Python的歷史
外观
Python史(Python之歷史;History of Python);編程語言Python是在1980年代後期所構思出來的,[1]並於1989年12月[2]由荷蘭CWI的吉多·范羅蘇姆開始進行編程創建。Python作為ABC的繼承者,要能夠處理異常的情況;並與阿米巴作業系統(Amoeba)交互運作。[3]范羅蘇姆是Python的主要編程者,他在決定Python發展方向等方面的持續核心作用扮演著重要角色、這些分量都反映在Python社區給他的頭銜中;即是所謂的終身仁慈獨裁者。[4][5] (不過,范羅蘇姆於2018年7月12日卸任Python研發的領導者[6])。 Python一詞是以BBC電視節目蒙提·派森的飛行馬戲團之名名之。[7]
Python 2.0版於2000年10月16日發布的,具有許多主要的新特性,包括用於記憶體管理的循環檢測垃圾回收器(除了引用計數之外)以及對Unicode的支援。不過,Python最重要的變化是開發過程的本身,具有轉向更加透明、以及Python社區技術支援的强大背景。[8]
Python 3.0版是一個主要的"向後不兼容"(backwards-incompatible)版本,經過長時間的測試之後,於2008年12月3日[9]發布。Python 3.0的許多主要功能也被向後移植到"向後兼容"(backwards-compatible)的Python 2.6以及2.7,儘管這種Python 3.0的"向後移植"方法目前不怎麽受支持。[10]
版本列表
各階段之版本
編號版本之前的版本:
版本 | 最新微版本 | 發布日期 | 完全支援結束 | 安全修復結束 |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.9 | 0.9.9[2] | 1991-02-20[2] | 1993-07-29[a][2] | |
1.0 | 1.0.4[2] | 1994-01-26[2] | 1994-02-15[a][2] | |
1.1 | 1.1.1[2] | 1994-10-11[2] | 1994-11-10[a][2] | |
1.2 | 1995-04-13[2] | Unsupported | ||
1.3 | 1995-10-13[2] | Unsupported | ||
1.4 | 1996-10-25[2] | Unsupported | ||
1.5 | 1.5.2[11] | 1998-01-03[2] | 1999-04-13[a][2] | |
1.6 | 1.6.1[11] | 2000-09-05[12] | 2000-09[a][11] | |
2.0 | 2.0.1[13] | 2000-10-16[14] | 2001-06-22[a][13] | |
2.1 | 2.1.3[13] | 2001-04-15[15] | 2002-04-09[a][13] | |
2.2 | 2.2.3[13] | 2001-12-21[16] | 2003-05-30[a][13] | |
2.3 | 2.3.7[13] | 2003-06-29[17] | 2008-03-11[a][13] | |
2.4 | 2.4.6[13] | 2004-11-30[18] | 2008-12-19[a][13] | |
2.5 | 2.5.6[13] | 2006-09-19[19] | 2011-05-26[a][13] | |
2.6 | 2.6.9[20] | 2008-10-01[20] | 2010-08-24[b][20] | 2013-10-29[20] |
2.7 | 2.7.18[21] | 2010-07-03[21] | 2020-01-01[c][21] | |
3.0 | 3.0.1[13] | 2008-12-03[20] | 2009-06-27[22] | |
3.1 | 3.1.5[23] | 2009-06-27[23] | 2011-06-12[24] | 2012-04-06[23] |
3.2 | 3.2.6[25] | 2011-02-20[25] | 2013-05-13[b][25] | 2016-02-20[25] |
3.3 | 3.3.7[26] | 2012-09-29[26] | 2014-03-08[b][26] | 2017-09-29[26] |
3.4 | 3.4.10[27] | 2014-03-16[27] | 2017-08-09[28] | 2019-03-18[a][27] |
3.5 | 3.5.10[29] | 2015-09-13[29] | 2017-08-08[30] | 2020-09-30[29] |
3.6 | 3.6.15[31] | 2016-12-23[31] | 2018-12-24[b][31] | 2021-12-23[32][31] |
需要更新] | 3.7[3.7.12[33] | 2018-06-27[33] | 2020-06-27[b][33] | 2023-06-27[33][需要更新] |
需要更新] | 3.8[3.8.12[34] | 2019-10-14[34] | 2021-05-03[34] | 2024-10[34][需要更新] |
3.9 | 3.9.10[35] | 2020-10-05[36] | 2022-05[37][需要更新] | 2025-10[36][37] |
3.10 | 3.10.2[38] | 2021-10-04[38] | 2023-05[38][需要更新] | 2026-10[38] |
3.11 | 3.11.0a2[35] | 2022-10-03[39][需要更新] | 2024-05[39][需要更新] | 2027-10[39] |
3.12 | [需要更新] | 2023-10[37][需要更新] | 2025-05[37] | 2028-10[37] |
Legend: | 舊版本 舊版本,仍被支援 当前版本 最新的预览版 未来版本 | |||
Italics indicates the latest micro version of currently supported versions as of 2021-11-06. |
表註:
- ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Date of last micro release.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Date of last non security only release.
- ^ Official support ended on 2020-01-01, but a final release of the code as it appeared on 2020-01-01 was released on 2020-04-20 as version 2.7.18.[21]
支援

註釋
- ^ The Making of Python. Artima Developer. [March 22, 2007].
- ^ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 van Rossum, Guido. A Brief Timeline of Python. 2009-01-20 [2019-11-29].
- ^ Why was Python created in the first place?. Python FAQ. [March 22, 2007].
- ^ van Rossum, Guido. Origin of BDFL. July 31, 2008 [August 1, 2008].
- ^ Python Creator Scripts Inside Google. www.eweek.com. March 7, 2006 [May 13, 2008].
- ^ Fairchild, Carlie. Guido van Rossum Stepping Down from Role as Python's Benevolent Dictator For Life. Linux Journal. July 12, 2018 [July 12, 2018] (英语).
- ^ General Python FAQ — Python 3.8.3 documentation. docs.python.org.
- ^ Kuchling, Andrew M.; Zadka, Moshe. What's New in Python 2.0. [March 22, 2007]. (原始内容存档于December 14, 2009).
- ^ Welcome to Python.org. python.org. [December 27, 2016].
- ^ van Rossum, Guido. PEP 3000 -- Python 3000. 2006-04-05 [December 27, 2016].
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Releases | Python.org. [2019-11-29].
- ^ Drake, Fred L., Jr. PEP 160 -- Python 1.6 Release Schedule. 2000-07-25 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 Download Python | Python.org. [2019-11-29].
- ^ Hylton, Jeremy. PEP 200 -- Python 2.0 Release Schedule. [2019-11-29].
- ^ Hylton, Jeremy. PEP 226 -- Python 2.1 Release Schedule. 2000-10-16 [2019-11-29].
- ^ Warsaw, Barry; van Rossum, Guido. PEP 251 -- Python 2.2 Release Schedule. 2001-04-17 [2019-11-29].
- ^ van Rossum, Guido. PEP 283 -- Python 2.3 Release Schedule. 2002-02-27 [2019-11-29].
- ^ Warsaw, Barry; Hettinger, Raymond; Baxter, Anthony. PEP 320 -- Python 2.4 Release Schedule. 2003-07-29 [2019-11-29].
- ^ Norwitz, Neal; van Rossum, Guido; Baxter, Anthony. PEP 356 -- Python 2.5 Release Schedule. 2006-02-07 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 Norwitz, Neal; Warsaw, Barry. PEP 361 -- Python 2.6 and 3.0 Release Schedule. 2006-06-29 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Peterson, Benjamin. PEP 373 -- Python 2.7 Release Schedule. 2008-11-03 [2020-04-20].
- ^ 17. Development Cycle — Python Developer's Guide. [2019-11-29].
- ^ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Peterson, Benjamin. PEP 375 -- Python 3.1 Release Schedule. 2009-02-08 [2019-11-29].
- ^ Peterson, Benjamin. [RELEASED] Python 3.1.4. python-announce (邮件列表). 2011-06-12 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 Brandl, Georg. PEP 392 -- Python 3.2 Release Schedule. 2009-12-30 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 Brandl, Georg. PEP 398 -- Python 3.3 Release Schedule. 2011-03-23 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Hastings, Larry. PEP 429 -- Python 3.4 Release Schedule. 2012-10-17 [2019-11-29].
- ^ Hastings, Larry. [RELEASED] Python 3.4.7 is now available. python-announce (邮件列表). 2017-08-09 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Hastings, Larry. PEP 478 -- Python 3.5 Release Schedule. 2014-09-22 [2020-03-17].
- ^ Hastings, Larry. [RELEASED] Python 3.5.4 is now available. python-announce (邮件列表). 2017-08-08 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 Deily, Ned. PEP 494 -- Python 3.6 Release Schedule. 2015-05-30 [2021-07-15].
- ^ PEP 494 -- Python 3.6 Release Schedule. Python Developer's Guide. Python Foundation. [20 December 2021].
- ^ 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 Deily, Ned. PEP 537 -- Python 3.7 Release Schedule. 2016-12-23 [2021-07-15].
- ^ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 Langa, Łukasz. PEP 569 -- Python 3.8 Release Schedule. 2018-01-27 [2021-07-15].
- ^ 35.0 35.1 Langa, Łukasz. [RELEASE] Python 3.9.8 and 3.11.0a2 are now available. python-announce (邮件列表). 2021-11-05 [2021-11-06].
- ^ 36.0 36.1 Langa, Łukasz. PEP 596 -- Python 3.9 Release Schedule. 2020-10-13 [2021-07-15].
- ^ 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 Langa, Łukasz. PEP 602 -- Annual Release Cycle for Python. 2019-06-04 [2019-11-29].
- ^ 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 Salgado, Pablo. PEP 619 -- Python 3.10 Release Schedule. 2020-05-25 [2021-07-15].
- ^ 39.0 39.1 39.2 Salgado, Pablo. PEP 664 -- Python 3.11 Release Schedule. 2021-07-12 [2021-07-15].
參閲
- 軟體工程史
- 阿米巴作業系統(Amoeba)
- Python語法及語義