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Vorlage:Politics of North Korea

A propaganda poster in Pyongyang with the slogan "Let's all vote yes!" ("모두다 찬성투표 하자!")
If the voter wishes to cross off the name of the candidate it must be done with a red pen next to the ballot box with no secrecy.

Elections in North Korea are held every four-to-five years for the Supreme People's Assembly (SPA), the country's national legislature, and every four years for Local People's Assemblies.[1][2]

All seats are won by the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland.[3] The Workers' Party of Korea dominates the Front and holds 87.5% of the seats, with 7.4% for the Korean Social Democratic Party, 3.2% for the Chondoist Chongu Party, and 1.9% for independent deputies.[4] According to official reports, turnout is near 100%, and approval of the Democratic Front's candidates is unanimous or nearly so.[1]

Procedure

In reply to a question put forth by Michael Marshall, Li Chun Sik of North Korea stated at a meeting of the Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments (ASGP) of the Inter-Parliamentary Union:[5]

Vorlage:Bquote

Only one candidate appears on each ballot.[6][7] Elections are ostensibly conducted by secret ballot, and a voter may cross off the candidate's name to vote against him/her, but must do so by crossing out the name without secrecy.[6] Voting is mandatory and turnout is habitually near 100%.[8]

Members of the Supreme People's Assembly are elected to five-year terms, and meet for SPA sessions up to ten days per year.[9] The Supreme People's Assembly elects a standing committee known as the Presidium, which exercises legislative functions when the Assembly is not in session. It also elects the Chairman of the National Defence Commission, the country's chief executive, and the Premier.[10]

Local elections

Local elections have been held since 1999.[11] The people elect representatives to city, county, and provincial people's assemblies in local elections every four years.[1] The number of representatives is determined by the population of each jurisdiction.[12]

Mayors and governors are elected. Their role is to work with the unelected and more influential city and province party secretaries.[13]

Criticism

The elections have been variously described as show elections or a political census.[14][15] Seats are uncompetitive as all candidates are chosen by the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland.[3][5][7] Because of the near-100% turnout, elections double as unofficial censuses. The inminban neighborhood watch reportedly watches the elections to identify and investigate no-shows.[8]

A voter may cross off the candidate's name to vote against him or her, but in most polling stations the voter must do so with a red pen next to the ballot box in sight of electoral officials. At some polling stations there is a separate ballot box for 'no' votes.[16] Many North Korean defectors claim such an act of defiance is too risky to attempt.[6]

Latest election

The latest election was the first conducted under the leadership of Kim Jong-un following the death of Kim Jong-il in December 2011.

Summary of the 9 March 2014 North Korea Supreme People's Assembly election results

Alliance Party Votes (%) Seats
Democratic Front
for the Reunification
of the Fatherland		 Workers' Party of Korea 100.00% 607
Korean Social Democratic Party 50
Chondoist Chongu Party 22
General Association of Korean Residents in Japan 5
Religious associations 3
Total 100.00% 687
Turnout: 99.97%
Source:[17]

Past elections

The last election conducted under the leadership of Kim Jong-il was held on March 8, 2009. The following day, North Korean media announced that he was unanimously re-elected to parliament, though none of his sons were among the appointments.[18] The election committee also stated that 99.98% of all registered voters took part in voting, with 100% voting for their candidate in each district.[19] All seats were won by the Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland, under the control of the Worker's Party.[3]

Alliance Party Votes (%) Seats
Democratic Front
for the Reunification
of the Fatherland		 Workers' Party of Korea 100.00% 606
Korean Social Democratic Party 50
Chondoist Chongu Party 22
General Association of Korean Residents in Japan 6
Independents 3
Total 100.00% 687
Turnout: 99.98%
Source:[20]

See also

Portal: North Korea – Politics

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Vorlage:North Korean elections Vorlage:Asia topic

  1. ↑ a b c DPRK Holds Election of Local and National Assemblies. In: People's Korea. Archiviert vom Original am 31. März 2013; abgerufen am 28. Juni 2008.
  2. ↑ The Parliamentary System of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. (PDF) In: Constitutional and Parliamentary Information. Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments (ASGP) of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, S. 4, abgerufen am 1. Oktober 2010.
  3. ↑ a b c Angela Moon: N.Korea vote may point to Kim successor, Reuters, Vorlage:Date. Abgerufen am 8. März 2009 
  4. ↑ The Parliamentary System of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. (PDF) In: Constitutional and Parliamentary Information. Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments (ASGP) of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, S. 5, archiviert vom Original am 3. März 2012; abgerufen am 1. Oktober 2010.
  5. ↑ a b The Parliamentary System of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. (PDF) In: Constitutional and Parliamentary Information. Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments (ASGP) of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, S. 17–18, abgerufen am 1. Oktober 2010.
  6. ↑ a b c North Korea votes for new rubber-stamp parliament, Associated Press, Vorlage:Date 
  7. ↑ a b Kim wins re-election with 99.9% of the vote In: The New York Times, Vorlage:Date 
  8. ↑ a b Emily Rauhala: Inside North Korea's sham election. In: TIME.com. 10. März 2014, abgerufen am 24. April 2015.
  9. ↑ The Parliamentary System of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. (PDF) In: Constitutional and Parliamentary Information. Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments (ASGP) of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, abgerufen am 1. Oktober 2010.
  10. ↑ The Far East and Australasia 2003. 34th Auflage. Europa Publications, London 2002, ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9, S. 680 (google.com).
  11. ↑ North Korea elections: What is decided and how? BBC News, 19. Juli 2015, abgerufen am 26. November 2015.
  12. ↑ Kim Seong Hwan: NK to hold local elections next month. In: DailyNK. 10. Juni 2015, abgerufen am 11. Juni 2015.
  13. ↑ Rob York: North Korea’s local elections coming in July. In: NK News. 9. Juni 2015, abgerufen am 11. Juni 2015.
  14. ↑ Choe Sang-Hun: North Korea Uses Election To Reshape Parliament In: The New York Times, 9 March 2014. Abgerufen im 18 March 2014 
  15. ↑ Oliver Hotham: The weird, weird world of North Korean elections In: NK News, 3 March 2014. Abgerufen im 17 July 2015 
  16. ↑ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/07/local-elections-north-korea-bring-change-150718180133222.html
  17. ↑ IPU PARLINE Database: Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Choe Go In Min Hoe Ui. Inter-Parliamentary Union;
  18. ↑ N Korea polls 'give no clue', Press Association, Vorlage:Date 
  19. ↑ N Korea's Kim wins parliamentary seat: official media, AFP, Vorlage:Date 
  20. ↑ IPU PARLINE Database: Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Parliamentary Chamber: Choe Go In Min Hoe Ui, Elections Held in 2009. Inter-Parliamentary Union;
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