Vorlage:Short description Vorlage:Current disaster Vorlage:Use dmy dates Vorlage:EngvarB Vorlage:Infobox pandemic Vorlage:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic sidebar The 2020 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Africa on 14 February 2020. The first confirmed case on the continent was in Egypt,[1][2] and the first confirmed case in sub-Saharan Africa was in Nigeria.[3] Most of the identified cases have arrived from Europe and the United States rather than from China.[4]
Experts have worried about COVID-19 spreading to Africa, because many of the healthcare systems on the continent are inadequate, having problems such as lack of equipment, lack of funding, insufficient training of healthcare workers, and inefficient data transmission. It was feared that the pandemic could be difficult to keep under control in Africa, and could cause huge economic problems if it spread widely.[5][4]
Matshidiso Moeti of the World Health Organization said that hand washing and physical distancing could be challenging in some places in Africa. Lockdowns may not be possible, and challenges may be exacerbated by the prevalence of diseases such as malaria, HIV, tuberculosis, and cholera.[5] The World Health Organization helped many countries on the continent set up laboratories for COVID-19 testing.[5] Many preventive measures have been implemented in different countries in Africa, including travel restrictions, flight cancellations, event cancellations,[6] school closures, and border closures.[7] Experts say that experience battling Ebola helped some countries prepare for COVID-19.[5][6]
As of 31 March 2020, five African sovereign states have yet to report a case of COVID-19: Comoros, Lesotho, Malawi, São Tomé and Príncipe, and South Sudan.Vorlage:Citation needed
Statistics
Total confirmed cases
Total confirmed case by country
Daily cases for the most infected African countries:
Total confirmed cases since Day 1 of Outbreak
Confirmed cases by country and territory
Algeria
The first case in the country was confirmed on 25 February. On the morning of 2 March, Algeria confirmed two new cases of the coronavirus, a woman and her daughter.[14]
On 3 March, Algeria reported another two new cases of the coronavirus. The two new cases were from the same family, a father and daughter, and were living in France.[15]
On 4 March, the Ministry of Health recorded 4 new confirmed cases of the coronavirus, all from the same family, bringing the total number to 12 confirmed cases.[16]
Angola
On 21 March, the first two cases in the country were confirmed.[17] Effective 20 March, all Angolan borders have been closed for 15 days.[18]
Benin
On 16 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[19]
Botswana
On 30 March, the first three cases in Botswana were confirmed.[20]
Burkina Faso
On 9 March, the first two cases in the country were reported in Burkina Faso.[21]
On 13 March, the third case was also confirmed, a person who had had direct contact with the first two cases.[22]
As of March 14, 2020, a total of 7 cases have been confirmed in the country. 5 of the new confirmed cases had had direct contact with the first two cases. 1 is an English national employed at a gold mine in the country who vacationed in Liverpool and came back on March 10, transiting through Vancouver and Paris .[23]
Burundi
On 31 March, the first two cases in the country were confirmed.[24]
Cameroon
On 6 March the first case was confirmed in Cameroon.[25]
Cape Verde
On 20 March, the first case in the country was confirmed, a 62 year old from the United Kingdom.[26][27]
Central African Republic
On 14 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[28]
Chad
On 19 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[29]
Democratic Republic of the Congo
On 10 March, the first case was reported in the country.[30]
Republic of the Congo
The country's first case was announced on 14 March, a 50-year-old man who had returned to the Republic of the Congo from Paris, France.[31]
Djibouti
On 18 March, the first case in Djibouti was confirmed.[9]
Egypt
Egypt's health ministry announced the first case in the country at Cairo International Airport involving a Chinese national on 14 February.[32][33]
On 6 March, the Egyptian Health Ministry and WHO confirmed 12 new cases of coronavirus infection.[34] The infected persons were among the Egyptian staff aboard the Nile cruise ship MS River Anuket, which was travelling from Aswan to Luxor. On 7 March 2020, health authorities announced that 45 people on board had tested positive, and that the ship had been placed in quarantine at a dock in Luxor.[35]
Equatorial Guinea
On 14 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[36]
Eritrea
On 20 March, the first case in Eritrea was confirmed.[37]
Eswatini
On 14 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[38]
Ethiopia
The country's first case was announced on 13 March, a Japanese man who had arrived in the country on 4 March from Burkina Faso.[39] Three additional cases of the virus were reported on March 15. The three individuals had close contact with the person who was reported to be infected by the virus on 13 March . Since then eight more confirmed cases were reported by the health ministry to the public, bringing the total to twelve. Among the infected individuals an elderly Ethiopian in her eighties has been said to have some escalating symptoms while other eight have been on a recovery route and showing less and less symptoms of the disease. On March 27, another statement was issued by the health minister stating that four additional cases have been identified while one case being in the Oromia regional state's capital and the other three being in Addis Ababa. Sixteen cases are confirmed so far.[40]
Territories of France
Mayotte
Réunion
Gabon
The country's first case was announced on 12 March, a 27 year old Gabonese man who returned to Gabon from France, 4 days prior to confirmation of the coronavirus. they are really working on preventing more Corona virus case in the country[41]
Gambia
The Gambia reported its first case of coronavirus from a 20-year-old woman who returned from the United Kingdom on 17 March.[42]
Ghana
Ghana reported its first two cases on 12 March. The two cases were people who came back to the country from Norway and Turkey, with the contact tracing process beginning.[43][44]
On 11 March, the Minister of Finance, Ken Ofori-Atta, made the cedi equivalent of $100 million available to enhance Ghana's coronavirus preparedness and response plan. Five more cases were confirmed as of 17 March. On 19 March, the Health Minister on his Twitter page tweeted that two more cases were confirmed overnight, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to nine (9) as at 9:00GMT. The health minister said the two cases were both imported. In the afternoon, the confirmed cases increased from 9 to 11 after a test of a 58-year-old Ghanaian woman who is a resident of Kumasi had returned from UK some weeks ago, and another patient, a 61-year-old Lebanese and a resident of Kumasi, showed symptoms of the novel coronavirus and was also tested positive. By 20 March, Ghana had recorded 5 new COVID 19 cases, of which 3 showed no travel history, while the other 2 returned from Paris, France and Amsterdam, moving the total of confirmed cases to 16.Vorlage:Citation needed
Guinea
On 13 March, Guinea confirmed its first case, an employee of the European Union delegation in Guinea.[45]
Guinea-Bissau
On 25 March, Guinea-Bissau confirmed its first two COVID-19 cases, a Congolese U.N. employee and an Indian citizen.[46]
Ivory Coast
On 11 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[47]
Kenya
On 12 March 2020, the first case was confirmed in Kenya by President Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta.[48]
On 13 March, the first case in Kenya was confirmed, a woman who came from the US via London.[49]
On 15 March 2020, President Uhuru Kenyatta directed that the following measures to curb COVID-19 be implemented:
- Travel from any countries with any case of Corona virus be restricted.
- Only Kenyan Citizens, and any foreigners with valid residence permits will be allowed to come into the country provided they proceed on self quarantine or to a government designated quarantine facility.
- All schools and higher learning institutions be closed by Friday March 20, 2020.
- Government and businesses people start working from home; except essential services.
- cashless transactions over cash. Cost of transactions reduced.
- No congressional meetings – weddings, malls, night clubs, churches, limitation of visits to hospitals.
- Hospitals and Shopping malls to give soap and water/hand sanitizers, and regular cleaning of facilities.
- Cargo vessels, aircraft or ships can come into the country provided they are disinfected at point of departure and the crew quarantined on arrival.
- UN Headquarters in Kenya continue operating diplomats travelling to the UN are also exempted from the travel restrictions but observe the self-quarantine rule.
- The public to use the toll free number 719 to report a Corona virus case.[48]
The Health Minister, Mutahi Kagwe banned all social gatherings including religious gatherings on the same date.All flights were banned effective Wednesday 25 March by the Health CS.Vorlage:Citation needed
Liberia
On 16 March, the first case in Liberia was confirmed.[50][51]
Libya
On 17 March, in order to prevent the spread of the virus, the UN-recognised Government of National Accord closed the country's borders, suspended flights for three weeks and banned foreign nationals from entering the country; schools, cafes, mosques and public gatherings have also been closed.[52]
On 24 March, the first case in Libya was confirmed.[53]
Madagascar
On 20 March, the three first cases were confirmed in Madagascar. All were women.[54]
Mali
On 25 March, the two first cases were confirmed in Mali.[55]
Mauritania
On 13 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[56]
Mauritius
On 19 March, the first three cases in the country were confirmed.[57]
Morocco
On 2 March, Morocco recorded its first case of COVID-19. It was a Moroccan national residing in Italy who had returned to Morocco.[58]
Mozambique
Namibia
On 14 March, the first two cases in the country were confirmed.[59] In a first reaction by government air travel to and from Qatar, Ethiopia and Germany was suspended for 30 days. All public and private schools are also closed for a month, and gatherings are restricted to fewer than 50 people. This includes celebrations for the 30th anniversary of Namibian independence that takes place on 21 March.[60] Libraries, museums, and art galleries were also closed.[61]
On 17 March, President Hage Geingob declared a state of emergency as a legal basis to restrict fundamental rights, e.g. to freely move and assemble, guaranteed by the Constitution.[62]
By 25 March 2020 the total number of cases reached seven, of which one is thought to be a local transmission. A 21-day lockdown of the regions of Erongo and Khomas was announced for 27 March with inter-regional travel forbidden, excluding the commuter towns of Okahandja and Rehoboth. Parliament sessions were suspended for the same period, and bars and markets were closed.[13]
Niger
Niger confirmed its first case on 19 March 2020.[63]
Nigeria
On 27 February, Nigeria confirmed its first case, the first case of coronavirus in sub-Saharan Africa.[64][65] An Italian citizen who works in Nigeria had returned on 25 February from Milan, Italy through the Murtala Muhammed International Airport, fell ill on 26 February and was transferred to Lagos State Biosecurity Facilities for isolation and testing.[66][67][68] The test was confirmed positive by the Virology Laboratory of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, part of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control.[69] He was transferred to the Infectious Disease Hospital in Yaba, Lagos.[68] On 28 February, the Lagos State Commissioner for Health announced that the Italian man had travelled on Turkish Airlines with a brief transit at Istanbul.[70] As of 6 March, a total of 219 primary and secondary contacts of the index case had been identified and were being actively monitored.[71]
Chloroquine poisoning
An official of Nigeria's Lagos State government has disclosed that hospitals are receiving patients suffering from chloroquine poisoning where people living in Lagos are overusing the drug as a preventive measure to coronavirus. The excessive usage of chloroquine now endangers lives in Lagos State, Nigeria.[72]
Oreoluwa Finnih, a Senior Special Assistant to Lagos governor has thus urged the public to desist from using the anti-malaria drug as a measure of preventing coronavirus infection. In Nigeria reports indicate that the drug's price has been hiked since the news broke. Chloroquine has been gaining traction on social media since some news agencies reported it had been approved for the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria
On 21 March 2020, ten (10) new cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria were confirmed by the Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria. It was reported that three (3) new cases in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and seven (7) new cases in Lagos State. This brings the total number of confirmed cases in Nigeria to twenty-two (22).[73]
All ten (10) new cases are Nigerian nationals. Nine (9) of them have travel history to the United Kingdom, Spain, Netherlands, Canada and France. They returned to the country in the last one week. The tenth case is a close contact of a previously confirmed case. Meanwhile, on the 18 March 2020, the Federal Republic of Nigeria suspended the issuance of visa on arrival to travelers from countries with more than 1,000 cases.[74] The restriction notice was issued three (3) days before the number of cases of COVID-19 raised to ten (10). The restricted countries include China, Italy, Iran, South Korea, Spain, Japan, France, Germany, the United States, Norway, UK, Netherlands and Switzerland.
Lock-down measures
The Federal government of Nigeria has instructed institutions to shutdown for 30 days as a lock-down measures and bans to limit the spread of COVID-19. It also banned public gatherings. The state government of Lagos has asked schools to shutdown and banned public gatherings of more than 50 people, particularly religious congregations.[75][76] There was no order from government to shutdown markets and club halls.Vorlage:Citation needed
Several schools in Nigeria has shutdown, following the directives of the federal government at Abuja. This led the Management of one of the most populated school in Nigeria, the Federal Polytechnic Nekede, Owerri to dismiss students against COVID-19, stating that the emergency holiday will last for 30 days. The institution had already fixed the dates for the 2019/2020 academic session examination.[77]
There is much tension in every city in Nigeria as students return to their various homes for fear of contracting COVID-19.
High profiled persons with COVID-19
Reports have shown that some high profiled individuals in Nigeria have tested positive for Coronavirus. The Nigeria's high profiled persons hat have tested positive for COVID-19 are: Buhari's chief of staff, Abba Kyari,[78][79] Bauchi State governor, Bala Muhammed.[80]
As Muhammadu Buhari's closest staff, Nigerians suspected that president would have the virus as his chief of staff tested positive. Meanwhile, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) reported that president Buhari tested negative after the test was carried out on him.[81]
In Nigeria, there are fears everywhere that the Chief of Staff, Abba Kyari who has tested positive for the coronavirus virus may have transmitted it to more people including Governor Yahaya Bello of Kogi, Minister of Information, Lai Mohammed, Special Assistant to the President on Media, Garba Shehu; Minister of Special Duties, George Akume; Minister of State for FCT, Ramatu Tijani; Geoffrey Onyeama, and other dignitaries and visitors at the prayers held on March 17, 2020 for the deceased mother of the Kogi State Governor.[79]
The governor of Kogi State, Yahaya Bello was tested positive for Coronavirus. Others from the list who met with Abba Kyari are still under examination to be ascertained if they are negative or positive to the virus.[82]
Rwanda
On 14 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[83]
Senegal
On 2 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[84]
Seychelles
Seychelles reported its first two cases on 14 March. The two cases were people who were in contact with someone in Italy who tested positive.[85]
Sierra Leone
On 16 March the government banned public officials from travelling abroad, and urged citizens to avoid foreign travel.[86][87] Quarantine measures are in place for all visitors arriving from countries with more than 50 cases.[86] Public gatherings of more than 100 people have also been banned.[86] On 24 March President Julius Maada Bio announced a year-long 'state of emergency' in order to deal with a potential outbreak.[88]
The president of Sierra Leone confirmed the country's first case of coronavirus on 31 March, a person who traveled from France on 16 March and had been in isolation since.[89]
Spain (Canary Islands)
Somalia
On 16 March, the first case in Somalia was confirmed.[51] Somalia's Health Ministry reported that a Somali citizen was returning home from China.[90]
South Africa
On 5 March the first confirmed case was announced, returning from Italy[91] On 15 March 2020, South Africa declared a national state of disaster.[51] On 23 March 2020, President Cyril Ramaphosa issued a national lockdown lasting 21 days from 26 March 2020.[92]
Sudan
The country's first case was announced on 13 March, a man who died in Khartoum on 12 March. He had visited the United Arab Emirates in the first week of March., later it was revealed that the man died because of malaria not Covid-19.[93]
Tanzania
On 16 March, the first case was confirmed.[51]
Togo
On 6 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[94]
Tunisia
On 2 March, the first case in the country was confirmed.[95][96]
As of 28 March, Tunisia currently has 227 confirmed cases.
Uganda
On 20 March, the first case in Uganda was confirmed.[37][97]
Zambia
Zambia reported its first 2 cases of COVID-19 on 18 March. The patients were a couple that had travelled to France on holiday.[98] A third case was recorded on 22 March. The patient was a man who had travelled to Pakistan.[99]
On March 25, President Edgar Lungu confirmed a total of 12 cases during a live national address. He also announced measures which includes suspension of international flights Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe, Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula and Mfuwe International Airports and re-routing of all international flights to Kenneth Kaunda International Airport to facilitate screening of incoming passengers and mandatory quarantine where necessary, closure of all bars, nightclubs, casinos, cinemas and gyms and restriction of all public gatherings to 50 people or less.[100]
As of 17 March, the government has shut all educational institutions and put in place some restrictions on foreign travel.[101]
Zimbabwe
Before there were any confirmed cases in the country, President Emmerson Mnangagwa had declared a national emergency, putting in place travel restrictions and banning large gatherings.[102][103] The country's defence minister Oppah Muchinguri caused controversy by stating the coronavirus could be a divine punishment on Western nations for imposing sanctions on Zimbabwe.[104]
Its first case came from a male resident of Victoria Falls who travelled from the United Kingdom via South Africa on 15 March. As of 27 March there are 7 confirmed cases in Zimbabwe and 1 death.
Suspected cases
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
On 16 March three people who arrived by air to Ascension Island showed symptoms of COVID-19.[105] There is no test equipment on the island but these are isolated at home for 14 days.Vorlage:Citation needed
On 17 March all travel by air to the Saint Helena island was banned, except for island citizens or residents and similar cases.[106] There were no known cases on Saint Helena at this time.[107]
On 16 March as a precaution the Tristan da Cunha Island Council on Tristan da Cunha made the decision to ban visitors to the island to prevent the potential transmission of the disease to islanders.[108]
Prevention in other countries
Comoros
As of 27 March there have been no reported cases in Comoros. In order to prevent the spread of the virus, the government has cancelled all incoming flights and banned large gatherings.[109]
Lesotho
As of 27 March there have been no reported cases in Lesotho, but the country doesn't have the ability to test for the virus.[110] In order to prevent the spread of the virus the government has closed its border with South Africa.[111] On March 18, the government declared a national emergency despite having no confirmed cases, and closed schools until April 17 (but allowed school meals to continue). Arriving travelers were to be quarantined for 14 days upon arrival.[110] Prime Minister Thomas Thabane announced a three-week lock down, commencing from midnight 29 March.[112]
Malawi
On 20 March, President Peter Mutharika has declared the coronavirus pandemic a national disaster despite no reported cases. As a preventative measure, he issued a directive that public gatherings should be restricted to less than 100 people. He added that public and private institutions namely schools, colleges and universities should be closed by 23 March. Foreign nationals coming from countries that are deemed high risk have been banned from entering the country except those coming from SADC countries.[113]
As part of its measures for preventing the coronavirus hitting the country, the Malawi Government has suspended the issuing of visas on arrival to visitors. The Malawi Government further stated that visas which were issued prior to 20 March 2020 have been duly cancelled.[114]
São Tomé and Príncipe
As of 27 March there have been no reported cases in São Tomé and Príncipe. In order to prevent the spread of the virus, the government has put in place various travel restrictions and quarantining measures.[115]
South Sudan
As of 27 March there have been no reported cases in South Sudan. On 16 March President Salva Kiir announced a temporary ban on all social and other large gatherings, restrictions on foreign travel, and a 14-day quarantine for all visitors entering the country.[116][117] From 24 March all international flights have been temporarily suspended and the country's land borders closed.[118] A night-time curfew is also currently in place.[119]
See also
- 412 BC epidemic
- Antonine Plague
- Black Death
- 1899–1923 cholera pandemic
- 1918 Spanish flu pandemic
- HIV/AIDS in Africa
- 2008 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak
- 2009–2010 West African meningitis outbreak
- 2012 yellow fever outbreak in Darfur, Sudan
- 2013-16 Western African Ebola virus epidemic
- 21st century Madagascar plague outbreaks
- 2016 Angola and DR Congo yellow fever outbreak
- 2018 Kivu Ebola epidemic
- 2019–2020 measles outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
References
Vorlage:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic
- ↑ Beijing orders 14-day quarantine for all returnees In: BBC News, 15 February 2020. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ Egypt announces first Coronavirus infection In: Egypt Today. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ Nigeria confirms first coronavirus case In: BBC News, 28 February 2020. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ a b Ruth Maclean: Africa Braces for Coronavirus, but Slowly In: The New York Times, 17 March 2020. Abgerufen im 25 March 2020
- ↑ a b c d African Countries Respond Quickly To Spread Of COVID-19 In: NPR.org. Abgerufen im 23 March 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ a b Here are the African countries with confirmed coronavirus cases In: CNN. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ UN Sees Africa Sliding Into Recession Without Debt-Service Help In: Bloomberg.com, 24 March 2020. Abgerufen im 25 March 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ COVID-19 South African coronavirus news and information portal. In: SA Corona Virus Online Portal. Abgerufen am 31. März 2020 (en-za).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Referenzfehler: Ungültiges
<ref>-Tag; kein Text angegeben für Einzelnachweis mit dem Namen coronacount. - ↑ Covid19 | Coronavirus Mauritius. In: covid19. Abgerufen am 29. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ NCDC Covid-19 Page. In: Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. Abgerufen am 30. März 2020.
- ↑ Charmaine Katjiheue: Update: Namibia confirms 11 Covid-19 infections In: The Namibian, 28 March 2020
- ↑ a b Arlana Shikongo: Partial lockdown in effect from Friday In: The Namibian, 25 March 2020, S. 1
- ↑ Algeria confirms two more coronavirus cases. 2. März 2020, abgerufen am 2. März 2020.
- ↑ Algeria reports two new coronavirus cases, bringing the total to five In: Reuters, 2 March 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ ارتفاع عدد الإصابات المؤكدة بفيروس كورونا إلى 12 حالة. In: النهار أونلاين. 4. März 2020, abgerufen am 4. März 2020 (arabisch).
- ↑ Angola registered its first coronavirus case In: Informanté, 19 March 2020
- ↑ Yokani Oliveira: Angola closes borders for 15 days In: The Namibian, 19 March 2020
- ↑ Somalia, Liberia, Benin and Tanzania confirm first coronavirus cases. In: Reuters. 16. März 2020, abgerufen am 16. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Botswana registers first Covid-19 cases as three people test positive. In: www.iol.co.za. 31. März 2020, abgerufen am 31. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Burkina Faso Confirms First Cases of Coronavirus. 9. März 2020, abgerufen am 9. März 2020.
- ↑ Coronavirus: un troisième cas confirmé au Burkina Faso. In: VOA. Abgerufen am 15. März 2020 (französisch).
- ↑ Rédaction B24: Coronavirus (COVID-19) : 7 cas confirmés au Burkina. In: L'Actualité du Burkina Faso 24h/24. 14. März 2020, abgerufen am 14. März 2020 (fr-fr).
- ↑ East African nation of Burundi confirms first coronavirus cases - Health Ministry In: Reuters, 31. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Reuters: Cameroon Confirms First Case of Coronavirus In: The New York Times, 6 March 2020
- ↑ Cape Verde registers an Adverse Analytical Finding of First COVID-19, 20 March 2020. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020 (english).
- ↑ Coronavírus: Inglês de 62 anos é o primeiro caso confirmado em Cabo Verde, 20 March 2020 (portuguese).
- ↑ Central African Republic confirms first coronavirus case -WHO. In: Reuters. 14. März 2020, abgerufen am 15. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Reuters: Chad confirms first case of coronavirus: government statement, 19 March 2020
- ↑ P. M. N. Health: Democratic Republic of Congo confirms first coronavirus case | National Post. 10. März 2020, abgerufen am 10. März 2020 (kanadisches Englisch).
- ↑ Congo Republic confirms first coronavirus case -government. 15. März 2020.
- ↑ Egypt announces first Coronavirus infection. In: Egypt Today. 14. Februar 2020, abgerufen am 14. Februar 2020.
- ↑ Beijing orders 14-day quarantine for all returnees. BBC News, 14. Februar 2020, abgerufen am 14. Februar 2020.
- ↑ Twelve asymptomatic coronavirus cases registered on Nile cruise ship In: Reuters, 6 March 2020. Abgerufen im 7 March 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Maggie Michael, Samy Magdy | AP: Egypt says cruise ship quarantined over new virus cluster. In: Washington Post. Abgerufen am 8. März 2020.
- ↑ Equatorial Guinea announces first coronavirus case In: Deccan Herald, 14 March 2020. Abgerufen im 15 March 2020
- ↑ a b P. M. N. Health: Angola, Eritrea, Uganda confirm first cases as coronavirus spreads in Africa | National Post. 21. März 2020, abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Eswatini in Southern Africa reports first coronavirus case.
- ↑ Ethiopia confirms first coronavirus case: Live updates. In: aljazeera.com. Abgerufen am 13. März 2020.
- ↑ Coronavirus: 3 New Cases Identified in Ethiopia. In: ethiopianmonitor.com. Abgerufen am 15. März 2020.
- ↑ P. M. N. Health: Ghana, Gabon confirm first cases of coronavirus | National Post. 13. März 2020, abgerufen am 13. März 2020 (kanadisches Englisch).
- ↑ P. M. N. Health: Gambia reports first case of coronavirus -health minister| National Post. 17. März 2020, abgerufen am 18. März 2020 (kanadisches Englisch).
- ↑ Ghana, Gabon confirm first cases of coronavirus In: Reuters, 13. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Kwame Acheampong: Ghana confirms two Coronavirus cases. Starr Fm, abgerufen am 13. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ EU Employee Tests Positive for Coronavirus in Guinea's First Case
- ↑ Guinea-Bissau confirms first two cases of coronavirus. In: Reuters. 25. März 2020, abgerufen am 25. März 2020.
- ↑ Ivory Coast confirms first case of coronavirus. In: Daily Sabah. Abgerufen am 11. März 2020.
- ↑ a b Kenya coronavirus cases rise to four, CS health – MINISTRY OF HEALTH. Abgerufen am 25. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ By ELIZABETH MERAB More by this Author: Kenya confirms first coronavirus case - VIDEO - Daily Nation. Nation.co.ke, abgerufen am 14. März 2020.
- ↑ Liberia Records First Case of Coronavirus; Health Authorities Hold Emergency Meeting. In: FrontPage Africa. 16. März 2020, abgerufen am 16. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ a b c d Jason Burke: African nations impose stricter measures as coronavirus spreads In: The Guardian, 16. März 2020 (britisches Englisch).
- ↑ Libyan gov't suspends flights in wake of COVID-19. In: Anadolu Agency. 16. März 2020, abgerufen am 17. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ Libya confirms first coronavirus case amid fear over readiness In: Reuters, 24 March 2020
- ↑ Officiel trois premiers cas de Coronavirus à Madagascar In: Orange Madagascar, 20 March 2020
- ↑ Mali: Authorities confirm first COVID-19 cases March 25 /update 2 In: www.garda.com, 25. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Mauritania confirms first coronavirus case.
- ↑ Mauritius confirms first three cases of coronavirus. In: Reuters. 19. März 2020, abgerufen am 19. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Safaa Kasraoui: Morocco Records First Case of Coronavirus. 2. März 2020, abgerufen am 6. März 2020.
- ↑ Namibia Says Couple Visiting From Spain Test Positive for Virus. In: Bloomberg. 14. März 2020, abgerufen am 14. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Arlana Shikongo: Namibia battles coronavirus In: The Namibian, 16 March 2020, S. 1
- ↑ Albertina Nakale: Corona mayhem In: New Era, 16 March 2020, S. 1
- ↑ Charmaine Ngatjiheue: Govt raises Covid-19 surveillance In: The Namibian, 18 March 2020, S. 1
- ↑ Niger announces first coronavirus case. In: medicalxpress.com. Abgerufen am 20. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ Nigeria confirms first coronavirus case In: BBC News, 28 February 2020. Abgerufen im 6 March 2020
- ↑ Jason Burke Africa correspondent, Alison Rourke: Nigeria confirms first coronavirus case in sub-Saharan Africa In: The Guardian, 28 February 2020. Abgerufen im 6 March 2020
- ↑ Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. In: ncdc.gov.ng. Abgerufen am 8. März 2020.
- ↑ Nigeria confirms first coronavirus case. In: BBC News. 28. Februar 2020, abgerufen am 8. März 2020 (britisches Englisch).
- ↑ a b Breaking: Deadly Coronavirus confirmed in Lagos, Nigeria at last. 25. Februar 2020, abgerufen am 28. Februar 2020.
- ↑ Mustapha JO, Adedokun KA, Abdullahi IN.: Public health preparedness towards COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria. In: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2020;13. Jahrgang (apjtm.org).
- ↑ Nigeria's first coronavirus case came on flight via Istanbul, went to Ogun state: Lagos health commission In: Reuters, 28 February 2020. Abgerufen im 29 February 2020
- ↑ NCDC Situation Report 6 March 2019. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Chloroquine Poisoning in Lagos. Abgerufen im 20 March 2020
- ↑ New Cases of COVID-19 Confirmed in Nigeria. Abgerufen im 21 March 2020
- ↑ Nigeria Bans Entry to 13 Countries Highly Invaded by COVID-19. Abgerufen im 18 March 2020
- ↑ Nigerian Government Places Lock-down Measures Against COVID-19. Abgerufen im 19 March 2020
- ↑ COVID-19: Federal Government Orders Immediate Shutdown of Schools. Abgerufen im 20 March 2020
- ↑ Federal Polytechnic Nekede Dismissed Students Over COVID-19. Abgerufen im 21 March 2020
- ↑ Buhari's Chief of Staff, Abba Kyari tests Positive for Coronavirus. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ a b President Tests Negative, Chief of Staff Infected. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ Bala Mohammed, Bauchi Governor, Pests Positive for Coronavirus. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ COVID-19: Buhari Tests Negative. Abgerufen im 24 March 2020
- ↑ Yahaya Bello Tests Positive for Coronavirus. Abgerufen im 25 March 2020
- ↑ Rwanda confirms first case of coronavirus - health ministry. In: Reuters. 14. März 2020, abgerufen am 14. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Coronavirus : Le Sénégal enregistre son premier cas | Lequotidien Journal d'informations Générales. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Betyme Bonnelame: 2 Seychellois test positive for COVID-19 as globe-sweeping virus reaches island nation, Seychelles News Agency, 14 March 2020
- ↑ a b c Sierra Leone institutes additional measures in preparedness to prevent and respond to COVID-19 In: Relief Web, 18 March 2020. Abgerufen am 18. März 2020
- ↑ Sierra Leone introduces a raft of measures to keep coronavirus out In: Politico SL, 18 March 2020. Abgerufen am 18. März 2020
- ↑ Sierra Leone announces year-long state of emergency despite no confirmed coronavirus In: RFI, 25 March 2020. Abgerufen im 26 March 2020
- ↑ Sierra Leone has confirmed its first case of coronavirus, president says In: Reuters, 31 March 2020. Abgerufen am 31. März 2020
- ↑ Somalia, Tanzania confirm first coronavirus cases In: Anadolu Agency, 16 March 2020. Abgerufen im 17 March 2020
- ↑ Minister Zweli Mkhize reports first case of Covid-19 Coronavirus. South African Ministry of Health, 5. März 2020, abgerufen am 6. März 2020.
- ↑ Jason Burke: Coronavirus cases in Africa pass 2,400 amid fears for health services In: The Guardian, 25. März 2020 (britisches Englisch).
- ↑ Reuters: Sudan Reports First Coronavirus Case In: The New York Times, 13 March 2020. Abgerufen am 13. März 2020
- ↑ Archived copy. Abgerufen am 6. März 2020.
- ↑ Italian returnee confirmed Tunisia's first coronavirus case. Abgerufen am 6. März 2020.
- ↑ Gafsa-COVID-19: legal action taken after two cases fail to comply with home-confinement measures. In: TAP.
- ↑ Twitter. In: mobile.twitter.com. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Zambia Confirms 2 Covid-19 cases In: News Diggers, 18 March 2020. Abgerufen am 18. März 2020
- ↑ Zambia confirms third coronavirus case In: News Diggers, 22 March 2020. Abgerufen am 22. März 2020
- ↑ Lungu's full address: Zambia confirms 12 COVID-19 cases as lock down looms In: News Diggers, 25 March 2020. Abgerufen am 25. März 2020
- ↑ Government shuts all schools to prevent COVID-19 outbreak In: News Diggers, 17 March 2020. Abgerufen am 17. März 2020
- ↑ Zimbabwe, Namibia Declare National Emergencies Over Virus In: Bloomberg, 17 March 2020. Abgerufen am 17. März 2020
- ↑ Zimbabwe's President declares COVID-19 a national disaster In: Xinhua, 17 March 2020. Abgerufen am 17. März 2020
- ↑ Zimbabwe, Namibia Declare National Emergencies Over Virus In: GulfNews, 15 March 2020. Abgerufen am 17. März 2020
- ↑ Three Possible COVID-19 Cases Identified – Ascension Island Government. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Travel Restrictions in response to the COVID -19 virus. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Coronavirus (Covid-19): Live Q&A. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ Richard Grundy: Tristan da Cunha Government News: Island Council takes steps to protect island from coronavirus In: www.tristandc.com, 16 March 2020. Abgerufen im 25 March 2020
- ↑ Coronavirus - Comoros travel advice. In: GOV.UK. Abgerufen am 26. März 2020.
- ↑ a b Nthakoana Ngatane: Lesotho declares national emergency over COVID-19 outbreak. In: ewn.co.za. Abgerufen am 19. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Covid-19: Lesotho seals borders amid infection fears while SA tourism suffers. In: IOL. 13. März 2020, abgerufen am 16. März 2020 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ Covid-19: Lesotho seals borders amid infection fears while SA tourism suffers. In: Sowetan Live. 26. März 2020, abgerufen am 26. März 2020 (englisch).
- ↑ Mutharika lays out Malawi "response plan" on Coronavirus:Bans gatherings of 100 people. schools closing, Nyasa Times, 20 March 2020. Abgerufen im 21 March 2020
- ↑ Malawi suspends visa-on-arrival status amid coronavirus fears, Nyasa Times, 25 March 2020. Abgerufen im 26 March 2020
- ↑ Health - Sao Tome & Principe travel advice. In: GOV.UK. Abgerufen am 27. März 2020.
- ↑ AA: Coronavirus: South Sudan bans social gatherings In: Anadolu Agency, 16 March 2020. Abgerufen am 17. März 2020
- ↑ South Sudan Ministers Announce Travel Ban to Stop Coronavirus Spread In: Anadolu Agency, 17 March 2020. Abgerufen am 17. März 2020
- ↑ Health - South Sudan travel advice. In: GOV.UK. Abgerufen am 27. März 2020.
- ↑ South Sudan imposes curfew amid COVID-19 pandemic In: The Financial Express, 26 March 2020. Abgerufen am 27. März 2020