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Bank Hall

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Vorlage:Infobox Historic building

Bank Hall mansion house is a fine example of Jacobean architecture located south of the village of Bretherton, Lancashire. Bank Hall is a Grade II* Listed Building and is in the category A Section of the Buildings at Risk Register for Lancashire, which indicates that it is in "immediate risk of further rapid deterioration".[1] [2]

The present Bank Hall was first built in 1608 by the Banister family, who were evicted from their family seat at Prestatyn Castle in Wales in 1240.[3][4] A timber structure is believed to have existed on the site prior to the 1608 construction.

Bank Hall was extended during the 18th and 19th centuries by many descendants from the various branches of the family tree, including the Banisters, the Fleetwoods, the Leghs and the Kecks (who later became Legh-Kecks). The main extensions were built in 1832-1833 to the design of the architect George Webster (1797-1864) (who was also the architect for the since demolished Penwortham Priory.)[5]

History

The Banister Family

For centuries Bank Hall was the manorial residence of the Banisters, who were known as the 'Lords of the manor of Bretherton'. [6] They gained their wealth from farming and leasing their land to tenants.

In 1608 the Banister family built the first phase of the present Bank Hall building and demolished part of the timber structure of the old Bank Hall building. The new manor house was rectangular and had two rooms to the east and a room and staircase to the west with a grand hall in the centre with a screen and grand fireplace. The Great Hall is believed to have been similar to the neighbouring Rufford Old Hall's Great Hall. The 1608 house is also believed to have had a timber extension where the east wing stands today.

Draining Martin Mere

In 1692, Thomas Fleetwood, had the first great attempt at draining Martin Mere.[7]

Legh Keck

Legh Keck coat of arms above the front porch at Bank Hall

George Anthony Legh Keck, the last resident owner of Bank Hall, commissioned George Webster to design the grand 1832-1933 extensions. The Aga Khan is thought to have visited Bank Hall during his residence.

Art Collections

Legh Keck was known for his enormous collections of stuffed animals and birds, as well as sets of horns from many species of animals from all over the world. He also owned a collection of classical style statuettes and casts of figures by the sculptor Antonio Canova.


Ormerod House

There is evidence of a connection between the Fleetwood and Leigh family and the Hargreaves family from Ormerod House, Burnley.[8]

Shrigley Hall

There is also a link with Shrigley Hall via Elizabeth Atherton (Legh Keck's wife), whose parents were Harriet Legh and Robert Vernon Atherton; Harriet Legh's brother, Thomas Peter Legh, had a son also called Thomas Legh, who married Ellen Turner, the daughter of William Turner of Shrigley Hall, on 14 January 1829. They had a daughter Ellen Jane Legh who was married to Father Brabazon Lowther in 1847. Ellen Jane died on 22 November1906.[9] Ellen Turner was in fact the girl at the centre of the Shrigley abduction at the age of 15 years; she died at 19 whilst giving birth to her daughter Ellen Jane.[10]

Auction

In the week beginning April 22nd, 1861 a year after the death of Legh Keck, all the furnishings and equipment of Bank Hall, belonging to the late George Anthony Keck Legh, were sold off at an auction held over three days at Bank Hall. The auction catalogue survives today and includes all the items sold, listed by room. (Copies are available from the Bank Hall Action Group.)[11]

Lord Lilford

After the death of Legh Keck, Bank Hall was used as a holiday home by the Lilford Family until the late 1800s and was then leased out by Lord Lilford to Sir Harcourt Clare and his family. The family seat was Lilford Hall in Northamptonshire. Bank Hall is still in the Lilford Estates today; the current Lord Lilford resides in South Africa and Jersey. The Lilford Family also have connections with Heskin Hall, Heskin, Lancashire, where the Lilfords lived until the divorce of Lady and Lord Lilford in 1969.

Edward Frederick Crippin

Edward Frederick Crippin was involved in an incident in Wigan on Friday, 22 August 1890, by where his horse and carriage knocked down a young girl carrying a baby. He was then frowned upon by local residents so due to the guilt that he felt from the incident, he decided to escape from the area; by doing so he moved from his home at Bryn Hall in Wigan to Bank Hall. While residing at Bank Hall he remained the proprietor of Bryn Hall Colliery and travelled to Ashton in Makerfield to check on the running of his business. He also spent a large amount of money on Bank Hall's sanatation despite only leasing the property.

The Memorial at Manchester Crematorium for Edward Frederick Crippin gives his address at the time of death as Bryn Hall Wigan. This is where he lived at the time of the 1881 census and where it is assumed he lived when he made the arrangements for his cremation. The 1891 census shows that he moved later to Bank Hall, Bretherton, where he died of pneumonia the following year on 3 February 1892 at Bank Hall aged 44 years old. His nephew Albert Oswald Pike was present at the time of his death at Bank Hall. His cremation took place at Woking Crematorium, Surrey.

Sir Harcourt Clare

Sir Harcourt was the second ever Clerk to Lancashire County Council.[12] He was previously Clerk to Liverpool City Council before taking up the post at the Lancashire Offices.[13] In 1920 Sir Harcourt was also the clerk to the Lancashire Asylums Board and controlled Brockhall, Langho, near Blackburn for the Lancashire Asylums Board. In 1922, when he was 'Clerk of the Peace and the Clerk to the County Council of Lancashire', he was offered the position of Divisional Commissioner, but declined.

He moved to Bank Hall with his wife and his daughter Dorothy. The family were known for their involvement with the surrounding communities, often hosting garden parties in the grounds at Bank Hall. They were also known for having many types of pekingese dogs such as Japanese Spaniels with their very own groom and trainer to care for them.[14]

The three crosses of the Harcourt family graves in St John's churchyard, Bretherton

The Clare family are buried side by side in the graveyard at St John the Baptist parish church in Bretherton. There are three headstones in the shape of a cross: the furthest away from the church is of Dorothy Clare, the middle and largest is of Lady Clare and the cross nearest the church is of Sir Harcourt and reads:

In Memory of Sir Harcourt Everard Clare.KT. Died March 1st 1922 In His Sixty-Eighth Year[15]

The Seddon-Brown Family

The next tenants were the Seddon-Brown family. Lieutenant Colonel Sir Norman Seddon-Brown owned a successful cotton mill.

On 1 April 1908, Captain Norman Seddon Brown was one of the officers promoted from the 1st Volunteer Battalion to the 5th Battalion of the Manchester Regiment; they were all appointed to the battalion with rank and precedence as in the Volunteer Force.[16] On 1 January 1936, he was knighted in the New Year's Honours List. Sir Norman Brown was a former chairman of Wigan Constitutional Association.[17] Shortly after, on 17 January 1936, Sir Norman Brown changed his surname to Seddon-Brown.[18] On 20 November 1940 Norman Martin Seddon-Brown was given the title of Lieutenant.[19]

In 1938 Sir Norman and Lady Seddon-Brown moved to a house called Escowbeck, in Caton, (formerly owned by the Greg Family from Quarry Bank Mill), and Bank Hall lay vacant yet again.[20]

World War II

The outbreak of war saw the Lilford family give up Bank Hall as well as most of Lilford Hall for the duration of the war so that the army could use the buildings and estate land. Those who were billeted at Bank Hall oversaw all the ports between Barrow-in-Furness in the North and Holyhead in Wales. This included Liverpool which was the main port to Europe at the time due to the Trans-Atlantic Route. The 303 Station Hospital was created at Lilford Hall, while Lord Lilford continued to live in one wing.[21]

Demolished Wing

The north east wing at Bank Hall was yet another service wing which was demolished during WWII as the army needed to get closer to the building with their vehicles. This wing was belived to house a boiler-house, shed, laundry, dairy and cheese rooms, mangle room, brew house and wash house, all of which created a courtyard.[22] No photographic evidence has been found of this wing but the outline can be seen clearly on the 1928 ordnance survey map. This also shows two more green houses and some smaller buildings in the walled garden which also no longer exist. A pond was constructed on the site of the courtyard and a concrete drive installed.

Post-War

After the war Bank Hall was handed back to the Lilford Estates, who kept their estate office in the East Wing of the house until 1972, when they vacated it.[23] Three magnolia trees are growing out of the foundations of the East Wing and now cover the exterior, which has lost one gable. The East Wing also contains a ground floor room that has no windows and a concrete ceiling, it has a thick steel door painted white and the Action Group believe that it hasnt been opened since the estate offices left the hall in 1972.[24]

The house suffered from neglect, vandalism and theft, as evidenced by graffiti ranging from the 1970's until 2001, when the house was finally secured.

Mary Ann graffiti on the east wing staircase from 1979.

Some interesting graffiti refers to the 1979 Eurovision Song Contest; the British entry, "Mary Ann" by Black Lace, is written on the wall of the East wing staircase. During the 1980's the west wing roof and part of the clock tower collapsed; In 2006 the water tank that supplied the house crashed through the floors of the jacobean part of the building causing major damage to the roof, a front gable and the rooms below.[25]

In March 2008, a member of the Bank Hall Action Group found a date stamp, still bearing the date when it was last used, 6 August 1945. This item, along with many others which have yet to be found, will have been 'disposed of' in the grounds when the war ended in 1945. [26]

Bank Hall Action Group

The Bank Hall Action Group, formed in 1995, are a voluntary group with the purpose of raising public awareness of Bank Hall and eventually restoring it. They hold year-round events to raise funds and awareness of the building's importance and condition and the urgent need for action to save it. The Heritage Trust for the North West have assisted them in raising awareness of Bank Hall and will run a visitor centre there when the building is restored.[5].

Bank Hall in the media

Bank Hall's need for restoration was highlighted when the building featured in the first series of the BBC's Restoration programme, on 8 August 2003.[27] Bank Hall, described as a "beautiful and impressive Jacobean country house", competed with Brackenhill Tower (near Carlisle) and the Victoria Baths in Manchester. Over all Bank Hall came second in the series for the total number of votes.[28] In the series update in April 2009 Restoration Revisited included photos and videos of Bank Hall, but did not name it.[29]

Bank Hall was also an exterior filming location for the 1969 film The Haunted House of Horror. (Interiors were filmed in the Birkdale Palace Hotel in Southport.)[30]

Architecture

Diaper flushwork on a 1608 front elevation

The 1608 Bank Hall is believed to have been rectangular and is now the central part of the house. It had brickwork in a diaper, flushwork design; the same pattern can be seen locally at Carr House. Unfortunately in 1832 when George Webster remodelled the house, he installed new windows in the front of the house and created a new entrance porch was created, and so much of the diaper pattern was lost; similarly on the other sides of the house, the new extensions covered the old brickwork pattern. However, one elevation survived the extensions, apart from two windows being installed in 1832 and a new gable added to the top. The diaper pattern here demonstrates what the house once looked like.

The Clock tower

The Bank Hall clock tower was first built in the late 17th Century, (between 1660 and 1665) and was later remodelled in the 1832-33 renovations.[31] The northeast corner collapsed in the mid 1980's and the tower has continued to deteriorate, losing a clock face and 3/4 of the statues from the battlements. A cantilevered oak staircase still remains in the tower; in 2008 part of the staircase from the south elevation collapsed, but caused no damage to the balustrade.[15]Three of the corner decorative designs remain but the west elevation has a crack that has been held together by scaffolding installed in 2002 during emergency repairs funded by the Action Group and English Heritage.[32] At that time what was left of the clock mechanisms was removed from the tower and the fallen statues and clock face parts put into storage awaiting restoration. The clocks also featured Fleur-de-lis at each corner of the clock faces, they are thought to be featured on the Keck family coat of arms.[33] The bad condition of the clock tower is the reason Bank Hall is a Grade II* listed building and is on English Heritage's "Heritage at Risk Register." [34]

A view of the Grade II* listed clock tower that contains the oak cantilevered staircase

Decorative details

Bank Hall has many decorative features, from the west wing bay window to the artificial windows on the kitchen chimneystack wall. These features are mainly from the 1832 renovation work, and include Legh Keck's initials "G.A.L.K" and "1833" inscribed above the Italian bay windows and four cast iron ram's heads (holding a Laurel sprig in its mouth) [35] and lady's heads [36] on the front porch coat of arms and on the tower battlements. The lead rain hoppers feature the initials "LK", and the porch has two green men, on either side of the doors.

Restoration plans

In 2006 the Bank Hall Action Group confirmed that property developers Urban Splash had been taken on board to help restore Bank Hall and develop a business plan.[37] They envisage creating 12 housing units within Bank Hall, with a further 23 new houses in the former orchard, arranged in two courtyards.[38]

The Heritage Trust for the North West are also keen to develop the old potting sheds, greenhouse and walled kitchen garden into a heritage kitchen garden, to be open to the public along with the rest of the leisure grounds, which contain many specimen trees and flowers. In summer 2009 they signed a 999-year lease from the Lilford Estate.[39]

A Structural report was also carried out in 2009 by Urban Splash. [40]

The cost of restorating the shell of the building has been estimated at £3 million.[1] It is hoped that work can commence in 2010.[41] At the Snowdrop events held by the Bank Hall Action Group in February 2010, the plans for the restoration of Bank Hall were for the first time available for the public to view.

The Bank Hall Estate

River Douglas taken from the bank at the edge of the Bank Hall gardens.

The Bank Hall Estate covers many acres surrounding the Bank Hall mansion house and includes the following features:

River Douglas

The River Douglas had a major impact on the landscape of the Bank Hall gardens as to provide defence from the river waters, a large embankment was constructed. There are also land drains and ditches from the Bank Hall gardens which drain into the River Douglas, the bridge behind the lodge crosses one of them.

Bank Bridge & Bank Bridge Warehouse

Bank Bridge and the warehouse in 2010

Bank Bridge carries the A59 road over the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and the River Douglas, which cross the estate on the west side. The warehouse was storage for the estate and a lot of the goods and crops from the farms were transferred to canal boats there to be taken to market. The warehouse and yard are still used by the estates.

Bank Hall Lodge

Bank Hall lodge, bridge in 2008

This building can be seen at the corner of Bank Bridge and was the main gate house to the mansion. Behind it is a small bridge which was restored in 2006 by the tenants. The building is still owned by the estate and is private property. It no longer offers access to Bank Hall because of the increased volume of traffic on the A59. The building is also known as 'Bank Lodge' and can be seen on the 1928 Ordnance Survey Map. [42]

The Barn

The Bank Hall barn is a grade II listed Elizabethan long barn. In 2004, after many years of neglect, it was converted into residences.[43] The barn measures 60 meters in length and once housed the farm animals, the hay barn and farm machinery.

Bank Hall Farm

Bank Hall farm in 2007

The Bank Hall farm was the Home Farm of Bank Hall, it is situated opposite the potting sheds at the north end of the walled garden to the east of the house. The farm house is still leased by the Estates today. The pigsties have been demolished, but other outbuildings survive and the farm yard pond has since been filled in.

Coach House Building

The Estate offices, blacksmith's forge and coach house were housed in a building in the centre of the farm. The Estate offices moved into the hall after the army left at the end of the Second World War. The forge was used for many years by the gamekeepers for their 'shoot' in the bank hall estate, and this section of the building is still in use. The coach house, where the coaches were maintained and kept, was later used by the Seddon-Brown family for housing their Bentleys. The building was mostly vacant until the Estates gave the Bank Hall Action Group permission to use the coach house as a refreshments area and the Estate offices as a visitor centre, which opened in 2000.[15] Unfortunately, on 20 January 2007 the visitor centre suffered a fire, causing mainly smoke damage, and a temporary visitor center was housed in the coach house.[44]

Gardener's House

This building was the first house seen on the carriage drive towards Bretherton. Charles Thompson, the Head Gardener at Bank Hall, lived here in his later years. He worked at Bank Hall from the age of sixteen until he died in his 90s. The house was formorly known as 'Crossford Lodge' (which can be seen on the 1828 ordnance survey map), before it was greatly extended and became the 'Bank Hall Kindergarten'.

Former gardener's house, now a kindergarten in 2007

The Gamekeeper's Lodge

The old gamekeeper's lodge in 2006

This was the next building that could be seen on a carriage drive; it was sold on 11 January 2007 then demolished in 2008 and replaced by a modern single-story building.[45]

Bretherton Lodge

This is the building at the end of the carriage drive by the gate. It is also known as 'The New Lodge' which can be seen on the 1928 Ordnance Survey Map. The Thompson family lived here for many years; Charles Thompson lived here as a boy. The building is today leased by the estate.

Bank Hall Windmill

The first Bank Hall windmill was originally constructed in 1741.[46] Local maps from 1845 show 'Bank Mill' between Bank Bridge and Plocks Farm (just off the A59 road) within the Bank Hall Estate.The Windmill was formorly a corn mill and was converted into private housing in the 1950s; the Kneen family lived in the northwest wing of Bank Hall while the work was in progress. Today the windmill is a Grade II listed building and stands as a reminder of the corn trade that used to thrive in the area. [47]

Carr House

Carr House porch. Note the brickwork above the porch with a similar design to the front of Bank Hall.

Carr House is a house situated within the Bank Hall Estate. The house was built by the Stone family in 1613 and was once the home of Jeremiah Horrocks, who was the first person to predict and observe the Transit of Venus in 1639. It is also thought that Jeremiah was the tutor of the Stone family's children while he resided with them at Carr House.

Features within the gardens

Swimming pool

During the 1930s the Sir Seddon-Brown had an outdoor swimming pool built for his children, a rare luxury at the time. The pool was only uncovered by the Bank Hall Action Group in 1998, whilst clearing the Gardens of brambles and weeds. The pool had been derelict for some time but the brick walls and stone steps remain.

Walled garden

Bank Hall walled garden and greenhouse (2009)

The walled garden is situated to the east of Bank Hall and contains a greenhouse and potting sheds which run the length of the north wall, and a heated outdoor wall which runs a quarter of the length of the east wall, up to a door which led to the orchards. The gardeners of Bank Hall grew exotic plants and fruit trees in the greenhouses, while the outside walled garden was a kitchen garden. During the Second World War, the walled garden was ripped up and replaced by wooden army huts to house troops. The Heritage Trust for the North West would like to restore the walled garden, greenhouse and potting sheds as a 'Heritage Garden' as part of a separate restoration project to the main building.

The Conservatory

The conservatory was situated on the west-facing wall of the projecting wall from the east wing of the house. The original conservatory complemented the architecture of the house, with finials and balls. It was replaced by a more modern conservatory in the early 1900s which was also demolished during the 1950s. The original conservatory can be seen on the 1894 ordnance survey map.

Maiden's Walk

Maiden's Walk is a raised embankment near the Bank Hall barns which is lined with lime trees. The Walk starts at the main driveway in front of the house and ends within the woodlands; it once connected to a path leading to the back of the house.

Yew avenue

Bank Hall Cricket Grounds field (2009)

There was once a walk way in the rear of the Bank Hall gardens lined with yew trees. It connected the gardens with the cricket ground at the back of the leisure gardens.

Pond

The pond was situated to the west of the yew avenue. The army drained it during World War II, and many trees have grown in the silt at the bottom. In summer 2009, members of the Bank Hall Action Group cleared the sycamore trees from the pond area to create a sunken garden, which has been planted with native flowers and ferns, snowdrops and various plants from around the Bank Hall Estate. [48]

Arboretum

The Arboretum was created by George Anthony Legh Keck, where he planted the gardens of Bank Hall with many fine specimen trees fromm all around the world. Many of the trees which survive today have been identified and protected by the Bank Hall action Group, from smaller trees which have grown very close to the specimen trees during the years the gardens where abandoned.[49]

Flowers

Bank Hall snowdrop carpet, February 2009

There are many flowers at Bank Hall. The main ones that have been identified are:

  • Snowdrops - Masses of snowdrop carpets can be seen from January to March.
  • Daffodils - Daffodils of many varieties dominate the grounds after the snowdrops have finished blooming.
Bank Hall daffodils, April 2009
  • Bluebell- The bluebells come in many shades of colour, including blue, purple, pink and white.
  • Primroses - When it was used as a residence, Bank Hall was known locally for the masses of primroses that grew in the grounds; unfortunately, due to tree planting in the 1980s, the primroses have died off. They are making a comeback with conservation action being taken by the Action Group to ensure they continue to grow.
  • Clematis - A giant clematis plant grows over an archway by the North Wing of the house; it had spread to the perimeter fence and created a wall. The arch plant was pruned back in March 2009.
  • Red campion- One of the many flowers that dominate the rear gardens in the summer, creating a meadow effect with the long grass.
  • Foxglove- Since the grounds have been cleared of debris, foxgloves have appeared all over the gardens in the summer.
  • Rhododendrons - There are many rhododendrons scattered around the Bank Hall estate and flanking the carriage drive. They include magenta, purple and a white (thought to be Rhododendron decorum subsp. diaprepes). Some of the rhododendrons in the leisure gardens have been pruned back so new growth can reshape the bushes. Rhododendron catawbiense, Rhododendron macrophyllum.

Fern

There are many types of fern at Bank Hall, some of which have even been growing in the building since the early 1980s when the roof of the west wing collapsed. The ferns are still being identified.

Trees

The oldest specimen tree at Bank Hall is the English Yew, which is over 550 years old, predating the present house. It may be the oldest in Lancashire. The tallest is the Wellingtonia, which towers over the woodland at the back of the house. Other trees that can be found in the gardens of bank hall are:

  • Atlas cedar
  • Beech
  • Cherry tree
  • Coast Redwood - There are quite a few specimens at Bank Hall, the most noteable being the fallen Redwood which is believed to be one of only two in the UK.[50]
    Bank Hall Fallen Sequoia in Janruary 2010.
  • Common yew
  • Deodar cedar
  • Dawn redwood - Because of the rarity of this tree, it is thought that when explorers brought back some specimens from China to Kew Gardens in the early 1900s, some were given as a gift to the residents at Bank Hall.
  • Hawthorn
  • Holly
  • Hornbeam
  • Horse chestnut- There are a few specimens in the grounds but the most prominent is on the bank of the River Douglas, where its many branches have formed a wall.
  • Irish yew
  • Lebanon cedar - A new specimen was planted in the grounds to replace the original that was cut down in the 1980s.
  • Lime tree - Some of these trees flanked the driveway to the front porch and Maidens Walk. The carriage drive is still lined with tall lime trees.
  • Magnolia - These are the three trees that are growing out of the side of the east wing. They were planted to grow up the wall and because of neglectthey are now growing from the building's foundations.
  • Oak
  • Scots pine
  • Silver birch
  • Sycamore - These are seen as a weed at Bank Hall and have damaged other trees because of their fast growth and competition for space. Some old specimens are being kept, but trees that are cut down are replaced with specimen trees.
  • Wellingtonia - This is the tallest tree in the Bank Hall grounds and some smaller specimens can also be seen in the grounds.[50]

Snowdrop Carpets

Some of the snowdrop carpets at Bank Hall in 2008

In spring 2000, after extensive clearing of part of the gardens at Bank Hall, the first signs of the forgotten snowdrops started to appear with a small clump poking up through some brambles. Since then the Action Group have cleared more of the gardens to reveal more snowdrops, which have cross pollinated during their dormant years. Many varieties of snowdrop have been noted at Bank Hall, some of them rare; those have been removed off-site for protection until the hall is restored. New displays and paths have been created for the 2010 season.[51]

In 2007 the UK Snowdrop Society visited Bank Hall and viewed a special temporary display of rare Bank Hall snowdrops that were brought back for the occasion.[15]

  • Daffodils at Bank Hall
    Daffodils at Bank Hall
  • Tower lawn at Bank Hall
    Tower lawn at Bank Hall
  • Snowdrops on the vista
    Snowdrops on the vista
  • Daffodils on the vista
    Daffodils on the vista
  • Snowdrop carpets by the west wing
    Snowdrop carpets by the west wing
  • Snowdrops and tower lawn
    Snowdrops and tower lawn
  • Snowdrops at the front of Bank Hall
    Snowdrops at the front of Bank Hall
  • Front of Bank Hall
    Front of Bank Hall
  • A view of the Grade II* listed clock tower that contains the oak cantilevered staircase
    A view of the Grade II* listed clock tower that contains the oak cantilevered staircase
  • View of the northwest wing from the 1930s swimming pool area
    View of the northwest wing from the 1930s swimming pool area
  • Ladybird on a nettle leaf July 2009
    Ladybird on a nettle leaf July 2009

References

Vorlage:Reflist

  1. ↑ a b http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/environment/documents/SpatialPlanning/Environment.pdf
  2. ↑ http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/190609north_west_2009_har_register.pdf
  3. ↑ http://www.castlewales.com/prestyn.html
  4. ↑ http://www.castleuk.net/castle_lists_wales/116/prestatyncastle.htm
  5. ↑ a b http://www.bankhall.org.uk/html/documents/BHAG_Record_Book-Edition%203.pdf
  6. ↑ http://www.1066.co.nz/library/battle_abbey_roll1/subchap56.htm
  7. ↑ http://www.heskethbank.com/history/bulpit/bulpittltn.html
  8. ↑ John Burke, A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, 4 volumes, Volume 4, London: Colburn, 1838, p. 685.
  9. ↑ http://leigh.editme.com/files/TheLymeParkLeghs/English%20Leighs,%20Lyme%20Park%20Leghs%20Genealogy%20Report.pdf
  10. ↑ http://www.fatfieldhaunted.co.uk/shriglehall.html
  11. ↑ http://62.173.124.60/AnitePublicDocs/00062876.pdf
  12. ↑ http://interactive.stockport.gov.uk/Heritage/Directories/1907/page021.PDF
  13. ↑ http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/26769/pages/4693
  14. ↑ http://chestofbooks.com/animals/dogs/Dog-Shows/Mrs-Harcourt-Clare.html
  15. ↑ a b c d http://bankhallbretherton.webs.com/bankhalltimeline.htm
  16. ↑ http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/28193/pages/8041
  17. ↑ http://www.wiganworld.co.uk/stuff/chronology9.php?opt=chrono&yr=1936
  18. ↑ http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34253/pages/883
  19. ↑ http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/35034/supplements/123
  20. ↑ http://www.tarletonvillage.com/history/rectorsweekly/460314.html
  21. ↑ http://www.303rdbg.com/sp-hospital.html
  22. ↑ http://62.173.124.60/AnitePublicDocs/00062876.pdf
  23. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group (2004) Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire, Written by Paul Dillon and Geoff Coxhead
  24. ↑ http://bankhallbretherton.webs.com/bankhalltimeline.htm
  25. ↑ http://bankhallbretherton.webs.com/bankhalltimeline.htm
  26. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group Archives and Artifact Register, 2009
  27. ↑ http://www.chorley-guardian.co.uk/chorley/39VIPs39-back-Bank-Hall-bid.567388.jp
  28. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/restoration/2003/#bankhall
  29. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b00k2f87/Restoration_Revisited/
  30. ↑ http://www.eofftv.com/h/hau/haunted_house_of_horror_main.htm
  31. ↑ Bank Hall Action Group (2004) Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire, Written by Paul Dillon and Geoff Coxhead
  32. ↑ http://risk.english-heritage.org.uk/default.aspx?id=525&rt=1&pn=96&st=a&ctype=all&crit=
  33. ↑ http://www.myfamilysilver.com/crestFinder/crestDetails.aspx?id=155018&searchName=Keck
  34. ↑ http://risk.english-heritage.org.uk/default.aspx?id=525&rt=0&pn=1&st=a&di=Chorley&ctype=all&crit=
  35. ↑ http://www.myfamilysilver.com/crestFinder/crestDetails.aspx?id=156711&searchName=Legh
  36. ↑ http://www.myfamilysilver.com/crestFinder/crestDetails.aspx?id=155017&searchName=Keck
  37. ↑ http://www.lep.co.uk/news/Historic-hall-may-be-turned.1630871.jp
  38. ↑ http://www.bdonline.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=3096943
  39. ↑ http://www.southportvisiter.co.uk/southport-news/southport-southport-news/2009/07/24/classic-and-vintage-car-show-at-bank-hall-bretherton-this-weekend-101022-24226496/
  40. ↑ http://62.173.124.60/AnitePublicDocs/00062872.pdf
  41. ↑ http://www.southportvisiter.co.uk/southport-news/southport-southport-news/2009/07/31/bank-hall-car-show-brings-in-the-crowds-101022-24277443/
  42. ↑ Bank Hall Lodge in 1910
  43. ↑ http://www.findaproperty.com/displayprop.aspx?edid=00&salerent=0&pid=4103615
  44. ↑ http://www.bankhall.org.uk/documents/BHAG.pdf
  45. ↑ http://www.chorley.gov.uk/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=3143&p=0
  46. ↑ http://www.mouseprice.com/property-information/ref-19309299
  47. ↑ http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:qbQlv9mAsd4J:www.ga-petfoodpartners.co.uk/_uploads/downloads/Chapter%252019%2520Archaeology%2520ES%2520FINAL.pdf+ordance+survery+maps+1848+tarleton&hl=en&sig=AHIEtbQ7Ek3pVo4dZmljDg5RnutQylZPzw
  48. ↑ Bank Hall News Letter, Autumn 2009
  49. ↑ http://62.173.124.60/AnitePublicDocs/00062876.pdf
  50. ↑ a b http://www.redwoodworld.co.uk/picturepages/bretherton.htm
  51. ↑ http://www.lep.co.uk/preston-city-centre/Story-shorts--110210.6062979.jp
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