias Saab,[12] or Elias Al Saab.[13] He was a member of the militant group Dawa 17[14] or Al Dawa.[15] He was arrested in Kuwait together with 17 suspects one month after seven blasts in the country in a single day on 13 December 1983, including the truck bombings of the US and French embassies in Kuwait City.[16][13] The attacks left nearly five people dead and 86 injured.[17] However, there is another report giving the death toll as 63.[13]

As a result of the 16-week trials,[16] he was sentenced to death for masterminding the attacks.[12][18][19][20] Since his leg had been amputed, he was with a wooden leg in the jail.[13] In the court, Al Din told the prosecuter that he did not recognize the sovereignty of Kuwait.[13]

In order to force the authorities to release Al Din and others, Hezbollah members headed by Imad Mugniyed kidnapped Western citizens in Lebanon.[21] Mugniyeh also hijacked a Kuwait Airways Corporation (KAC) plane in Bangkok in 1988, demanding the release of him and other detainees.[13] Al Din escaped from the prison in 1990 during the invasion of Kuwait[7][22] or the Iraqis released the imprisoned Al Din and the others.[16]

Naharnet argues that after that event Al Din managed to flee to Iran.[4] Later the Iran's Revolutionary Guard returned him to Beirut.[4] Ya Libnan reported that he had been behind the bombing of the US Marine Corps barracks in Lebanon in 1983, killing 241 marines.[23]

The Special Tribunal for Lebanon declared in its report dated June 2011 that Al Din and other three people were behind the assassination of former Lebanon prime minister Rafiq Hariri.[1][24][25] Al Din was specifically accused of planning and supervising the assassination by the tribunal.[26] Accusations about him and other three Hezbollah members were based on mobile phone evidence.[27] Hasan Nasrallah threatened the tribunal upon its declaration.[11] Since then, Al Din and the others have disappeared and allegedly fled to Iran.[11] On 1 February 2012, the Special Tribune for Lebanon decided to try him in absentia.[1] The trial will begin in March 2013.[28]

He was put to the list of Specially Designated Global Terrorists by the US Treasury Department on 13 September 2012 due to his alleged role as top military commander, replacing Mugniyah who died in 2008.[2][29]

Personal life

Al Din's sister Saada Badr Al Din married to her cousin Imad Mugniyah in 1983.[30]

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Vorlage:Persondata

  1. ↑ a b c d e Mustafa Amine Badreddine. Special Tribune for Lebanon, abgerufen am 15. September 2012.
  2. ↑ a b Bill Roggio: US adds 2 senior Hezbollah military leaders to terror list In: Long War Journal, 14 September 2012. Abgerufen im 15 September 2012 
  3. ↑ Erich Follath: New Evidence Points to Hezbollah in Hariri Murder In: Der Spiegel, 23 May 2009. Abgerufen im 15 September 2012 
  4. ↑ a b c d e Mustafa Badreddine, Salim Ayyash, Hassan Aneissy, Assad Sabra among Accused in Hariri Arrest Warrants In: Naharnet, 30 June 2011. Abgerufen im 7 October 2012 
  5. ↑ a b c Hezbollah: Portrait of a Terrorist Organization. The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, 18. Dezember 2012, abgerufen am 12. Januar 2013.
  6. ↑ Steven O'Hern: Iran's Revolutionary Guard: The Threat That Grows While America Sleeps. Potomac Books, Inc., 2012, ISBN 978-1-59797-701-2, S. 213 (google.com [abgerufen am 15. Januar 2013]).
  7. ↑ a b Mustafa Badr Al Din In: All Voices. Abgerufen im 15 September 2012 
  8. ↑ Samuel Segev: Lebanese factions form battle lines In: Winnipeg Free Press, 5 July 2011. Abgerufen im 24 October 2012 
  9. ↑ a b Yossi Melman: Inside Intel / Why sell arms when you can play golf? In: Haaretz, 18 June 2009. Abgerufen im 24 October 2012 
  10. ↑ Casey L. Addis, Christopher M. Blanchard: Hezbollah: Background and Issues for Congress. Congressional Research Service, 8. Oktober 2010, abgerufen am 31. Dezember 2012.
  11. ↑ a b c Erich Follath: Was Murdered Intelligence Chief a Hero or Double Agent? In: Der Spiegel, 5 November 2012 
  12. ↑ a b Lebanon Braces for Hezbollah Backlash Over Hariri Case In: Arab Times, 1 July 2011. Abgerufen im 7 October 2012 
  13. ↑ a b c d e f Top suspect in Hariri murder familiar name in Kuwait jail In: Kuwait Times, 3 July 2011. Abgerufen im 31 December 2012 
  14. ↑ Andrew C. McCarthy: Negotiate with Iran? In: National Review Online, 8 December 2006. Abgerufen im 16 December 2012 
  15. ↑ Shannon W. Caudill: Hizballah Rising: Iran’s Proxy Warriors. In: IFQ. 29. Jahrgang, 2008 (dtic.mil [PDF; abgerufen am 12. Januar 2013]).
  16. ↑ a b c Terrorist attacks on America. PBS, abgerufen am 16. Dezember 2012.
  17. ↑ Shiite leader demands release of 15 In: Times Daily, 13 August 1990. Abgerufen im 16 December 2012 
  18. ↑ Bassem Mroue: Hezbollah figure eyed in Hariri killing In: The Washington Times, 30 June 2011. Abgerufen im 7 October 2012 
  19. ↑ Pierre Tristam: When Terry Anderson Was Released After 2,454 Days As Hezbollah's Hostage. About.com, 4. Dezember 2008, abgerufen am 7. Oktober 2012.
  20. ↑ Court publishes names of 4 suspects in Hariri case In: USA Today, 29 July 2011. Abgerufen im 7 November 2012 
  21. ↑ Caryle Murphy: Bombs, Hostages: A Family Link In: The Washington Post, 24 Juy 1990. Abgerufen im 16 December 2012 
  22. ↑ Escaped Militant Has Role in Hostage Talks In: The New York Times, 16 October 1991. Abgerufen im 7 November 2012 
  23. ↑ Mustafa Badreddine is main Hezbollah suspect in Hariri’s murder In: Ya Libnan, 30 June 2011. Abgerufen im 7 October 2012 
  24. ↑ Report: Friday blast in Beirut aimed at Nasrallah In: Albawaba, 2 August 2011. Abgerufen im 15 September 2012 
  25. ↑ Nada Bakri: Tribunal Names 4 in ’05 Killing of Lebanese Leader In: The New York Times, 30 June 2011. Abgerufen im 7 October 2012 
  26. ↑ Roee Nahmias: Hezbollah members indicted in Hariri murder In: YNet News, 30 June 2011. Abgerufen im 7 November 2012 
  27. ↑ Hezbollah leader Nasrallah rejects Hariri indictments In: BBC, 3 July 2011. Abgerufen im 16 December 2012 
  28. ↑ Badr Al Din Defense says US sanctions prevent fair trial In: Now Lebanon, 20 September 2012. Abgerufen im 21 September 2012 
  29. ↑ Treasury Designates Hizballah Leadership. (Press Release) US Department of the Treasury, 13. September 2012, abgerufen am 15. September 2012.
  30. ↑ Car bomb kills Imad Mugniyah, “The Fox” In: Nation Special, 17 February 2008. Abgerufen im 24 October 2012 
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