Wikipedia

Nintendo VS. System

Arcade-System von Nintendo
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Vorlage:Short description Vorlage:Refimprove Vorlage:Infobox information appliance

The Vorlage:Nihongo foot is an arcade system developed and produced by Nintendo from 1984 to 1990. It is based on most of the same hardware as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). All of its games are conversions from NES, some heavily altered for the arcade format. The system focuses heavily on two-player cooperative play. It was released in three different configurations: upright VS. UniSystem cabinets, upright VS. DualSystem cabinets, and sit-down VS. DualSystem cabinets. Games are on pluggable circuit boards, allowing for each side to have a different game.

The VS. System was a commercial success in the United States, where it sold about 100,000 arcade cabinets and was the highest-grossing arcade machine of 1985. It was the first version of the Famicom hardware to debut in North America, in 1984. The system's success in the arcades paved the way for the official release of the NES console in North America.

Hardware

The VS. System was designed primarily as a kit to retrofit Donkey Kong, Donkey Kong Jr., Donkey Kong 3, Popeye, and Mario Bros. cabinets, so they require the same special monitor. These monitors use inverse voltage levels for their video signals as compared to most arcade monitors.

Almost all VS. System cabinets have identical hardware powered by a Ricoh 2A03 central processing unit (CPU), the same in the Nintendo Entertainment System, except for special PPUs or video chips.[1] Each chip contains a different palette that arrange the colors in different configurations chosen apparently at random. Most boards can be switched to a new game simply by swapping the program ROMs and the appropriate PPU or the game will have incorrect colors.[2] Several of the later VS. games employ further copy protection by using special PPUs which swap pairs of I/O registers or return special data from normally unimplemented regions of memory. Attempts to run these games in other VS. System models will result in the game failing to even start.

Some dedicated VS. double cabinets look like two games butted together at an angle, with a single motherboard.

The Red Tent, a steel sit-down cabinet for the VS. DualSystem, allows play for up to four players simultaneously. It has the same motherboard as the double cabinet.

Because the VS. System has the same CPU as the NES, its games can be ported to the NES with modifications to the console including extra memory banks and additional DIP switches.[3]

Version differences

Some games are different from their Famicom/NES versions. For example, VS. Super Mario Bros. is considerably more difficult than Super Mario Bros.; some of the levels were reused in Super Mario Bros. 2 for the Family Computer Disk System.[4] Some games' graphics differ; for example, VS. Duck Hunt has more details and animation sequences.

History

The Nintendo VS. System was released for Japan in January 1984,[5] and for North America in April 1984.[6][7] It played an important role in the history of the Nintendo Entertainment System. The Vs. System was the first version of the Famicom hardware to debut in North America during 1984, the success of which paved the way for the official release of the NES console.[8][9] Following the video game crash of 1983, the North American home video game market had collapsed. Nintendo's negotiations with Atari to introduce the Famicom in North America fell through due to Atari's collapse, while Nintendo of America's market research was met with warnings to stay away from home consoles, with US retailers refusing to stock game consoles. Meanwhile, the arcade game industry also had a slump as the golden age of arcade video games came to an end, but the arcade industry was able to recover and stabilize with the help of software conversion kit systems, such as Sega's Convert-a-Game system, the Atari System 1, and the Nintendo-Pak system. Hiroshi Yamauchi realized there was still a market for video games in North America, where gamers were gradually returning to arcades in significant numbers. Yamauchi still had faith there was a market for the Famicom, so he decided to introduce it to North America through the arcade industry.[8]

Nintendo developed the VS. System with the same hardware as the Famicom, and introduced it as the successor to their Nintendo-Pak arcade system, which had been used for titles such as Donkey Kong 3 and Mario Bros. While technologically weaker than Nintendo's more powerful Punch-Out arcade hardware, the VS. System was relatively inexpensive in comparison, epitomizing Gunpei Yokoi's philosophy of "lateral thinking with withered technology." The Nintendo-Pak and Punch-Out hardware also had a limited game library, whereas the VS. System was able to offer a wider variety of games, due to being able to easily port over games from the Famicom. Nintendo of America hired Jeff Walker from Bally to help market the VS. System in North America, where it made its debut at the 1984 ASI show along with Punch-Out in February 1984.[8]

Reception

Upon release, the VS. System generated excitement in the arcade industry, receiving praise for its easy conversions, affordability, flexibility and multiplayer capabilities.[8][10] However, the VS. System received some criticism for its graphics, which were seen as being technologically weaker than rival arcade systems as well as a step back from Nintendo's own more powerful Punch-Out arcade hardware.[8]

In Japan, VS. Tennis topped Japan's chart for table arcade cabinets in April 1984[11] and May 1984,[12] while VS. Baseball topped the chart in June[13] and July 1984.[14] By 1985, however, the VS. System had declined in Japan, which led to Yamauchi deciding to pull Nintendo out of the Japanese coin-op industry in late 1985.[8]

In North America, by contrast, the VS. System became a major success.[8] In 1984, it was declared an "overwhelming hit" by Play Meter magazine, attributing its success to "good games and low price."[15] Between 10,000 and 20,000 arcade cabinets were sold in 1984,[16] while individual Vs. titles were top-earners on arcade charts.[9] VS. Tennis topped the arcade charts for software conversion kits in July 1984 (on the RePlay charts)[17] and August 1984 (on the Play Meter charts),[18] and VS. Baseball topped the charts from September[19] through November 1984.[20][21] By 1985, 50,000 cabinets had been sold, establishing Nintendo as an industry leader in the arcades.[22] In November 1985, five VS. games were on the US RePlay top 20 arcade charts, with VS. Hogan's Alley holding the top spot.[23] Duck Hunt was also popular in arcades at the time.[8] The VS. System went on to become the highest-grossing arcade machine of 1985 in the United States.[24][25]

The success of the VS. System gave Nintendo the confidence to release the Famicom in North America as a video game console, which would be called the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Nintendo's strong positive reputation in the arcades also generated significant interest in the NES. It also gave Nintendo the opportunity to test new games as VS. Paks in the arcades, to determine which games to release for the NES launch. Nintendo's software strategy was to first release games for the Famicom, then the VS. System, and then for the NES. This allowed Nintendo to build a solid launch line-up for the NES. Many games made their North American debut on the VS. System before being released for the NES, which led to many players being "amazed" at the accuracy of the arcade "ports" for the NES, despite most VS. System games originating on the Famicom.[8]

Within a few months of its 1986 release, 20,000 VS. Super Mario Bros. arcade units were sold, becoming the best-selling VS. release, with each unit consistently earning more than Vorlage:US$ per week. Its arcade success helped introduce Super Mario Bros. to many players who did not yet own a Nintendo Entertainment System.[26] By the time the NES launched in North America (between late 1985 and 1986), about 100,000 VS. Systems had been sold to American arcades.[27][28] According to Ken Horowitz, the VS. System "was perhaps the most vital catalyst in the rise of the NES to the top of the home video game market."[8]

List of games

Unknown prototypes of VS. System games may exist, either unreleased or released briefly for market testing.[29][30] The VS. System launch game was VS. Tennis in January 1984. Vorlage:Expand list

Title Developer Release date Vorlage:Abbr
Vorlage:Abbr Vorlage:Abbr
VS. Tennis Nintendo January 1984[5] March 1984 [31][32][33][34]
VS. Mahjong Nintendo February 1984 Unreleased [31]
VS. Baseball Nintendo March 1984 April 1984[6] [31][33][34][35]
VS. Duck Hunt Nintendo Unreleased April 1984 [33][34][6]
VS. Wrecking Crew Nintendo July 26, 1984 September 1984 [36][37][6]
VS. Pinball Nintendo July 26, 1984 October 1984 [38][39][33][34]
VS. Stroke and Match Golf Nintendo July 26, 1984 October 1984 [39][33][34]
VS. Ladies Golf Nintendo July 26, 1984 December 1984 [39][33][34]
VS. Balloon Fight Nintendo October 3, 1984 September 1984 [38][6]
VS. Ice Climber Nintendo February 1, 1985 October 1984[6] [40][33][34]
VS. Clu Clu Land Nintendo December 5, 1984 Unreleased [41]
VS. Excitebike Nintendo December 5, 1984 February 1985 [40][41][33][34]
VS. Urban Champion Nintendo December 1984 January 1985 [42][43][6]
VS. Hogan's Alley Nintendo Unreleased April 1985 [33][34][6]
VS. Mach Rider Nintendo 1985 November 1985 [44][33]
VS. Soccer Nintendo 1985 November 1985 [45][33][34]
VS. Raid on Bungeling Bay Nintendo 1985 1985 [46][34]
VS. Battle City Namco 1985 Unreleased
VS. Star Luster Namco 1985 Unreleased
VS. Super Mario Bros. Nintendo Unreleased February 1986 [47][48][49]
VS. Ninja JaJaMaru-kun Jaleco April 1986 Unreleased [50][51]
VS. Gumshoe Nintendo Unreleased May 1986 [52][6]
VS. SlalomVorlage:Efn-ua Nintendo Unreleased October 1986 [53][6]
VS. GradiusVorlage:Efn-ua Nintendo Unreleased November 1986 [54][6]
VS. The GooniesVorlage:Efn-ua Nintendo Unreleased November 1986 [55][6]
VS. Super Chinese Namco 1986 Unreleased
VS. Super Xevious: GAMP no Nazo Namco 1986 Unreleased
VS. Tower of Babel Namco 1986 Unreleased
VS. Valkyrie no Bōken: Toki no Kagi Densetsu Namco 1986 Unreleased
VS. Mighty Bomb Jack Tecmo 1986 Unreleased [56]
VS. Pro Baseball: Family Stadium Namco December 1986 Unreleased [57][58]
VS. Volleyball Nintendo December 1986 Unreleased [6]
VS. CastlevaniaVorlage:Efn-ua Nintendo Unreleased 1987 [59]
VS. Family Tennis Namco 1987 Unreleased [60]
VS. Top Gun Konami Unreleased 1987 [61]
VS. T.K.O. Boxing Data East Unreleased 1987 [62]
VS. Sky Kid Sunsoft Unreleased 1987 [63][64]
VS. Atari R.B.I. Baseball Atari Games Unreleased 1987 [65]
VS. The Quest of Ki Namco 1988 Unreleased
VS. Freedom Force Sunsoft Unreleased March 1988 [66][6]
VS. Vulcan Venture Konami Unreleased April 1988 [6]
VS. Platoon Sunsoft Unreleased 1988 [67]
VS. Tetris Atari Games Unreleased 1988
VS. Dr. Mario Nintendo Unreleased 1990 [68]
VS. Motocross Nintendo Unreleased Unreleased [34]
VS. Nintendo 500 Nintendo Unreleased Unreleased [34]
VS. Football Nintendo Unreleased Unreleased [34]
VS. Helifighter Nintendo Unreleased Unreleased [34]
VS. Head to Head Baseball Nintendo Unreleased Unreleased
VS. Great Tennis Jaleco Unreleased Unreleased [69]
VS. Lionex (prototype) Sunsoft Unreleased Unreleased [70]
VS. The Wing of Madoola (prototype) Sunsoft Unreleased Unreleased [70]
VS. Tōkaidō Gojūsan-tsugi (prototype) Sunsoft Unreleased Unreleased

Vorlage:Notelist-ua

See also

Notes

Vorlage:Notelist

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Vorlage:Nintendo Entertainment System Vorlage:Nintendo hardware Vorlage:Dedicated consoles

  1. ↑ Nintendo Vs. UniSystem/DualSystem Chipsets. In: www.pc-10.com. Abgerufen am 30. Juli 2017.
  2. ↑ Nintendo Vs. Unisystem Nintendo Vs. Dualsystem Arcade Manuals, PPU, PCB info, daughter board info, Nintendo Vs. Instruction Cards, game info. In: www.johnsarcade.com. Abgerufen am 30. Juli 2017.
  3. ↑ Raphael Assenat: Modding a NES to run Unisystem VS arcade games (1/14). In: www.raphnet.net.
  4. ↑ Rus McLaughlin: IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros. In: IGN. 13. September 2010, S. 3, abgerufen am 1. April 2015.
  5. ↑ a b Vs. Tennis (Registration Number PA0000204665). In: United States Copyright Office. Abgerufen am 30. Mai 2021.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Masumi Akagi: アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005). (deutsch: Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)). Amusement News Agency, Japan 2006, ISBN 978-4-9902512-1-5, S. 128 (japanisch, archive.org).
  7. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Ken Horowitz: Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games. McFarland & Company, 2020, ISBN 978-1-4766-4176-8, The Vs. System (1984), S. 119–28 (google.com).
  9. ↑ a b Chelsea Stark: 30 years later, Nintendo looks back at when NES came to America In: Mashable, October 19, 2015. Abgerufen im 13 April 2021 
  10. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  11. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  12. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  13. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  14. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  15. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  16. ↑ Ken Horowitz: Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games. McFarland & Company, 2020, ISBN 978-1-4766-4176-8, S. 125 (google.com): „More than 10,000 VS. System units were sold by the end of 1984 alone (some put the figure as high as 20,000)“
  17. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  18. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  19. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  20. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  21. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  22. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  23. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  24. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  25. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  26. ↑ Ken Horowitz: Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games. McFarland & Company, 2020, ISBN 978-1-4766-4176-8, S. 156 (google.com).
  27. ↑ Ken Horowitz: Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games. McFarland & Company, 2020, ISBN 978-1-4766-4176-8, S. 155 (google.com).
  28. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  29. ↑ other unMAMEd Arcade Games up to 1990. In: unmamed.mameworld.info.
  30. ↑ Urban Champion - NintendoWiki. In: niwanetwork.org.
  31. ↑ a b c Flyer Fever - Vs. Tennis / Mahjong / Baseball (Japan).
  32. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Tennis (U.S.).
  33. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Flyer Fever - The Vs. Challenge (U.S.).
  34. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Flyer Fever - VS.-Pak Library of Proven Best Sellers (U.S.).
  35. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Baseball (U.S.).
  36. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Wrecking Crew (Japan, Flyer 1). Archiviert vom Original am 20. Juli 2018; abgerufen am 2. September 2017.
  37. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Wrecking Crew (Japan, Flyer 2).
  38. ↑ a b Flyer Fever - Vs. Balloon Fight / Pinball (Japan). Archiviert vom Original am 20. Juli 2018; abgerufen am 2. September 2017.
  39. ↑ a b c Flyer Fever - Golf / Pinball (Japan). Archiviert vom Original am 20. Juli 2018; abgerufen am 2. September 2017.
  40. ↑ a b Flyer Fever - Ice Climber / Excite Bike (Japan). Archiviert vom Original am 20. Juli 2018; abgerufen am 2. September 2017.
  41. ↑ a b Flyer Fever - Excite Bike / Clu Clu Land (Japan). Archiviert vom Original am 19. Juli 2018; abgerufen am 2. September 2017.
  42. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Urban Champion (Japan). Amusement Press, 1. Juni 1985;.
  43. ↑ VS Urban Champion. In: Media Arts Database. Agency for Cultural Affairs, abgerufen am 19. Juni 2021.
  44. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Mach Rider (Japan). Amusement Press, 15. August 1985;.
  45. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Soccer (Japan). Amusement Press, 1. Dezember 1985;.
  46. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Raid on Bungeling Bay (Japan). Amusement Press, 1. Mai 1985;.
  47. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Mario's Adventure (U.S.).
  48. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Super Mario Bros. (U.S.).
  49. ↑ Masumi Akagi: アーケードTVゲームリスト国内•海外編(1971-2005). (deutsch: Arcade TV Game List: Domestic • Overseas Edition (1971-2005)). Amusement News Agency, Japan 2006, ISBN 978-4-9902512-1-5, S. 57 (japanisch, archive.org).
  50. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Ninja JaJaMaru-kun (Japan, Overseas Readers Column). Amusement Press, 1. Mai 1986;.
  51. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Ninja JaJaMaru-kun (Japan).
  52. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Gumshoe (U.S.).
  53. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Slalom (U.S.).
  54. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Gradius (U.S.).
  55. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. The Goonies (U.S.).
  56. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Mighty Bomb Jack (Japan). Amusement Press, 15. Oktober 1986;.
  57. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Pro Yakyu Family Stadium (Japan). Amusement Press, 1. Juni 1987;.
  58. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Pro Yakyu Family Stadium (Japan, Overseas Readers Column). Amusement Press, 15. Juni 1987;.
  59. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Castlevania (U.S.).
  60. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Family Tennis (Japan). Amusement Press, 1. Februar 1988;.
  61. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Top Gun (U.S.).
  62. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. T.K.O. Boxing (U.S.).
  63. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Sky Kid (U.S., Flyer 1).
  64. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Sky Kid (U.S., Flyer 2).
  65. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Atari R.B.I. Baseball (U.S.).
  66. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Freedom Force (U.S.). Amusement Press, 15. April 1988;.
  67. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Platoon (U.S.).
  68. ↑ Flyer Fever - Vs. Dr. Mario (U.S.).
  69. ↑ Game Machine - Vs. Great Tennis (Japan). Amusement Press, 1. November 1988;.
  70. ↑ a b Flyer Fever - Vs. Lionex / The Wing of Madoola (Japan).
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