Wikipedia

Hurrikan Humberto (2007)

tropischer Wirbelsturm im Atlantik
Dies ist eine alte Version dieser Seite, zuletzt bearbeitet am 1. September 2008 um 19:15 Uhr durch Juliancolton (Diskussion | Beiträge) (→Louisiana and Southeast United States: c/e). Sie kann sich erheblich von der aktuellen Version unterscheiden.

Vorlage:Infobox Hurricane Hurricane Humberto formed and intensified faster than any other tropical cyclone on record before landfall. Developing on September 12, 2007, in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, the cyclone rapidly strengthened and struck High Island, Texas with winds of about 90 mph (150 km/h)[1] early on September 13. It steadily weakened after moving ashore, and on September 14 it began dissipating over northwestern Georgia as it interacted with an approaching cold front. Humberto was the eighth named storm and third hurricane of the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season, and became the first hurricane to strike the United States since Hurricane Wilma of 2005. Damage was fairly light, estimated at approximately US$50 million.[1]

Storm history

Vorlage:Storm path Humberto formed from the remnants of a frontal trough that moved offshore of south Florida, on September 5. The combination of a weak surface trough and an upper-level low produced disorganized showers and thunderstorms from western Cuba into the eastern Gulf of Mexico.[2] Tracking slowly west-northwestward, unfavorable wind shear initially prevented development.[3] By late on September 11, environmental conditions became more favorable,[4] and the following morning convection increased over the low pressure area.[5] Tracking around the western periphery of a mid-level ridge, the system turned to a slow northwest drift and quickly organized. Radar imagery reported loose banding features, and buoy data indicated the presence of a surface circulation; based on the observations, the National Hurricane Center classified the system as Tropical Depression Nine about 60 miles (100 km) southeast of Matagorda, Texas.[6]

Upon first becoming a tropical cyclone, the tropical depression was forecast to slowly strengthen to reach peak winds of 45 mph (75 km/h).[6] Within three hours of forming, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Humberto.[7] A small cyclone, the storm continued to quickly organize as it turned north-northeastward, with radar imagery suggesting the formation of an eye by early on September 13.[8] Based on reports from Hurricane Hunters, Humberto was upgraded to hurricane status at 0515 UTC on September 13 while located about 15 miles (20 km) off the coast of Texas.[9] The hurricane made landfall a few miles to the east of High Island at around 0700 UTC. A well-defined eye was maintained with strong convection around it, and Hurricane Hunters reported sustained winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) about two hours after landfall.[10] (The post-storm analysis later determined that the winds were a bit stronger - about 90 mph (150 km/h).[1]) Based on operational estimates of a wind speed increase of 50 mph (85 km/h), the National Hurricane Center reported that "no tropical cyclone in the historic record has ever reached this intensity at a faster rate near landfall." The path of the eye continued northeastward and passed over Port Arthur, Nederland, Port Neches, Groves, and Bridge City, Texas at Category 1 hurricane strength. This was the second time within two years (following Hurricane Rita on September 24, 2005) that these cities experienced the eyewall and eye of a hurricane. By eight hours after landfall, Humberto weakened to a tropical storm as it crossed into southwestern Louisiana.[11] Increased upper-level wind shear caused the storm to weaken rapidly over land, and late on September 13 Humberto weakened to a tropical depression. Upon issuing its last advisory, the National Hurricane Center remarked on the potential for the remnants of the storm to turn southward into the Gulf of Mexico.[12] However, the storm continued northeastward through the southeastern United States, and on September 14 Humberto began dissipating over northwestern Georgia as degenerated into a remnant low pressure area.[13]

Preparations

 
Radar image of Hurricane Humberto at Texas landfall

Upon first becoming a tropical cyclone, a tropical storm warning was issued from Port O'Connor, Texas, to Cameron, Louisiana, with a tropical storm watch from Cameron to Intracoastal City, Louisiana;[14] after Humberto was upgraded to a tropical storm, the watch was upgraded to a warning.[15] Upon reaching hurricane status, the National Hurricane Center issued a hurricane warning from High Island, Texas, to Cameron, Louisiana.[16] An inland tropical storm warning was issued for several parishes in southwestern Louisiana.[17] The National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center issued a tornado watch for southwestern coastal parishes. All coastal watches and warnings were canceled as Humberto weakened to a tropical storm.[11] Prior to moving ashore, officials in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, advised residents in low-lying or flood-prone areas to consider leaving for a safer location. A shelter was prepared in Lake Charles,[17] where 29 people stayed during the storm.[18] Flood watches and warnings were issued for portions of Mississippi and Louisiana as the cyclone tracked across region.[19]

Prior to the arrival of the hurricane, Texas Governor Rick Perry, prepared state resources for the potentially impacted areas, including the deployment of 200 Texas Military Forces soldiers. For search and rescue missions, six Black Hawk helicopters and two water rescue teams. The Texas State Operations Center was activated shortly after the cyclone developed.[20]

Impact

Texas

 
Fallen trees caused many power losses in Southeast Texas

A few hours prior to its development, outer rainbands from the depression began moving over portions of the Texas coast.[5] Heavy rainfall from intense thunderstorms caused minor flooding as they crossed the coastline during the subsequent days;[21] precipitation in the state peaked at 14.13 inches (358.9 mm) at East Bay Bayou, the highest recorded rainfall total in association with the hurricane.[13] Sustained winds peaked at 69 mph (112 km/h) with gusts to 85 mph (137 km/h) at Sea Rim State Park; the National Weather Service estimates gusts exceeded 90 mph (145 km/h) in southwestern Jefferson County and extreme southeastern Chambers County.[22] Upon moving ashore, Humberto produced a minor storm surge in the state, peaking at 2.86 feet (0.87 m) at Rollover Pass; the combination of surge and waves resulted in light beach erosion.[21]

Hurricane Humberto left 10 homes completely destroyed in Galveston County, with an additional 19 severely damaged in the county; several homes received minor shingle damage, and road closures left about 5,000 houses isolated in the county. The combination of saturated grounds and strong winds uprooted many trees and downed power lines across the path of the hurricane,[21] with at least 50 high voltage transmission poles blown down or seriously damaged; over 120,000 power customers in Orange and Jefferson counties lost power,[18] with 118,000 Entergy customers in the state without electricity.[23] Widespread flooding occurred in Jefferson and Orange counties, and at least 20 homes in Beaumont were flooded. Additionally, several roadways were flooded. The passage of the hurricane caused one fatality in the state; a Bridge City man was killed when his carport crashed on him outside his house.[18] Overall damage estimates were about $50 million.[1]

Oil production was slowed as a result of Humberto, as at least four refineries—the Valero plant in Port Arthur and the ExxonMobil, Total SA and Motiva Enterprises LLC plants in Beaumont—were halted due to the loss of power. Oil prices rose above $80 a barrel in intraday trading on September 12 as a result, ending the next day at a record high of $80.09 a barrel.[24][25] Natural gas futures rose 8 percent ahead of the storm, but lost most of those gains the next day.[25]

 
Humberto's rainfall

Louisiana and Southeast United States

Tracking through the state as a weakening tropical storm, Humberto produced light to moderate winds across southwestern Louisiana, with 38 mph (61 km/h) reported as the highest sustained wind in Calcasieu Pass. Gusts officially peaked at 43 mph (69 km/h) in the state, although an unofficial reading of 55 mph (89 km/h) was reported in Vinton.[22] Heavy rainfall occurred across the area, reaching a peak of 8.25 inches (210 mm) in DeRidder.[26] The rainfall caused some slight river flooding, and the Vermilion River in Lafayette reached a crest of 0.94 feet (0.29 m) above flood stage. Storm surge was minor in the state, peaking at 2.13 feet (0.65 m) in Cypremont Point;[27] no beach erosion was reported.[18]

Widespread freshwater flooding occurred in Beauregard Parish, leaving some homes in DeRidder flooded. High water across the southwestern portion of the state resulted in the closure of several roadways, including U.S. Route 171 and some state highways. Isolated wind damage was reported, particularly near the Texas border, with some trees and power lines knocked down. A total of about 13,000 power customers lost electricity in southwestern Louisiana.[18] After the circulation dissipated, the remnants of Humberto spawned several tornadoes across portions of South Carolina and North Carolina and caused widespread damage to portions of three counties in the central part of the state. Numerous tornadoes were reported,[28] though none caused any injuries.[29]

Aftermath

Hours after Humberto made landfall, Rick Perry declared Galveston, Jefferson, and Orange counties as disaster areas, which allocated state resources to assist the affected residents.[20] The governor applied for a presidential disaster declaration on September 21.[30] Four Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) teams assessed the hurricane damage in the three most affected counties.

Because the damage from Hurricane Humberto was not severe, the name Humberto was not retired and is on the list of names for the 2013 Atlantic hurricane season.

See also

Vorlage:Tcportal

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Commons: Hurrikan Humberto – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

Vorlage:2007 Atlantic hurricane season buttons

  1. ↑ a b c d Blake: Hurricane Humberto Tropical Cyclone Report. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 19. November 2007.
  2. ↑ Beven: September 8 Tropical Weather Outlook. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 12. September 2007.
  3. ↑ Rhome: September 10 Tropical Weather Outlook. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 12. September 2007.
  4. ↑ Pasch & Landsea: September 11 Tropical Weather Outlook. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 12. September 2007.
  5. ↑ a b Mainelli: September 12 Tropical Weather Outlook. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 12. September 2007.
  6. ↑ a b Franklin: Tropical Depression Nine Discussion One. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 12. September 2007.
  7. ↑ Franklin: Tropical Storm Humberto Public Advisory One-A. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 12. September 2007.
  8. ↑ Pasch: Tropical Storm Humberto Discussion Three. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  9. ↑ Mainelli & Avila: Hurricane Humberto Special Discussion Four. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  10. ↑ Mainelli & Avila: Hurricane Humberto Discussion Five. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  11. ↑ a b Franklin: Tropical Storm Humberto Discussion Six. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  12. ↑ Beven: Tropical Depression Humberto Discussion Seven. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  13. ↑ a b Hedge: Public Advisory 11 for the Remnants of Humberto. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center, 2007, abgerufen am 14. September 2007.
  14. ↑ Franklin: Tropical Depression Nine Public Advisory One. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  15. ↑ Franklin: Tropical Storm Humberto Public Advisory Two. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  16. ↑ Mainelli & Avila: Hurricane Humberto Public Advisory Four. National Hurricane Center, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007.
  17. ↑ a b Erickson: Hurricane Humberto Local Area Statement. Lake Charles National Weather Service, 2007, abgerufen am 13. September 2007. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  18. ↑ a b c d e Landreneau, Shamburger, Erickson, and Rua: Hurricane Humberto Post-Tropical Cyclone Report. Lake Charles, Louisiana National Weather Service, 2007, abgerufen am 20. September 2007.
  19. ↑ Petersen: Public Advisory 9 for the Tropical Depression Humberto. Hydrometeorological Prediction Center, 2007, abgerufen am 14. September 2007.
  20. ↑ a b Office of the Governor of Texas: Texas Governor Perry Declares Three Texas Counties Disaster Areas. 2007, abgerufen am 20. September 2007.
  21. ↑ a b c Blood, Overpeck, Lichter: Hurricane Humberto Post-Tropical Cyclone Report. Houston, Texas National Weather Service, 2007, abgerufen am 19. September 2007.
  22. ↑ a b National Weather Service: Hurricane Humberto Winds & Lowest Pressures. 2007, abgerufen am 19. September 2007.
  23. ↑ Dan Wallach: 11:00 a.m.: Entergy determining costs of Humberto, Beaumont Enterprise, 17. September 2007. Abgerufen am 20. September 2007 
  24. ↑ Matthew Robinson: Oil hits record over $80, Reuters, 13. September 2007 
  25. ↑ a b Myra P. Saefong: Oil futures mark first-ever close above $80 a barrel, USA Today, 13. September 2007 
  26. ↑ National Weather Service: Hurricane Humberto Rainfall. 2007, abgerufen am 20. September 2007.
  27. ↑ National Weather Service: Hurricane Humberto Storm Surge and River Levels. 2007, abgerufen am 20. September 2007.
  28. ↑ Raleigh, North Carolina National Weather Service: Hurricane Humberto Special Weather Statement. 2007, abgerufen am 25. Dezember 2007.
  29. ↑ WRAL5.com: Humberto's Ghost Lashes Triangle With Winds and Rain. 14. September 2007, abgerufen am 25. Dezember 2007.
  30. ↑ Sarah More: Much-watched storm remains nameless as it drifts onto land. Beaumont Enterprise, 2007, abgerufen am 22. September 2007.
Abgerufen von „https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurrikan_Humberto_(2007)&oldid=50272675“