Zum Inhalt springen

Fahrerlose Metro von Hitachi Rail Italia

aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie
Dies ist eine alte Version dieser Seite, zuletzt bearbeitet am 29. Januar 2019 um 16:02 Uhr durch 113.103.90.49 (Diskussion) (→Rolling stock). Sie kann sich erheblich von der aktuellen Version unterscheiden.

Vorlage:Good article Vorlage:Infobox EMU

The Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro is a class of driverless electric multiple units and corresponding signaling system. Manufactured by Hitachi Rail Italy (formerly AnsaldoBreda) and Ansaldo STS in Italy, it is or will be used on the Copenhagen Metro, Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University, the Brescia Metro, the Thessaloniki Metro, Line 5 of the Milan Metro, Line C of the Rome Metro and the Yellow Line of the Taipei Rapid Transit System. The first system to use this class of driverless electric multiple units was the Copenhagen Metro which opened in 2002.

The rolling stock consists of two[1] to six articulated cars. All trains are Vorlage:Convert wide, except those used on the Rome Metro which are Vorlage:Convert wide. All operate on standard gauge. Each car has a power output of Vorlage:Convert, fed from a third rail at 750 volts (except in Rome where it is 1,500 V overhead line). The systems are fully automated, consisting of automatic train protection (ATP), automatic train operation (ATO) and automatic train supervision.

Rolling stock

Interior of a Copenhagen Metro unit

The rolling stock uses standardized car bodies, articulated together. The number of cars varies across the different systems where they are used. The trains used on the Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University system are two car units. For the other systems, the units vary between three and six cars, making the trains from Vorlage:Convert long. They are Vorlage:Convert wide, except the Rome Metro units, which are Vorlage:Convert. The units vary from Vorlage:Convert tall. Each car has two doors on each side, which are Vorlage:Convert wide and Vorlage:Convert tall.[2] The vehicles are designed by Giugiaro Design.[3]

The three and four-car trains have six three-phase asynchronous motors per train, with each motor giving a power output of Vorlage:Convert, giving each train a power output of Vorlage:Convert. In each car, the two motors are fed by the car's own insulated-gate bipolar transistor. They transform the 750-volt (1,500 V in Rome) direct current collected from the third rail shoe to the three-phase alternating current used in the motors. The trains' top speeds are Vorlage:Convert, with an acceleration and deceleration capacity of 1.3 m/s2 (4.3 ft/s2). Trains are fully compatible with platform screen doors, which are found at all stations in Brescia, Rome and Milan, Copenhagen, and Thessaloniki.[2][4][5][6]

System Line Opening date Trains Cars Length Width Power Speed
m ft m ft kW hp km/h mph
Brescia — 2013 18 3 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert
Copenhagen M1 and M2 2002 34 3 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert
Copenhagen M3 and M4 2019 39 3 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert
Honolulu — 2018 20 4 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert 10 ft — — Vorlage:Convert 65
Milan Line 4 2021 47 4 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert
Milan Line 5 2013 21 4 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert
Rome Line C 2014 30 6 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert — — Vorlage:Convert
Taipei Circular line 2018 17 4 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert — — Vorlage:Convert
Thessaloniki — 2020 18 4 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert
CPC second Metro — 2021 20 5 Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert Vorlage:Convert

Automation

The systems are controlled by a fully automated computer system, located at the control and maintenance center. The automatic train control (ATC) consists of three subsystems: automatic train protection (ATP), automatic train operation (ATO) and automatic train supervision (ATS). The ATP is responsible for managing the trains' speed, ensuring that doors are closed before departure and that switches are correctly set. The system uses fixed block signaling, except around stations, where moving block signaling is used.[7][5] The system has been designed and built by Union Switch & Signal.[8]

The control room of the Copenhagen Metro

The ATO is the autopilot that drives the trains in line with a pre-defined schedule, ensures that the train stop at stations and operates the doors. The ATS monitors all components of the network, including the rails and all trains on the system, and displays a live schematic at the control center. The ATC is designed so that only the ATP is safety-critical, and will halt trains if the other systems have faults. Other aspects of the system, such a power supply, ventilation, security alarms, cameras and pumps, are controlled by a system called "control, regulating and surveillance".[7]

The most common repairs are the grinding of the wheels; more complicated repairs are made by replacing entire components that are sent to the manufacturer. By having components in reserve, trains can have shorter maintenance times. The center also has the system's work trains, including a diesel locomotive that can fetch broken trains.[7] At any time, there are four people working at the control center. Two monitor the ATC system, one monitors passenger information, while the last is responsible for secondary systems, such as power supply. In case of technical problems, there is always a team of technicians who can be sent to perform repairs. Although the trains are not equipped with drivers, there are stewards that help passengers, perform ticket controls and assist in emergency situations.[7]

Systems

Brescia Metro unit

Brescia

The Brescia Metro is a system which opened in March 2013 in Brescia, Italy. The Vorlage:Convert system was built in three stages and has 17 stations. The system features a 90-second headway. ASM Brescia ordered 18 trains which are now being used on the Metro.[9][10]

Copenhagen

The Copenhagen Metro, Denmark, consists of two lines, M1 and M2, that run Vorlage:Convert serving 22 stations. The system opened between 2002 and 2007, and connects the city center to the areas of Frederiksberg and Amager, and Copenhagen Airport. The next extension, the City Circle Line is under construction and is planned to open in 2018. Metroselskabet took delivery of 34 three-car units between 2002 and 2007, and operates with a headway of between two and twenty minutes, including an all-night service.[4][7] In April 2008, the Copenhagen Metro won the award at MetroRail 2008 for the world's best metro.[11]

Honolulu

The Honolulu Rail Transit project will be a Vorlage:Convert elevated rail route which will connect the city of Honolulu on the island of Oahu in Hawaii with outlying suburbs. The project is planned to open in phases starting in 2018 with the entire 21 station route to be completed in 2019. AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro rolling stock will be used for the system.[12] Honolulu politicians and construction crews broke ground on the project on February 22, 2011 in Kapolei, Hawaii. As of October 2012, construction of the columns and foundations have been completed for the first Vorlage:Convert mile of the route. Future extensions to the route have been planned, which include spurs to the route and 15 additional stations. Construction of the project is currently on hold as litigation resulting from Kaleikini v. Yoshioka court case bars continuation of the project until the City and County submits a complete archeological survey to the State Historic Preservation Division for the entire line.[13]

Lima

It is currently under construction in Lima the Line 2 of Lima Metro and a branch of Line 4, which will connect the city of east to west in the first case and the portion of line 4 linking the Jorge Chavez International Airport with the line 2. the line will be built in two phases, the first of which is scheduled to open in 2017 and the second in 2020. the total of the 2 lines will cost US $5,346,000 [14]

Milan

The Milan Metro's Line 5 first section between Bignami and the interconnection with M3 at Zara opened on 10 February 2013. The second stage opened on 1 March 2014, and runs from Zara to Porta Garibaldi station. The third and fourth sections are under construction and are both planned to open in 2015, and will run from Garibaldi to San Siro stadium and from Bignami to Monza. Further extensions are planned. The first stage of Vorlage:Convert was estimated to cost €500 million.[15][16]

Riyadh

An 11·5 km metro serving the Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University on the outskirts of Riyadh opened in 2012.[1]

Rome

Rome Metro's Line C, currently under construction, will be Vorlage:Convert long, of which Vorlage:Convert will be underground. The line will have 30 stations, of which 21 will be underground, and carry up to 24,000 passengers per hour in each direction. Metropolitana di Roma has ordered thirty six-car units, which are Vorlage:Convert wider than the other systems' vehicles, and capable of carrying 1,200 passengers per train. Average speed on the system will be Vorlage:Convert, with the headway varying from three to twelve minutes. Construction of the system is estimated to cost €3 billion and will open in four stages; in addition to the section opened in 2014, other sections will open in 2015, 2016 and 2020.[17]

Taipei

The Yellow Line or Circular Line of the Taipei Rapid Transit System, Taiwan, will serve as a cross-link between existing lines. The Vorlage:Convert system will feature 46 stations. The Vorlage:Convert phase 1 will have 14 stations and is planned for completion in June 2018. The Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation has ordered 17 trains for this phase.[18][19]

Thessaloniki

Interior of a Thessaloniki Metro unit.


Construction on Greece's second metro system began in 2006 and is scheduled to open in phases between 2020 and 2021, at a cost of €1.57 billion ($Vorlage:To USD billion).[20] The Vorlage:Convert system will feature 18 stations in 2021.[6][6] 33 driverless AnsaldoBreda units will be put to operation on the two lines.[21] Those will be articulated in 4 sections with a capacity of 466 passengers (96 seated and 370 standing).[22]

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Vorlage:Copenhagen Metro

  1. ↑ a b Andy Hellawell: Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University driverless metro opens, Railway Gazette International, 21 August 2012 
  2. ↑ a b AnsaldoBreda: Driverless metros. Abgerufen am 4. November 2010.
  3. ↑ Copenhagen Metro. Arcspace, archiviert vom Original am 30. Juli 2009; abgerufen am 15. November 2009.
  4. ↑ a b Torkil Haas: En mini-metro med maksimal virkning. In: Jernbanen. Nr. 2, 2002, S. 52–53 (dänisch, jernbaneklub.dk (Memento des Originals vom 19. Juli 2011 im Internet Archive)).
  5. ↑ a b Treni driverless. Rome Metro, archiviert vom Original am 4. August 2008; abgerufen am 14. November 2009 (italienisch).
  6. ↑ a b c Vorlage:Citeweb
  7. ↑ a b c d e Tommy O. Jensen: Bag om metroen. In: Jernbanen. Nr. 5, 2002, S. 32–41 (dänisch, jernbaneklub.dk (Memento des Originals vom 19. Juli 2011 im Internet Archive)).
  8. ↑ Union Switch and Signal. In: Find Articles. März 2007, abgerufen am 17. November 2009. Vorlage:Toter Link/!...nourl (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im April 2012.)
  9. ↑ Brescia To Build Automated Metro. In: International Railway Journal. Juni 2000, abgerufen am 17. November 2009.
  10. ↑ Ansaldobreda unveiled the first of 18 metro trains for the first metro line in the Italian city of Brescia. In: International Railway Journal. Juli 2009, abgerufen am 17. November 2009. Vorlage:Toter Link/!...nourl (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im April 2012.)
  11. ↑ Thomas de Laine: København har verdens bedste metro. In: Myldretid. 2. April 2008, abgerufen am 15. November 2009 (dänisch).
  12. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  13. ↑ http://www.civilbeat.com/articles/2012/08/24/16937-rail-derailed-hawaii-supreme-court-rules-against-honolulu/
  14. ↑ Metro Line 2 will operate with driverless trains and will be 100 % automated. In: Andina. 28. April 2014, abgerufen am 27. März 2016 (spanisch).
  15. ↑ Milan Metro. In: Railway Age. März 2007, abgerufen am 17. November 2009. Vorlage:Toter Link/!...nourl (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im April 2012.)
  16. ↑ 500 million [euro] Italian metro deal. In: International Railway Journal. April 2006, archiviert vom Original am 10. Januar 2016; abgerufen am 17. November 2009.
  17. ↑ http://www.metroxroma.it/2013/02/apertura-linea-c-gia-2-anni-di-ritardo/ Vorlage:It icon
  18. ↑ Ansaldo secures Taipei contract. In: Find Articles. April 2009, abgerufen am 17. November 2009. Vorlage:Toter Link/!...nourl (Seite nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im April 2012.)
  19. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  20. ↑ Vorlage:Citeweb
  21. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  22. ↑ Salonicco. Hitachi Rail Italy (englisch, hitachirail.com [abgerufen am 11. September 2018]).
Abgerufen von „https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fahrerlose_Metro_von_Hitachi_Rail_Italia&oldid=198410178“