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Fred Dibnah im Juni 1985 in Leighton Buzzard mit den rauchenden Überresten eines umgelegten Schornsteins im Hintergrund

Frederick "Fred" Dibnah MBE (* 28. April 1938 in Bolton, Lancashire; † 6 November 2004 in Bolton Hospice, Greater Manchester) war ein englischer Schornsteinbauer und aus dem Fernsehen bekannte Persönlichkeit mit großem Interesse an Dampfmaschinenbau und Technik.

Leben

Kindheit

Fred Dibnah war der Sohn von Frank und Betsy Dibnah, geb. Travis,[1] die anfangs in einer Chemiefabrik arbeiteten.[2][3] Er wuchs in der Industriestadt Bolton auf, und begeisterte sich schon als Kind für die Maschinen und Gebäude.[4][5][6]

Jugend

In der Schule fokussierte er sich auf Kunst, da seine Lese- und Schreibkünste als mangelhaft eingeschätzt wurden,[7] und ging anschließend drei Jahre auf ein Kunstkolleg, wo seine Werke Maschinen, Kohlengruben und Webereien thematisierten.[8]

Dibnah beobachtete die Tätigkeiten der in England Steeplejack genannten Schornsteinbauer seit seiner Kindheit und beobachtete die erste Fällung eines Kamins aus dem väterlichen Schrebergarten in der Nähe des Hunderennplatzes von Bolton in Raikes Park. Das Abrissunternehmen entfernte erst die obere Hälfte des Kamins und schlugen dann ein Loch in seine Basis, das mit hölzernen Streben abgestützt wurde. Diese wurden dann durch ein Feuer zerstört, so dass der Kamin kollabierte. Unglücklicherweise fiel der Kamin bei dieser Gelegenheit in die falsche Richtung auf die Hundezwinger des Rennplatzes, auf ein Cafe und auf eine Stromleitung.[9]

Im Alter von 17 oder 18 Jahren kletterte er wegen einer Wette über 10 Shilling auf einen 80 m hohen Kamin in Barrow Bridge und befestigte dort zwei Union-Jack-Fahnen am Blitzableiter. Die Bolton Evening News berichteten über den Vorfall mit einem Foto, nahmen aber an, dass es sich um einen Streich der Studenten der nahegelegenen Manchester University gehandelt habe.[10]

The chimney built by Dibnah for his mother, in Bolton

Zur gleichen Zeit entschloss sich Dibnah, den Kamin auf dem Haus seiner Mutter in Alfred Street durch einen selbst entworfenen zu ersetzen, weil seine Mutter nur noch einen der vier Züge benutzte. Da die Öffnung oben nur etwa 4cm Durchmesser hatte, musste er regelmäßig gereinigt werden. Als Dibnah eines Tages einen zum Kaminkehren mit Backsteinen gefüllten Sack an einer Leine in den Kamin hinunterließ, riss der Sack auf und zerstörte mehrere Wasserrohre aus Blei, so dass die mütterliche Küche unter Wasser gesetzt wurde. Nach dem Tod der Mutter wurde das Haus verkauft und der Kamin unter Denkmalschutz gestellt.[11]

Militärdienst

Im Alter von 22 Jahren wurde Dibnah zum Militärdiesnt nach Aldershot und Catterick eingezogen, wo er im Küchendienst arbeitete. Mit dem Kavallerieregiment der 14./20. King's Hussars wurde er nach Westdeutschland geschickt, wo er auf seinen Wunsch Tätigkeiten bei der Gebäudeinstandhaltung übernahm.[12]

Kaminrückbau

Gemeindekirche von Bolton

Nach der Rückkehr aus dem Militärdienst holte Dibnah 1962 seine Werkzeuge aus dem Lager, kaufte sich für 21 Guineas ein altes AJS-Motorrad mit 350 cm³ aus dem Jahr 1927 und suchte nach Aufträgen.

Bolton war aber von einem post-industriellen Verfall betroffen, so dass von 1957 bis 1965 siebzig Textilfabriken geschlossen wurden.[13] Er hielt sich mit Gelegenheitsarbeiten über Wasser, bis er sich seine eigenen Leitern kaufen konnte und einen Kamin einer lokalen Brauerei instand setzte. Dabei traf er einen Schweißer, der Dibnah darüber informierte, dass der Vikar von Bolton einen Repararturauftrag für die Wetterfahnen der Kirche von Bolton vergeben wollte. Dibnah erschien in der Lokalpresse, und seine Freundschaft mit dem Vikar führte zu Folgeaufträgen auf anderen Kirchtürmen.[14]

Bei seinen Reparaturarbeiten an Kaminen bemerkte Dibnah den Bedarf für den Rückbau von Kaminen. Er bot die von ihm in Bolton beobachtete Methode an, die ohne Sprengstoff auskommt und wurde dafür landesweit bekannt.[15][16]

Dampfmaschinen

Seit seiner Kindheit interessierte sich Dibnah für Dampfmaschinen und Dampflokomotiven und fuhr schon früh im Führerstand auf Lokomotiven mit.[17] Er kaufte sich für 175 £ eine eigenes Lokomobil in der Nähe von Warrington, das ursprünglich dem Flintshire County Council gehört hatte und nahm es wieder in Betrieb.[18] Once it was restored, he used the 1910 Aveling & Porter steamroller[19] together with a living van he bought and restored, to take his family around the local steam fairs.[20][21][22][23]

Sein nächster Kauf war im Herbst 1980 eine Dampfzugmaschine von Aveling & Porter aus dem Jahr 1912 für 2.300 £.[24] er baute sich eine von einer Dampfmaschine angetriebene Werkstatt in seinem Garten, in dem er verschiedene von Textilfabriken ausgemusterte Teile wiederverwendete einschließlich einer Dampfmaschine vom Textilwerk in Oldham.[25] The engine was sold at auction in July 2010 for £240,000.[26]

The single-cylinder engine restored by Dibnah and Carney

Im Jahr 1988 führte er im Auftrag der Gemeindeverwaltung von Caernarfon Ausbesserungsarbeiten am Schornstein von Glynllifon aus.[27] Unterhalb des Schornsteins stand eine heruntergekommene Einzylinderdampfmaschine aus dem Jahr 1854. Dibnah überführte diese zur Reparatur im Winter von 1988/89 nach Bolton.[27] Zusammen mit seinem Mitarbeiter Neil Carney arbeitete er 6 Monate an der Reparatur und gewann schließlich einen Preis für die Qualität der Arbeit.[28] Innerhalb von 7 Monate reparierte er die Dampfmaschine und die Ton-Mischmaschine der Wetheriggs County Pottery bei Penrith in Cumbria.[29]

Fernsehen

Fred Dibnah, Steeplejack

Rathaus von Bolton

Im Jahr 1978 führte Dibnah Reparaturen an den 16 Säulen des Glockenturms des Rathauses von Bolton aus. Während er in hoher Höhe auf seinem Seemannsstuhl saß und arbeitete, informierte ihn der Pressesprecher des Rathauses, dass BBC Look North West in interviewen wolle. In der folgenden Woche kam das Kamerateam, und Alistair MacDonald führte das Interview vom Obergeschoss des Gebäudes durch, während Dibnah draußen auf dem Gerüst arbeitete.[30] Seine einfache und offenherzige Art zusammen mit seinem Enthusiasmus und dem breiten Lancashire-Dialekt machten ihn schnell beliebt, und daraufhin wurde er vom Produzenten Don Haworth gefragt, ob er eine Dokumentarsendung machen wolle. Die Filmarbeiten begannen an der Spitze des 75m hohen Schornsteins von Shaw and Crompton, einer Textilfabrikstadt bei Oldham. Die Filmarbeiten zogen sich in unregelmäßigen Abständen über 18 Monate hin und zeigten Dibnah mit seinem Assistenten Donald Paiton auf zeahreichen Gebäuden, im Familienumfeld und bei seinen Hobbies. Einer der beeindruckendsten Momente war der Fall des Schornsteins von Rochdale im Jahr 1979, bei dem Dibnah nur Meter von der Basis des Schornsteins entfernt stand und sich erst zurückzog, als dieser bereits zu wanken begann. Sein jugendlicher Ausruf „Did you like that? - Hat euch das gefallen?“ machten ihn bei den Zuschauern beliebt.[31][32]

Fred Dibnah, Steeplejack gewann 1979 den BAFTA-Award für die beste Dokumentation,[33] und Haworth kam mehrmals zurück, um weitere Doukumentationen zu filmen.[1]

Einige Jahre später wurden Dibnah und seine Familie während einer Ferienreise nach Blackpool gefilmt, auf der Dibnah die Arbeit nicht sein lassen konnte. Zusammen mit seiner Frau Alison legte er einen kleinen Schornstein eines dortigen Betriebes um. Da er sich nicht zu weiteren Ferienreisen überreden ließ, buchte seine Frau für sich und die drei Kinder Jayne, Lorna and Caroline eine Reise nach Griechenland.[34] Dibnah blieb zu Hause zurück und zeigte sich überrascht, als sie bei der Rückkehr die Scheidung der 18 jährigen Ehe einreichte.[35] Im Oktober 1985 kam Dibnah von einer Ausstellung für Kohle und Briketts aus Bury zurück und bemerkte das Alison das Haus mit den Kindern, dem Hund und einigen Einrichtungsgegenständen verlassen hatte.[36] Da er knapp bei Kasse war, musste er daraufhin seinen geliebten AJS Motorrad-Oldtimer verkaufen.[35] Er fand das Leben ohne Familie beschwerlich, aber nahm nahm sie in Schutz, weil der Druck einfach zu groß für sie geworden sei.[37]

Zweite Ehe

Dibnah met his second wife Susan Lorenz—a 28-year-old administrator[1]—at a steam rally in Cheshire. In The Fred Dibnah Story (1996) she recalled their first meeting: "He looked sad and miserable, quite a pathetic sort of figure really, none of the bounce that people knew him for."[38] He later invited her to a chimney felling in Oldham and then a talk he had been invited to give to a group of fans in Halifax, known as The Fred Dibnah Appreciation Society. Sue moved into Dibnah's home in Bolton and the two married on 27 February 1987.[1] She encouraged him to grow a moustache and also to give up smoking.[38]

Many of the chimneys around Bolton had now been either repaired, or demolished and so Dibnah was forced to travel further afield for work. He travelled to the Yorkshire Dales to install a lightning conductor on the parish church in Kirkby Malham. While digging the hole for the conductor, they uncovered human bones, for which a reinterment ceremony was held. Their first son, Jack (named after his father's trade),[39] was born in 1987. Dibnah offered to make a weathercock, provided that his son was christened in the same church.[40] His second son, Roger, was born in 1991.[35]

Later life

In 1996 Dibnah repaired the Vorlage:Convert chimney at Barrow Bridge—the same chimney he had scaled for a bet, in his youth. He was also asked to install a peregrine falcon nest at the top.[41] He was later influential in ensuring the chimney was made a listed building.[19] As a notable raconteur he also became an after-dinner speaker and would wear his trademark flat cap with his dinner jacket.[42] He made an appearance in a 1996 television advertisement for Kelloggs,[1] but the strain of living with a man so dedicated to his hobbies began to take its toll on his wife: "Sometimes he'll have busted his thumb because he's hit it with a hammer; you couldn't really expect him then to come in and start doing things in the house. I just don't think it's fair though, I think you've got to strike a balance and I think ours is about 90/10. Me for 90 per cent of the housework and Fred for 10."[43] Susan met another man and moved out, taking Roger with her and leaving Jack with Fred.[43]

Vorlage:Quote

Third marriage and television presenting

By 1997 Dibnah was living alone, with little work or money. Competition from Manchester had reduced his income from steeplejacking and filming for the BBC had dried up completely. He had, however, met Sheila Grundy, a former magician's assistant. She had arrived one day with her parents and young son to see Dibnah's back yard, and signed the visitor's book. The two remained in contact and became friends; they shared an interest in steam and Grundy was fascinated by Dibnah's tales of steeplejacking.[44] She and her son moved in with Dibnah in 1998 and the couple married on 26 September that year.[1][45] At their wedding reception in Bolton, Dibnah was surprised and moved to tears when his youngest daughter, Caroline, came to see him. Dibnah had had little contact with his daughters in the years since his divorce from Alison.[34]

In 1997 he met author David Hall. Hall had been raised in the Bradford district of Manchester and the two swapped tales of growing up in the latter half of the 20th century. Hall suggested that Dibnah would be unlikely to have any further television work commissioned on his life and that he should consider becoming a television presenter.[44] The two worked on new ideas for a programme that would show Dibnah touring the country, visiting important historical locations and speaking to the men involved in the maintenance and restoration of industrial machinery and architecture. The programme would also exploit Dibnah's working-class attitude and show him operating some of the machinery he visited.[46] Filming of Fred Dibnah's Industrial Age began in July 1998. The first location was near Bolton, at the Wet Earth Colliery and the crew then moved on to various locations around the country, continuing to film through the summer and autumn of 1998.[47]

The series achieved high viewing figures, with positive reviews, and the associated website became the second most-visited BBC website at the time. A complementary book was also published and was one of the top five best-selling history books of the year. Dibnah admitted he found speaking to a camera more nerve-racking than climbing a chimney,[48] but the success of Fred Dibnah's Industrial Age was a portent; he later presented several other television series. Before filming began for Fred Dibnah's Magnificent Monuments, he had installed his red ladders on the steeple at St. Walburge's in Preston, ready for an inspection. With filming for television now taking up much of his time, however, he was unable to complete the job. He left the ladders at the church for several years and donated them to the tradesman who eventually took the job.[49]

Last years

Illness

A 19th-century man wearing jacket trousers and waistcoat, hands in pockets, cigar in mouth, wearing a tall stovepipe top hat, standing in front of giant iron chains on a drum.
Isambard Kingdom Brunel was much admired by Dibnah.

In 2001, to mark the centenary of the death of Queen Victoria, the BBC transmitted a season of programmes based on a Victorian theme and Dibnah presented Fred Dibnah's Victorian Heroes. He had long been fascinated by the Victorians, especially Isambard Kingdom Brunel, whom he regarded as his hero. During filming he visited a number of locations including the Vorlage:Convert high Clifton Suspension Bridge and the slipway for the SS Great Eastern.[50]

In early 2001 Dibnah was due to begin filming Fred Dibnah's Building of Britain, but suffered severe abdominal pains and was admitted to hospital for tests. He was discharged and began filming at locations around the country, including the Globe Theatre, Ely Cathedral and Glamis Castle. Dibnah was the chairman of the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal Society and an episode on the construction of Britain's canal network was therefore of particular interest to him.[51] Toward the end of filming, Dibnah went to Bolton Royal Hospital for a check-up, where a tumour was found on his right kidney. The kidney was removed and the tumour was found to be malignant. He went to Christie Hospital in Manchester, where further growths were discovered around his bladder. On the same day, Sheila's father fell from the roof of his house and died. Dibnah underwent chemotherapy and once his treatment was finished tests showed that he was free of cancer.[52]

Filming for Fred Dibnah's Age of Steam began early in 2003, at the Trencherfield Mill, near Wigan Pier. The film crew visited a number of locations, including a steam rally in Cornwall and the Bluebell Railway in Sussex.[53] Dibnah was travelling around the country working on a subject that fascinated him, visiting old friends and making money from his hobby. The restoration of his traction engine was almost complete; later that year, however, Dibnah had another checkup at Christie Hospital and was told that a large tumour had been found on his bladder.[54]

Dig with Dibnah

Dibnah had another course of chemotherapy, but this time the treatment was unsuccessful. Undeterred, he began to dig a replica coal mine in the back garden of his home. Although the sight of pithead gear may have been considered by his neighbours to be unusual, as a child raised in Bolton he had been surrounded by pits such as Ladyshore Colliery and had long harboured an interest in mining. He had already assembled the wooden pithead gear and was planning to sink a Vorlage:Convert brick-lined shaft below this into the hillside.[55] At the bottom of the shaft, a horizontal tunnel would have led out to the steep side of the valley above which his garden sits. The intention was to have a narrow gauge railway running along the tunnel, back up the hillside on a rope-hauled inclined plane, returning to the pithead. The ultimate aim was to be able to demonstrate the basic working of an early colliery. Seven years before his diagnosis, therefore, Dibnah had sourced drawings of suitable pithead gear and built a frame from timber and iron bolts. He had applied for and was given planning permission to erect the structure, but made no mention of his wish to dig a shaft underneath it. The BBC decided to make a documentary on Dibnah's proposed mine, which would entail his once again travelling around the country, visiting working collieries and heritage mines. Filming started late in 2003, by which time Dibnah and his friend Alf Molyneux had already made a start on the shaft.[56]

The pithead gear behind Dibnah's home

Using traditional shaft-sinking techniques and the labour of mining friends Alf Molyneux and Jimmy Crooks, the shaft was sunk to a depth of Vorlage:Convert and lined with brick. The work had been undertaken without planning permission and, when the council eventually found out what was happening, they insisted he apply for planning permission.[57]

Fred Dibnah's Made in Britain

Despite Dibnah's best efforts, planning permission was refused. Although he appealed against the decision,[58] a new series diverted his attention. At the end of 2003 production began for Fred Dibnah's Made in Britain. With his friend, Alf Molyneux, Dibnah would tour the country on his completed traction engine, visiting the workshops that still could produce the parts needed for his antique vehicle. His engine, however, was not yet complete and Dibnah's medical diagnosis was not good: he knew he had only a short time to live. His traction engine developed a serious fault, but with the help of friends it was quickly repaired and its restoration completed.[59]

Dibnah visiting the Great Central Railway works at Loughborough, as part of his final televised tour of Britain's industrial heritage

In December 2003, his traction engine was now in working order and planning for the new series commenced. Dibnah's illness necessitated that he sleep in hotels, rather than the living van the engine would tow during the trip. For the long distances between locations, the engine would be transported on the back of a low loader.[60] Dibnah's engine suffered early mechanical problems; it could barely tow the fully loaded living van uphill, as the cylinder had been placed very slightly closer to the footplate than it should have been. As a result of this, every time the piston was fully forward it covered the steam inlet port.[61] The engine was repaired, and with some minor engineering work to one of the pistons was brought up to full power. The team was joined by Dibnah's sons, Jack and Roger.[62]

The production crew made every effort to reduce Dibnah's workload. Changes were made to the filming schedule, to allow Dibnah more time to rest at home between filming days. The crew visited the Forth Road Bridge and Dibnah became the first man to drive a traction engine under its own steam across the bridge. Such pleasures provided a welcome distraction for Dibnah, who was by then ill and in pain. By the end of June he was so ill he could not continue filming. He was sent home to rest and given medication to alleviate his condition, so that he could collect his MBE.[63]

Honours

In mid-2000, Dibnah was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Technology for his achievement in engineering by Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen,[64] and on 19 July 2004 he was made an honorary Doctor of the University by the University of Birmingham.[65]

Dibnah was awarded an MBE for services to heritage and broadcasting. He said "I'm looking forward to meeting the Queen but I shall probably have to get a new cap. And I'd like to meet Prince Charles because we share the same views about modern architecture."[66]

On 7 July 2004, Dibnah went to Buckingham Palace to receive his award from the Queen. He initially planned to drive his traction engine into the palace grounds, but was refused as the Royal Parks Agency feared that its weight would damage the surface of The Mall. Eventually he was allowed to drive the engine to an army barracks a short distance from the palace. He collected his medal wearing morning dress and a top hat.[67]

Vorlage:Quote box Filming continued at various locations around the country, with sons Jack and Roger, who had become essential members of the tour, providing much-needed support for their father. By the end of July, the crew had filmed only 34 days with Dibnah, out of a planned 60. It was becoming more difficult by the day for Dibnah to fulfil his filming duties and the crew decided to cut short the schedule. Once home, Dibnah decided to creosote the pithead gear in his garden but fell and injured his back. He was adamant that he would continue filming, however, and made the trip to North Wales to complete filming. He later made a partial recovery and completed his last day's filming at an Ironworks in Atherton.[68]

Death

Dibnah's coffin being drawn along the streets of Bolton

Dibnah died at Bolton Hospice, surrounded by his family, on 6 November 2004, after suffering from cancer for three years.[69] He was 66 years old.[19][70] At the time of his death, his estate was estimated as being worth about £1 million.[71]

Fred Dibnah's grave in Tonge Cemetery

Eleven days later, thousands of mourners watched as Dibnah's coffin (on top of which his trade mark flat cap was placed) was towed through the centre of Bolton by his restored traction engine, driven by his son. A cortège of steam-powered vehicles followed, as the procession made its way to Bolton Parish Church. During the hour-long service, David Hall told the congregation "He wasn't a posh TV presenter. He was recognised as a working man who had learned through experience."[72] Following the service, led by the Vicar of Bolton—Canon Michael Williams (a friend of Dibnah)—he was buried at Tonge Cemetery, behind his home.[73][74]

Legacy

Through his television work Dibnah became famous for felling chimneys (by the time of his death he had felled ninety), although it was one of his least favourite jobs.[75] As he made more films with Don Haworth, his outspoken views on changing society, work ethics and delinquency, made him the embodiment of the views of many of his fans and epitomised the view of a northern working man.[76]

Dibnah was praised by many notable British people. After reporting on his death, television presenter Peter Sissons remarked: "They don't make them like that any more". Comedian Peter Kay said: "It's very sad news. He was one of a kind and now he has gone I think there will be no one else like him. He was enthusiastic about a way of life that has virtually disappeared now." Brian Tetlow, chairman of the Bolton and District Civic Trust, said: "He's unique, not just to Bolton but to Britain and the world. Our thoughts are with his wife and children."[77]

An Vorlage:Convert bronze statue of Dibnah was unveiled by the Mayor of Bolton, in Bolton town centre, on 29 April 2008. The sculpture was created by Jane Robbins.[78] His home has since been converted into a heritage centre.[79] A play titled The Demolition Man, based on his final years, was staged in 2011 at Bolton's Octagon Theatre.[80]

Filmography

See Vorlage:IMDb name

  • Fred Dibnah: Steeplejack (1979)
  • Fred (1983)
  • Fred – A Disappearing World (1983)
  • A Year with Fred (1987)
  • A Year with Fred – New Horizons (1991)
  • Life With Fred (1994)
  • The Ups and Downs of Chimneys (1994)
  • The Fred Dibnah Story (1996)
  • Fred Dibnah's Industrial Age (1999)
  • Fred Dibnah's Magnificent Monuments (2000)
  • Fred Dibnah's Victorian Heroes (2001)
  • Fred Dibnah's Getting Steamed Up (2001)
  • Fred Dibnah's Building of Britain (2002)
  • Fred Dibnah's Age of Steam (2003)
  • Dig with Dibnah (2004)
  • A Tribute to Fred Dibnah (2004)
  • Fred Dibnah's Made in Britain (2005)
  • Fred Dibnah's World of Steam, Steel and Stone (2006)

Notes

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References

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Further reading

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Vorlage:Refend Steeplejack by Fred Dibnah, 1983, Line One Publishing, ISBN 0 907036 17 1 Steams On by Fred Dibnah with Peter Nicholson, 1984, Line One Publishing, ISBN 0 907036 20 1

Wikiquote: NearEMPTiness/Artikelwerkstatt bis 2.8.2018 – Zitate

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  27. ↑ a b Carney, Neil (2005). "'On the buses' to 'up the ladders'", In: Langston, Keith (edr). Fred Dibnah MBE Remembered: The life & times of a Great Briton 1938–2004 Mortons Media Group. ISBN 978-0-9542442-6-2
  28. ↑ Vorlage:Harvnb
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  69. ↑ own says farewell to Fred Dibnah. Bolton Evening News, 8. November 2004, abgerufen am 3. Juni 2013.
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