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Barbara Harrisson (geboren als Barbara Güttler, 20. Mai 1922 in Reichenstein, Schlesien) ist eine deutsch-britische Kunsthistorikerin mit einem breiten Spektrum an wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten in Primatologie, Anthropologie und Archäologie.
Education and early employment
Barbara was born as daughter of the mining entrepreneur, book dealer, and art collector Dr. Gerhart Güttler[1] (1889–1966) and his wife Clara (née Haselbach). After finishing school in Berlin, she worked as a secretary for the German secret service in Berlin and Paris during the Second World War – university ecucation was not possible at this time – and from 1945 in Frankfurt for the Agency for Decartelization concerning IG Farben.
Sarawak (Borneo)
Animal conservation projects
Vorlage:Location map many In 1953 she went to Kuching/Sarawak, Borneo, with her first husband, Eberhard Friedrich Brünig, who later became an expert in tropical forestry.[2] She started to work for the curator of the Sarawak State Museum, Tom Harrisson,[3] and they married in 1956.
Together they worked on a broad spectrum of activities – among them conservation projects for sea turtles and orangutans[4] in the Bako National Park. Barbara Harrisson became a pioneer[5] in the rehabilitation of young Orang-Utans, who had lost their mothers and their habitat due to deforestation – activities which later led to the establishment of reserves like the Orang Utan Rehabilitation Center in Sepilok/Sabah (since 1964) and the Gunung Leuser National Park (since 1980).
In 1973 she became an officer of the International Primate Protection League (IPPL) – in 2015 she is still on the advisory board[6] – as her interests extended to regulations for the trade with primates, which – in collaboration with the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) led to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) (drafted 1963, opened for signature in 1973, entered into force on 1 July 1975).
Archaeological and anthropological work
The main interest of Tom and Barbara Harrisson was on archaeology and anthropology. They undertook pioneering excavations in the West Mouth of the Niah Great Cave. Their most important finding was on February 7, 1958 when Barbara Harrisson and colleagues discovered an inverted human cranium while carefully digging in Hell Trench H/6, about 2.5 m below original ground surface.[7] The surrounding deposits were dated to about 45,000 to 39,000 years by radiocarbon dating, which makes the 'Deep Skull' still the earliest fossil proofing the presence of modern humans in Southeast Asia.[8] Barbara Harrisson – without any formal education – led the excavations in Niah and other places in Borneo, and documented this work in many publications. During this work she also became a specialist in ceramics.
Ithaka (United States)
In November 1966 Tom Harrisson retired as curator of the Sarawak Museum. In 1967, the couple went to Cornell University (Ithaka, USA), where Tom got a teaching assignment at the South-East Asian Program.
When Tom Harrisson left to Europe for a new marriage, Barbara – still without any formal education – took over his seminars at Cornell. 1972 she finally started her own university education as an art historian and obtained her master´s degree in 1974. Her time in the USA was interrupted by many stays in Southeast Asia. Her PhD thesis on Heirloom Jars of Borneo was started at this time and was finished in 1984.
Perth (Australia)
1976 she joined the Asia Department of the Western Australia Institute of Technology at the University of Perth, Australia, as a lecturer.
Leeuwarden (The Netherlands)
In 1977 she was appointed director of the Princessehof in Leeuwarden, The Netherlands – a renowned ceramics museum. After retirement in 1987, she continued publishing and attending scientific meetings. She is currently writing her autobiography.
Awards and honorary degrees
- 1973: Honorary doctor´s degree from Tulane University, USA for her activities in nature conservation
- 1975: Lauriston Sharp Prize for scholarly excellence[9][10]
Publikationen
Die folgende Auflistung von Barbara Harrissons Publikationen ist eine Auswahl von Büchern, Artikeln und Beschreibungen von Keramiksammlungen in Museen.
Kunstgeschichte
- Barbara Harrisson: European Trade Ceramics in the Brunei Museum, The Brunei Museum Journal, no. 3(1): p. 66-87 (1975)
- Barbara Harrisson: Oriental Celadon: The Princessehoff Collection, The Princessehof Collections, Leeuwarden, Gemeentelijk (1978).
- Barbara Harrisson: Kraakporselein, Leeuwarden, Gemeentelijk museum het Princessehof, (1981)
- Barbara Harrisson: Asian Ceramics in the Princessehof: An Introduction, Princessehof Museum, (1986).
- Barbara Harrisson: Chinese porcelain: the transitional period, 1620-1683 : a selection from the Michael Butler collection, Leeuwarden, Keramiekmuseum Princessehof (1986)
- Barbara Harrisson (based on Harrisson's PhD thesis): Pusaka: Heirloom Jars of Borneo (Oxford in Asia Studies in Ceramics), OUP South East Asia (1986), ISBN 978-0195826548.
- Barbara Harrisson: Later Ceramics in South-East Asia: Sixteenth to Twentieth Centuries (Oxford in Asia Studies in Ceramics), Oxford University Press (1996), ISBN 978-9676531124.
Primatologie
- Barbara Harrisson: A study of orang-utan behaviour in the semi-wild state, 1959-1960, Sarawak Museum Journal, vol. 9, p. 15-16 (1960).
- Barbara Harrisson: The immediate problem of the orangutan, The Malayan Nature Journal, 16, p. 4-5 (1962).
- Barbara Harrisson: Conservation of nonhuman primates in 1970, Karger, 1971, Primates in medicine, Bd. 5, S. 98 ff.
- Barbara Harrisson: Kinder des Urwalds: meine Arbeit mit Orang-Utans auf Borneo, Fischer Taschenbuch-Verlag, 1979, ISBN 3-596-23510-3.
- Barbara Harrisson: Orang-Utan (Oxford in Asia paperbacks), OUP South East Asia (1987), ISBN 978-0195888638.
Anthropologie
- Tom and Barbara Harrisson: The Prehistory of Sabah, Sabah Society (1971)
Literature
- H. James Birx: Encyclopedia of Anthropology: Barbara Harrisson (p. 1502), SAGE Publications (2005), ISBN 978-1-5063-2003-8.
- Judith M. Heimann: The Most Offending Soul Alive: Tom Harrisson and His ..., ... (1998)
Web links
Einzelnachweise und Anmerkungen
- ↑ Reichshandbuch der deutschen Gesellschaft: das Handbuch der Persönlichkeiten in Wort und Bild, Berlin 1930-1931, entry "Güttler, Gerhard" (here first name written Gerhard). Own publications by Güttler, e.g. Die englische Arbeiterpartei: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte und Theorie der politischen Arbeiterbewegung in England (Gustav Fischer, 1914) and books about exhibitions of collector items from Güttler, e.g. Kupferstiche alter Meister... aus den Sammlungen Dr. Gerhart Güttler, Berlin und Fritz Rumpf, Potsdam... (C. G. Boerner, 1928), show the name Gerhart written with a "t".
- ↑ Eberhard Friedrich Brünig: Der Heidewald von Sarawak und Brunei. Bd. 1. Standortfaktoren, Vegetation und Flora, Abbildungen und Katalog der Gattungen und Bd. 2. Artenbeschreibung, Tabellen, Übersichten, Bundesforschungsanst. f. Forst- u. Holzwirtschaft (1968).
- ↑ Tom Harrisson was curator of the Sarawak Museum from June 1947 until November 1966.
- ↑ Alison Rieser: The Case of the Green Turtle: An Uncensored History of a Conservation Icon. JHU Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4214-0579-7, S. 270, Ref. 19 (google.com).
- ↑ Anne E. Russon: (Chapter 23) Orangutan rehabilitation and reintroduction: Successes, failures, and role in conservation, in S. A. Wich (Ed.) Orangutans Compared, Oxford University Press (2007).
- ↑ International Primate Protection League: Representatives and Advisors
- ↑ John Krigbaum and Ipoi Datan: The Deep Skull and Associated Human Remains From Niah Cave in The Perak Man and Other Prehistoric Skeletons of Malaysia (2005), ed. Zuraina Majid, Pulau Pinag: Penerbit University Sains Malaysia, p. 131-154.
- ↑ Smithonian National Museum of Natural History - Niah Cave]
- ↑ Stanley J. O'Connor, Nora A. Taylor: Studies in Southeast Asian Art: Essays in Honor of Stanley J. O'Connor. SEAP Publications, 2000, ISBN 978-0-87727-728-6, S. 28 (google.com).
- ↑ This prize was established in 1975 and Barbara Harrisson was the first winner.