Wikipedia

Bertram Fletcher Robinson

englischer Journalist, Mitglied des Crimes Club (1870–1907)
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Bertram Fletcher Robinson (22 August 1870 – 21 January 1907) was an English sportsman,[1] journalist, editor, author and Liberal Unionist Party campaigner.[2] During his life-time, he wrote at least three hundred items, including a series of short stories that feature a detective called 'Addington Peace'.[3] However, Robinson is perhaps best remembered for his literary collaborations with his friends and fellow Crimes Club members, Arthur Conan Doyle[4] and P. G. Wodehouse.[5]

Early life and family

Bertram Fletcher Robinson (affectionately referred to as either 'Bobbles' or 'Bertie') was born on 22 August 1870 at 80 Rose Lane, Mossley Hill, Liverpool. During 1882, he relocated with his family to Park Hill House at Ipplepen in Devon.[6]

Robinson's father, Joseph Fletcher Robinson (1827–1903) was the founder of a general merchant business in Liverpool (c. 1867), which is now called Meade-King, Robinson & Company Limited (also known as, 'MKR').[7] Previously, around 1850, Joseph had travelled to South America where he was befriended by Giuseppe Garibaldi and fought alongside him, and the Uruguayans, against the Argentine dictator, Juan Manuel de Rosas in the Guerra Grande .[8]

Robinson's uncle, Sir John Richard Robinson (1828–1903), was the long-time editor-in-chief of the Daily News and also a prominent committee member of the Liberal Reform Club. His friends included James Payn, William Black, Sir Wemyss Reid, George Augustus Sala and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.[9]

Robinson went to school at Newton Abbot Proprietary College (1882–1890)[10] alongside the future geographer, artillery officer, cartographer, archaeologist, and explorer of South America, (Lieutenant Colonel) Percy Harrison Fawcett. Later, their mutual friend, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, would use Fawcett's Amazonian field reports as the inspiration for his popular novel, The Lost World.[11]

Between 1890 and 1894, Robinson attended Jesus College, Cambridge where he studied both History and Law. He was awarded a Second Class History Tripos Bachelor of Arts degree (1893), Part I of the Law Tripos Bachelor of Arts degree (1894) and a Master of Arts degree (1898).[12]

During his time as an undergraduate, Robinson won three Rugby Football Blues and, according to his obituary in the Daily Express (22 January 1907), he would have played rugby union for England but for an "accident". Robinson also rowed for Jesus College and he was a member of the crew that won the Thames Challenge Cup at the Henley Royal Regatta on 7 July 1892.[13] On 12 February 1894, The Times reported that Robinson was tried for the position of fourth oar with the Cambridge 'Trial Eight' ahead of the annual Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race ('The Boat Race 1894').

On 17th June 1896, it was reported within the ‘Council of Legal Education’ section of The Times newspaper that Robinson had passed the Bar examination. He subsequently accepted an invitation to join the Inner Temple and thereby qualified as a Barrister but he subsequently never practised this profession.[14]

On 3 June 1902, 31‑year‑old Robinson married 22-year-old Gladys Hill Morris[15] at St. Barnabas Church, Kensington, London. Gladys was an actress and a daughter of the noted Victorian era artist Philip Richard Morris Vorlage:Post-nominals (1833–1902). The Robinsons had no children of their own but they were godparents to Geraldine Winn Everett, the daughter of Sir Percy Everett. 'Winn' later worked as a General Practioner in Essex.[16]

Writing and editorial career

 
Title page from Rugby Football (1896)

Bertram Fletcher Robinson held editorial positions with The Newtonian (1887–1889), the Granta (1893–1895), The Isthmian Library (1897–1901), Daily Express (July 1900 – May 1904), Vanity Fair (May 1904 – October 1906), The World (journal) (October 1906 – January 1907) and The Gentleman's Magazine (January 1907).[17]

Between 1893 and 1907, writing under the pen name "B. Fletcher Robinson", Robinson authored or coauthored at least nine satirical playlets, 54 short stories, four lyrics, 44 articles (for 15 different periodicals), 128 bylined newspaper reports, 24 poems and eight books, the first of which, was Rugby Football (A.D. Innes & Company, London). He also made contributions to the plots of two Sherlock Holmes stories written by Arthur Conan Doyle and edited a further eight books about various sports and pastimes for The Isthmian Library (1897–1901).[18]

In July 1899, the first of Robinson’s 54 short stories titled Black Magic: The Story of the Spanish Don was published in Cassell's Magazine. This story is illustrated by F. H. Townsend and it is told in the first-person narrative by an old Sailor to an educated gentleman in a pub overlooking a Cornish harbour. The narrator recalls meeting a strange Spanish-speaking passenger (the ‘Don’), aboard a trading brig, during a voyage to Africa around 1856. It transpires that the ‘Don’ has recently murdered his friend for gold. The ‘Don’ becomes convinced that the murdered-man has possessed a shark, which is following the ship and is intent on exacting revenge against him. References to nautical terms, kerosene and palm-oil, suggest that Robinson may have adapted this story from tales told to him by his father.[19]

In July 1900, Robinson and the creator of Sherlock Holmes, Arthur Conan Doyle, 'cemented' their friendship whilst they were aboard a passenger ship that was travelling to Southampton from Cape Town. The following year, Robinson told Doyle legends of ghostly hounds, recounted the supernatural tale of Squire Richard Cabell III[20] and showed him around grimly atmospheric Dartmoor. The pair had previously agreed to co-author a Devon-based story but in the end, their collaboration led only to Doyle's novel The Hound of the Baskervilles, which was first published in book form by George Newnes Ltd on 25 March 1902.[21][22][23]

Doyle is sometimes seen as downplaying the importance of Robinson's contribution to The Hound of the Baskervilles. Indeed, the Devon-born literary scholar and critic, Professor William Wallace Robson[24] wrote that it is 'impossible to determine' the precise extent of Robinson's role, but in all probability he merely acted as a 'creative trigger'. Professor Robson adds that once the element of Sherlock Holmes was added to the original idea, the novel evolved beyond the joint project that was originally posited. Robinson himself conceded in writing that his part within the collaboration was restricted to that of an “assistant plot producer”.[25] Nevertheless, Doyle paid Robinson a Vorlage:Frac Royalty payment, which amounted to over £500 by the end of 1901[26] and he also wrote the following note that featured within the first of nine monthly instalments of this story, which commenced serialisation in The Strand Magazine from August 1901:

Vorlage:Cquote

 
Cover of The Trail of the Dead (1904)

Between December 1902 and August 1903, The Windsor Magazine published seven short stories of adventure fiction by Robinson and Captain Sir Malcolm Fraser, 1st Baronet, under the collective title of The Trail of the Dead: The Strange Experience of Dr. Robert Harland. In February 1904, six of these stories were republished in a book titled The Trail of the Dead (Ward, Lock & Co.), which is illustrated by Adolf Thiede. During 1998, the seventh story, titled "Fog Bound", was republished as "Fogbound" in a compendium of short stories, which was edited by Jack Adrian and titled Twelve Tales of Murder.[27] In April 2009, all seven tales were included and republished in a book titled Aside Arthur Conan Doyle: Twenty Original Tales by Bertram Fletcher Robinson, which was compiled by Paul Spiring.[28][29]

During 1903, Robinson also contributed an idea to the plot of a second Sherlock Holmes short story, "The Adventure of the Norwood Builder". This is one of the very few Holmes stories in which a fingerprint provides a good clue to the nature of the problem. The pivotal wax thumbprint reproduction idea was devised by Robinson, and Doyle paid him a fee of £50 for the use of it. The story was first published in Collier's (US) on 31 October 1903 and in The Strand Magazine (UK) in November 1903, and it also features as the second tale in the 1905 collection of thirteen Sherlock Holmes stories titled The Return of Sherlock Holmes.[30]

Between December 1903 and January 1907, Robinson (‘Bobbles’) and his friend, P. G. Wodehouse (‘Plum’), co-wrote four playlets that were published in three different periodicals. Each playlet is written in the style of a pantomime and they parody the debate within Edwardian era Britain surrounding the Tariff Reform League and proposed changes to tax law. During July 2009, these playlets were compiled and republished in facsimile form by Paul Spiring in a book titled Bobbles & Plum.[31] This book also features an introduction by the prominent Wodehouse scholars, Lieutenant-Colonel Norman Murphy and Tony Ring, and text annotations by W.S. Gilbert scholar, Andrew Crowther.[32][33]

Datei:Addington Peace.jpg
Cover of The Chronicles of Addington Peace (1905)

Between August 1904 and January 1905, Robinson had the first of a new six-part serialisation of detective short-stories published in The Lady’s Home Magazine.[34] In June 1905, this series of stories together with two new ones was collected and published in a book, which is illustrated by Thomas Heath Robinson (no relation) and titled, The Chronicles of Addington Peace (Harper & Brothers). The main protagonist 'Detective Inspector Addington Peace' works for Scotland Yard within their Criminal Investigation Department and he is partnered by a Dr. Watson-like biographer, neighbour and artist called 'James Phillips'. Upon their first encounter, Phillips describes Peace as follows:[35]

Vorlage:Cquote

In August 1949, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine listed Robinson’s The Chronicles of Addington Peace as one of the most influential collections of crime short stories ever written. 'Ellery Queen' was the name of a fictional American detective created by the writing partnership of Frederic Dannay and Manfred B. Lee. The former was principally responsible for producing this index of crime fiction, which was republished as a book in 1951, which is titled Queen's Quorum: A History of the Detective-Crime Short Story as Revealed by the 106 Most Important Books Published in This Field Since 1845 (Little, Brown and Company, Boston). Supplements were published until 1969, by which time the index had increased to 125 titles.[36]

Robinson’s 54th and final short story titled How Mr. Denis O'Halloran Transgressed His Code was published in Appleton's Magazine in January 1907 during the same month as his death. This story is set in England at about the time of the Battle of Culloden and the exploits of Bonnie Prince Charlie and it centres upon a tragic domestic dispute between one 'Colonel Francis Yorke' and his stepmother. The story is illustrated by the noted American artist and illustrator, Arthur E. Becher.[37][29]

Death

 
Robinson's grave at St. Andrew's Church in Ipplepen

Bertram Fletcher Robinson died aged 36 years on 21 January 1907, at 44 Eaton Terrace, Belgravia, London. The official cause of his death is recorded as 'enteric fever (3 weeks) and peritonitis (24 hours)'. Others with a bent for the occult attributed his death to a curse linked with an Egyptian artefact called the Unlucky Mummy, which would later be linked to the sinking of RMS Titanic.[38] Robinson was buried beside his parents at St. Andrew's Church, Ipplepen, near Newton Abbot in Devon.[39]

Obituaries were published in The World (journal), The Times, Daily Express, The Western Guardian, Western Morning News, The Sphere, The Gentleman's Magazine, The Athenaeum (British magazine), The Illustrated London News, The Mid-Devon and Newton Times, Vanity Fair (British magazine), The Book of Blues and the Annual Report of the Jesus College Cambridge Society (1907). The English poet and journalist, Jessie Pope also wrote the following eulogy to Robinson, which was published in the Daily Express on 26 January 1907:

Vorlage:Cquote

Funeral and memorial services

 
Alfred Harmsworth employed Robinson until shortly before his death

At 3:30pm on Thursday 24 January 1907, a funeral service was held for Robison at St. Andrew’s Church in Ipplepen. Robinson's friend, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was unable to attend either the funeral service or the subsequent memorial service because he was at that time, busily campaigning for the release from prison of one George Edalji. Conan Doyle did, however, send a floral tribute to the funeral service, with the handwritten message "In loving memory of an old and valued friend from Arthur Conan Doyle."

At 4:00 pm on Thursday 24 January 1907, The Reverend Septimus Pennington conducted a memorial service for Robinson at St. Clement Danes, Strand, London.[16] According to a report in the Daily Express newspaper (Saturday 26 January 1907), the congregation included the following notable figures: Arthur Hammond Marshall,[40] (Sir) Owen Seaman, (Sir) Max Pemberton, (Sir) Cyril Arthur Pearson, (Sir) Percy Everett, (Lord) Alfred Harmsworth, (Sir) Joseph Lawrence, Sir Felix Semon (Physician to the King),[41] Sir William Bell (former member of the British Iron Trade Association & tax-reform campaigner), (Sir) Anthony Hope, Clement King Shorter,[42] Gerald Fitzgerald Campbell, (Author), (Sir) Leslie Ward ('Spy'), Thomas Anstey Guthrie, (Sir) Evelyn Wrench and Henry Hamilton Fyfe.[43] The congregation sang Peace, Perfect Peace (hymn), which was written by (Bishop) Edward Henry Bickersteth in 1875.

Legacy

 
Cover of Wheels of Anarchy (1908)

In January 1908, just one year after Robinson's death, his former editor, friend and fellow Crimes Club member, the popular English novelist, Max Pemberton had a story published by Cassell (publisher), which is titled, Wheels of Anarchy: The Story of an Assassin as Recited from the Papers and the Personal Narrative of His Secretary Mr. Bruce Ingersoll. This book includes the following book dedication in the form of an 'Author's Note':[44]

Vorlage:Cquote

Wheels of Anarchy is an adventure tale about anarchists and assassins, which is set across Continental Europe. The novel's hero and narrator 'Bruce Driscoll', is like Robinson, a graduate of Jesus College, Cambridge and he appears to be modelled upon Robinson. In December 2010, Wheels of Anarchy by Max Pemberton was compiled, introduced and republished in facsimile form by Paul Spiring and Hugh Cooke.[45][46]

During 1909, Gladys Robinson sold both Park Hill House and 44 Eaton Terrace and she then appears to have moved to France. During World War I, Gladys met Major William John Frederick Halliday (Distinguished Service Order), a Royal Artillery officer born in London in 1882 and affectionately referred to as "Fred". The couple got married at the British Diplomatic mission in Paris on 7 January 1918 and thereafter, they relocated to Henley-on-Thames in Oxfordshire.[47]

In October 1912, Conan Doyle's novel The Lost World was published. This story is narrated by a character named 'Edward Dunn Malone'. It is possible that Malone is modelled upon Robinson because like Robinson, Malone was raised in the West Country, exceeded six feet in height, became an accomplished amateur rugby union player, worked as a London-based journalist, and he loved a woman called Gladys.[48]

During 1998, both Robinson's collaboration with Sir John Malcolm Fraser, which is titled, The Trail of the Dead and perhaps his most notable work, The Chronicles of Addington Peace, were republished as a single volume by the Battered Silicon Dispatch Box (Ontario, Canada). This book features an introduction to the stories, which was written by the noted American author, editor and publisher, Peter Ruber.[49]

In September 2008, Brian Pugh and Paul Spiring published a biography about Bertram Fletcher Robinson, which is titled Bertram Fletcher Robinson: A Footnote to The Hound of the Baskervilles. This book includes an extensive and factual account of the circumstances, which surrounded the literary collaboration between Arthur Conan Doyle and Robinson, over the novel of the same name.[50][51]

 
A plaque that commemorates Robinson at Caunters Close, Ipplepen

During January 2009, Ipplepen Parish Council gave permission for a commemorative plaque and bench to be situated outside Caunters Close in Ipplepen.[52] Later that same year, Paul Spiring had a book published, which is titled The World of Vanity Fair by Bertram Fletcher Robinson. This book features nearly two hundred items of chromolithography that were originally published in Vanity Fair and were created by artists including Leslie Ward and Carlo Pellegrini (caricaturist). Spiring's book is a facsimile of fifteen articles that Robinson wrote for The Windsor Magazine, under the title of Chronicles in Cartoon, whilst he was the editor of Vanity Fair (1904-1906). In these articles, Robinson reviews the most prominent caricatures, which appeared in Vanity Fair between 1868 and 1907, and collectively they offer an insight into high society during the mid to late Victorian era.[53][54]

In February 2010, Robinson’s first book, Rugby Football was compiled and republished in facsimile form by Paul Spiring.[55] This book includes a comprehensive introduction by rugby historians, Patrick Casey and Hugh Cooke. It also features a foreword by the rugby enthusiast, Robinson-family descendent and non-executive director of Meade-King, Robinson & Co. Ltd., Anthony Graeme de Bracey Marrs, Vorlage:Post-nominals.[56][57]

In June 2010, Brian Pugh, Paul Spiring and retired Psychiatrist, Doctor Sadru Bhanji (brother of the acclaimed international actor, Sir Ben Kingsley), had a book published, which is titled, Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes and Devon.[58][59] This book contends that the success of Sherlock Holmes is partly attributable to Bertram Fletcher Robinson and two other former Devon residents called Doctor George Turnavine Budd (medical doctor) and (Sir) George Newnes (Doyle's original publisher).[60][61][62]

On 1 September 2011, Short Books Limited released a novel titled The Baskerville Legacy by the respected British journalist, John O'Connell.[63] This book presents a highly fictionalised account of the circumstances that led Arthur Conan Doyle and Bertram Fletcher Robinson to conceive The Hound of the Baskervilles.[64]

On 8 January 2012, the BBC broadcast "The Hounds of Baskerville", which is the second episode of the second series of the multi-award winning, crime-drama series, Sherlock and which, follows the modern-day adventures of Sherlock Holmes. This series was written by co-creator Mark Gatiss, who also portrays Mycroft Holmes, Sherlock's brother in this series, which was directed by Paul McGuigan. This episode is a contemporary adaptation of The Hound of the Baskervilles and it features a character and local Guide called ‘Fletcher’, which is based upon Bertram Fletcher Robinson, and was played by the actor, Stephen Wight.[65]

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Vorlage:Daily Express editors

  1. ↑ Fletcher Robinson & Rugby. BFRonline.BIZ, archiviert vom Original am 31. August 2009; abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  2. ↑ Bertram Fletcher Robinson (1870-1907). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  3. ↑ B. Fletcher Robinson Bibliography. Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  4. ↑ Publication of the Hound of the Baskervilles. In: History Today.
  5. ↑ Earliest Wodehouse satires discovered. In: The Guardian.
  6. ↑ A website which commemorates the life & works of Bertram Fletcher Robinson (1870–1907). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  7. ↑ Meade-King, Robinson & Co. Ltd. – Homepage of the firm that was founded by Joseph Fletcher Robinson. Mkr.co.uk, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  8. ↑ Further details about Joseph Fletcher Robinson (1827–1903). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  9. ↑ Further details about Sir John Richard Robinson (1828–1903). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  10. ↑ Vorlage:Acad
  11. ↑ "THE LOST CITY OF Z: A TALE OF DEADLY OBSESSION IN THE AMAZON," Kirkus Reviews. (Dec. 1, 2008): "The British explorer Percy Fawcett’s exploits in jungles and atop mountains inspired novels such as Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Lost World".
  12. ↑ Vorlage:Acad
  13. ↑ Fletcher Robinson & Rowing (Parts 1 & 2). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  14. ↑ B. Fletcher Robinson Chronology. Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  15. ↑ Further details about Mrs. B. Fletcher Robinson (1879–1946). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  16. ↑ a b Diocese Petition. BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  17. ↑ B. Fletcher Robinson Chronology. Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  18. ↑ B. Fletcher Robinson Bibliography. Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  19. ↑ B. Fletcher Robinson Chronology. Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  20. ↑ Paul Spiring: Hugo Baskerville & Squire Richard Cabell III. BFROnline, 2007, archiviert vom Original am 23. September 2015; abgerufen am 29. März 2009.
  21. ↑ The Hound of the Baskervilles (Part 1). Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  22. ↑ The Hound of the Baskervilles (Part 2). Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  23. ↑ The Hound of the Baskervilles (Conclusion). Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  24. ↑ Obituary: Professor W. W. Robson. In: The Independent. 7. August 1993, abgerufen am 15. Juli 2020.
  25. ↑ The Sherlock Holmes Journal (Vol 29, No 2, p. 49). Sherlockholmes.ning.com, 8. Juli 2009, archiviert vom Original am 14. Juli 2011; abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  26. ↑ Paul R. Spiring, Brian W. Pugh: Bertram Fletcher Robinson: A Footnote to the Hound of the Baskervilles Kindle Edition. MX Publishing, London 2011, ISBN 978-1-904312-40-6, S. 1075–1137.
  27. ↑ Jack Adrian: Twelve Tales of Murder. Oxford University Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-19-288075-8.
  28. ↑ Paul R. Spiring: Aside Arthur Conan Doyle - Twenty Original Tales by Bertram Fletcher Robinson - Compiled by Paul Spiring. MX, 2009, ISBN 978-1-904312-52-9.
  29. ↑ a b John Van der Kiste: Aside Arthur Conan Doyle: Twenty Original Tales by Bertram Fletcher Robinson (Editor). In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  30. ↑ On the trail of the origins of a chilling masterpiece. Thisissouthdevon.co.uk, archiviert vom Original am 20. Januar 2011; abgerufen am 6. Januar 2011.
  31. ↑ Paul R. Spiring: Bobbles & Plum: Four Satirical Playlets by Bertram Fletcher Robinson and PG Wodehouse - Compiled by Paul Spiring. MX, 2009, ISBN 978-1-904312-58-1.
  32. ↑ Madame Eulalie - Articles and Essays. In: www.madameulalie.org. Abgerufen am 15. Juli 2020.
  33. ↑ John Van der Kiste: Bobbles & Plum: Four Satirical Playlets by Bertram Fletcher Robinson and PG Wodehouse by Paul R Spiring (Editor). In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  34. ↑ The Lady’s Magazine [1901]. Magazine Data;
  35. ↑ B. Fletcher Robinson Chronology. Abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  36. ↑ See both Ellery Queen & Queen's Quorum – Complete Checklist. Classiccrimefiction.com, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  37. ↑ Paul R. Spiring: Aside Arthur Conan Doyle - Twenty Original Tales by Bertram Fletcher Robinson - Compiled by Paul Spiring. MX, 2009, ISBN 978-1-904312-52-9.
  38. ↑ – Fletcher Robinson & the 'Mummy' (Part I) by Paul R Spiring, – Fletcher Robinson & the 'Mummy' (Part II) by Paul R Spiring
  39. ↑ ViewFinder – Image Details. Viewfinder.English-heritage.org.uk, archiviert vom Original am 6. Juni 2011; abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  40. ↑ Arthur Hammond Marshall. AbeBooks, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  41. ↑ Laryngologists books. Thecyberconxion.com, archiviert vom Original am 16. Juli 2011; abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  42. ↑ Clement King Shorter. AbeBooks, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  43. ↑ Henry Hamilton Fyfe. Spartacus-Educational.com, abgerufen am 27. Februar 2019.
  44. ↑ Fletcher Robinson, Pemberton & Doyle. BFRonline.BIZ, archiviert vom Original am 16. März 2010; abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  45. ↑ Max Pemberton, Hugh Cooke, Paul R. Spiring: Wheels of Anarchy by Max Pemberton. MX, 2010, ISBN 978-1-907685-31-6.
  46. ↑ Louise Laurie: Wheels of Anarchy by Max Pemberton. In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  47. ↑ Further details about Mrs. B. Fletcher Robinson (1879–1946). BFRonline.BIZ, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite web: Archiv im Parameter URL erkannt. Archive müssen im Parameter Archiv-URL angegeben werden.
  48. ↑ Conan Doyle, 'The Lost World' & Devon. BFRonline.BIZ, archiviert vom Original am 25. Juni 2009; abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  49. ↑ The Chronicles of Addington Peace: and, The Trail of the Dead by B. Fletcher Robinson. Battered Silicon Dispatch Box, 1998, ISBN 978-1-896032-33-7.
  50. ↑ Paul Spiring Brian Pugh: Bertram Fletcher Robinson: A Footnote to the Hound of the Baskervilles. MX Publishing, 2008, ISBN 978-1-904312-40-6.
  51. ↑ Ruth Price: Bertram Fletcher Robinson: A Footnote to the Hound of the Baskervilles). In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  52. ↑ "Caunters Close" "Ipplepen" – Google Maps. Google Maps, 1. Januar 1970, abgerufen am 24. Juli 2009.
  53. ↑ Paul R Spiring: The World of Vanity Fair by Bertram Fletcher Robinson. MX Publishing, London 2009, ISBN 978-1-904312-53-6.
  54. ↑ John Van der Kiste: The World of Vanity Fair by Paul R Spiring (Editor). In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  55. ↑ Paul R. Spiring: Rugby Football during the Nineteenth Century: A Collection of Contemporary Essays about the Game by Bertram Fletcher Robinson. MX Publishing, London, 2010, ISBN 978-1-904312-87-1.
  56. ↑ Rugby Book Review – Rugby in the 19th Century. In: rugbyworld.com. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  57. ↑ Robin Leggett: Rugby Football by Bertram Fletcher Robinson. In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  58. ↑ Brian W. Pugh, Paul R. Spiring, Sadru Bhanji: Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes & Devon. MX, 2010, ISBN 978-1-904312-86-4.
  59. ↑ Book Awards & Nominations. In: mxpublishing.com. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  60. ↑ The lasting appeal of legendary detective Sherlock Holmes is due to t… Archiviert vom Original am 5. Mai 2013;.
  61. ↑ Professor Mark Brayshay: Book Review: Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes and Devon. In: devonassoc.org.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  62. ↑ John Van der Kiste: Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes and Devon. In: thebookbag.co.uk. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
  63. ↑ John 'O' Connell: The Baskerville Legacy: A Confession. Short Books Ltd., 2011, ISBN 978-1-907595-46-2.
  64. ↑ Adrian Turpin: The Baskerville Legacy. In: Financial Times. 23. September 2011, archiviert vom Original am 26. Oktober 2012;.
  65. ↑ The Hounds of Baskerville. In: imdb.com. Abgerufen am 30. Januar 2024.
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