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维基专题:學校/條目指引

维基百科，自由的百科全书
< WikiProject:學校

这是本页的一个历史版本，由S099001​（留言 | 贡献）在2020年1月27日 (一) 14:22编辑。这可能和当前版本存在着巨大的差异。

Coordinators
Coordinators?
The Coords keep the project pages on their watchlists, welcome new participants, maintain lists, keep the discussions tidy, on track, and on the right pages, and check for signatures and page links, and develop sub pages and templates as required, etc. - nothing much more than any experienced project member can do. Coords offer their own suggestions and opinions in the normal way.

The WikiProject Schools article guidelines describe how the content of school articles should be organized, with the aim of providing general guidance to editors. A school in this context refers to any institution that delivers lower secondary education ISCED 2011 level 2（英语：International Standard Classification of Education） or upper secondary education ISCED 2011 Level 3（英语：International Standard Classification of Education） as defined by the ISCE（英语：International Standard Classification of Education）. It is recommended that the guidelines be read fully before starting a new article, in particular, the notability section. Institutions offering ISCED 2011 level 1（英语：International Standard Classification of Education） will normally not have a separate article, but be placed in a schools section in their controling authority.

Notability

Notable is defined, in the Collins Online Dictionary as: worthy of being noted or remembered; remarkable; distinguished. [1] Wikipedia use the first meaning to decide whether the topic is worthy of inclusion. The school does not have to be remarkable or distinguished.. Wikipedia decides whether a school in notable enough for a stand-alone article by assessing, if it "has received significant coverage in reliable sources that are independent of the subject".

Template:Wikiproject notability essay

参见：Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Common outcomes § Education和Wikipedia:Notability (high schools)

Individual articles must usually meet either the Wikipedia general notability guideline or the organizations and companies subject-specific notability guideline – note that the notability requirement is to pass one of the two guidelines; there is no obligation to pass both. None of the many discussions over the years have reached a consensus, with the current practice being generally observed as evidenced by thousands of examples.

  • School articles are exempt from speedy deletion criterion A7.
  • Non-notable school articles are generally blanked and redirected to the school district's article (USA) or to an appropriate section on the article about its locality (rest of the world) and merging any appropriate content. The R from school template should be placed on the redirect page, which then also automatically populates the related category. This is an uncontroversial operation and avoids unnecessary use of PROD, CSD or WP:AfD and is governed by policy at WP:ATD-R.

In practice articles on high/secondary schools and school districts are usually kept, as they are almost always found to be notable, unless their existence cannot be verified in order to stop hoaxes. Articles on elementary/primary and middle schools are normally blanked and redirected or merged into the school district article (USA) or the appropriate locality article. There are however 60 stand-alone articles on primary schools in London because they were found 'notable'. Articles on educational establishments are formally exempt from the speedy deletion A7 criterion, but totally inappropriate articles can, and should be tagged for deletion under any other general or article criterion that applies.

Types of schools

The ISCE（英语：International Standard Classification of Education） has defined lower secondary education ISCED 2011 level 2（英语：International Standard Classification of Education） and upper secondary education ISCED 2011 Level 3（英语：International Standard Classification of Education）, which in many education authorities are delivered in the same school.

  • Primary education: Generally called 'Elementary School' in the Us, and 'Primary School' in most other English speaking countries. École primaire (France), Grundschule (Germany)
  • Lower secondary education: examples are Middle School, Junior High School, Collège (France),
  • Upper secondary education: High School, Senior High School, Sixth Form College (UK), Lycée (France)

In Germany secondary education is complex and varies from state to state. It includes Hauptschule and Realschule which generally educate to Grade 10, Gymnasium which educates to Grade 12 and 13, and Gesamtschule which combines the focus of all three but may not necessaily include the final years which lead to university entrance standards.

In China an institution called a "middle school" in English may in fact be, in Chinese, a "secondary school" or 中学 (which really means any secondary school). The actual Chinese word an American understanding of a "middle school" (lower secondary) is 初中 chuzhong while upper secondary/senior high is 高中 ("gaozhong"). A "zhongxue" often has both levels. Check with Wikipedia:WikiProject China if you are unsure whether a Chinese "middle school" has an upper secondary/senior high school component.[a]

It is recommended that editors only create a school article when its content shows that it already passes the notability guideline by displaying significant coverage in reliable sources. Some editors cite the contents of WP:SCHOOLOUTCOMES or this page as reasons for keeping school articles that don't at face value meet notability requirements; it should be noted, however, that these pages simply document the current practice and are not in themselves authoritative. Drafting an article in the user space (such as at Special:Mypage/School article) or more preferably in the Draft namespace where it will get more attention and help from others. It can then be moved and published into the main space when it is ready. This will prevent deletion while the article is being developed.

一般訣竅

維基百科對版面布局的相關指引，請見Wikipedia:格式手冊/版面佈局。

快捷方式
  1. 在您的沙盒中開始您的新條目，尤其這篇條目是您的處女作時。因為您只要公開這篇條目到主命名空間（main namespace），世界上的任何一個人都可以立刻看到她。如果您不知道怎麼操作，可以訪問WP:WPSCH/P列表上的其他使用者，他們會樂意協助。
  2. Style. Keep the prose 'tight'. This is an encyclopedia—avoid the use of familiar language, contractions (it's, he's, don't, etc.), and magazine or blog style. Do not use the first person plural 'we'.
  3. Avoid advertising. Don't use promotional language（英语：Hype） about your school or words that boost its image. Remember that this is an encyclopedia - it's not a school brochure, website, or Facebook entry.
  4. Avoid stubs. Only add schools that you are willing to do significant research on, and complete most of the generally required page sections. Don't automatically assume that someone else is interested enough in your school to finish it for you. Under certain conditions, very poorly made articles might simply get deleted and your effort will be lost.
  5. Avoid short sections. Consider combining sentences into flowing paragraphs of prose. Remember that books don't have one-line chapters. Section headings are large and too many in a small area make the page look ugly. Delete empty sections.
  6. Avoid ambiguity. Include the country of your school in the lead section. Wikipedia is read worldwide, and not everyone speaks the same English as you; some words have very different meanings in different countries. Dates should always be written out in full i.e. 4 July 1984 in the body as well as in inline references. Abbreviations must be written out in full at the first occurrence, and local terminology must be explained or wiki-linked, for example, K–12, Twelfth grade, Reception（英语：Reception (school)）, sixth form. The letter K in the British school system is usually an abbreviation for Key Stage, but in the US is an abbreviation for kindergarten. Kindergarten is a pre-school in most European countries but part of the school system in North America. A prep school（英语：prep school） in the UK is an independent (private) primary/elementary school catering for students up to the age of 13 whereas in America a prep school prepares students for entry to university. A grammar school is a selective secondary school in Europe but an elementary school in North America. A college in the US is usually a university. In the United Kingdom, college has a multiplicity of meanings: Sixth form colleges and further education（英语：further education） colleges provide education for students aged between 16 and 19 years. In the tertiary sector the universities of Oxford and Cambridge are made up of constituent colleges. College is also sometimes used to refer to university education.
  7. Write a strong lead. Be sure to write a lead that concisely summarizes the school into one or two paragraphs which make sense to someone who may know nothing about the school in question, and remember to include the country where the school is located.
  8. Support your contributions. Before you start an article on a school, or make additions, it is strongly suggested you first have an adequate amount of verifiable information about the school readily available, written in reliable published sources, independent of the school. This will make meeting the recommended content requirements far easier than trying to find all the information after you have already started the article (or hoping others will).
  9. Images.: Using images and school crests, emblems, or logos can greatly enhance articles, but only use them when they help illustrate the topic (e.g. are relevant), and ensure that they are freely licensed（英语：Wikipedia:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License） or in the public domain (See Wikipedia:Image use policy). In most cases, the only way to accomplish this is for you to take the photo yourself and upload it following the instructions for licensing. For crests, emblems, or logos, see the special instructions in the infobox section.
  10. 資訊框。 Wikipedia Infoboxes are an important element of many page types. They provide an overview of essential school information in a format that is common to all school articles. (See the main infobox section below). 英文維基百科規定，旗幟符號不應被使用。
  11. Go back to your new article in a day or two to see if it has been tagged for you to do something urgent to it. Someone might even have listed it for deletion.
  12. Return to your article frequently. A Wikipedia article, like all encyclopedias, is always a work in progress. Heads change, the number of students changes, new inspections are published, some former students (alumni) become famous, and someone may have changed your edits and damaged your work.
  13. Avoid bulk additions. The mass creation of short school articles is strongly discouraged and can even cause authors to be blocked for disruptive editing.
  14. Get help! post a question at WP:WPSCH/H or check out the various lists of coordinators and active members of this project at WP:WPSCH/P and don't hesitate to ask for help on their talk page, many of them are beginners too and you can help each other, while some of the lists are of really cool experts who just love to help out.
  15. Be bold! If you have already edited Wikipedia pages, you probably know what perfect articles look like. They cover everything they should without going on forever. Common sense could have told you almost all of the items mentioned above. Ultimately, assume good faith and go out there and write some good articles!

中立的觀點

快捷方式

保持中立的觀點描述學校。避免華而不實的稱讚稱讚、過度的描繪性形容詞（就算參考來源就是這麼寫著）。無論各該學校是公立還是私立，皆不應為宣傳語調。

避免提及學校的教育理念、教育目標（英语：Wikipedia:Avoid mission statements），這通常只是宣傳。

避免比較競爭性的、用以促進學校的體育成果、升學考試成績等資料。就算撰寫大專院校條目，依然要避免過度熱衷推廣學術（英语：Wikipedia:Avoid academic boosterism）。之前曾有一些例子：

  • 「某校擁有悠久、輝煌的歷史。」
  • 「某校被認為是甲省、甚至甲國最頂尖的公立高級中學之一。」
  • 「某校是甲國錄取率最低的學校（之一）。」
  • 「某某國民中學國中教育會考A等第者佔87%，有86%的學生通過全民英檢初級。」

避免列出在某一大專院校獲得學位的學生姓名或數量。

結構

快捷方式

編寫學校專題相關條目時，建議您依循格式手冊的指示，與內容無關的字詞不要做出內部連結，如年月日（這部分的話，如果有特殊相關性，可以酌予通融）。

若要寫出一篇好的學校條目，關鍵在於說明這間學校為何獨特？和其他學校有何不同？Does it have special programs（英语：Brooklyn Technical High School）? A history of championship sports teams（英语：Saint Ignatius High School, Cleveland, Ohio）? Famous alumni（英语：Upper Canada College）? Has there been a noteworthy event（英语：Winter Springs High School） there?

條目段落

The following section names are for guidance only, and may be adjusted to suit local spelling, custom, and organization. Do not use very short sections; very short articles are best kept to a single section only, avoiding unnecessary page clutter.

資訊框

快捷方式

所有學校條目均應有一資訊框，以便提供簡潔的資訊，讓讀者快速地瞭解條目主題。

挑選正確的資訊框

Please see the complete listing of infobox templates. Select the one that appears to be most specific to your subject. Please use one of the existing templates; do not create a new infobox template for any school subject without discussing it at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Schools（英语：Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Schools） first. Please do not copy and use infoboxes from other school pages, they may well be the wrong ones, or older deprecated versions. Also note that infoboxes contain programme code that you cannot see, it is essential that you read the relative infobox documentation and the examples. Below are some shortcuts to the most common templates used for primary and secondary schools:

條目主題 應使用資訊框
Australia {{Infobox school}}
Canada {{Infobox school}}
Canada School District* {{Infobox school district}}
Ireland {{Infobox school}}
New Zealand {{Infobox school}}
United Kingdom {{Infobox school}}
United States {{Infobox school}}
United States School District* {{Infobox school district}}
* Indicates exceptions exist. See the complete listing of infobox templates.
資訊框內容

提供該校基本資料，包含街道地址、所在行政區（例如：英國可填寫所在郡，澳大利亞聯邦可填寫州、臺灣學校可以填入縣市）、郵遞區號、地理座標。英國請填入組成邦：英格蘭、蘇格蘭、北愛爾蘭、威爾士。他們各有其教育制度及主管部門。見維基百科:格式手冊/資訊框以了解資訊框中應包含哪些資訊的一致性、注意事項、目的和用法。

  • 應避免：
    • 聯絡細節，例如電話號碼、傳真號碼、電子信箱。（見相關方針）
    • 副職領導人，例如副校長（見相關方針）
    • 副主席
    • 臨時職位
    • 前綴（英语：Pre-nominal letters）或後綴字 (CEO、Dr、BA、BSc、MA、PhD等)
    • 「先生」、「太太」、「女士」、「小姐」，除非難以自姓名中辨認其性別。例如：「陳進」或「陳進女士」。（由於婚姻狀況可能改變，女性恆使用「女士」較為適當。）
    • 國家旗幟
  • 建議包含：
    • 學生人數，建議附上參考資料，或至少標記資料年分（如（2007））。隨年度而變更的資料，如預算、教職員工數、生師比、畢業生等。可以取捨至整數位或最近的10位。在非常適用的情況下，可以標註「約」等括約詞（可選）。
    • 校訓。如非中文，應使用適當之語言模板（如{{lang-la|拉丁文校訓}}），並附上漢語翻譯。
    • 該校徽章（英语：Crest (heraldry)）、標誌、校印、象徵或臂章（一般來說，顯示尺寸最大為150像素）。可自該校網站複製或自校方文書掃描而得。必須提供來源、授權條款，在英文維基百科中，於著作權條款下拉選單中選擇logo，並複製以下合理使用資訊：

:Fair use in '''{{tsl|en|page name||page name}}'''
:Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws, and :the stricter requirements of Wikipedia's non-free content policies, because:
:# Source: '''[http:// school website]''' Retrieved '''DD/month/year'''
:# It illustrates an educational article about the entity that the logo represents.
:# The image is used as a school infobox illustration.
:# It is a low-resolution image, and thus not suitable for production of counterfeit goods.
:# The logo is not used in such a way that a reader would be confused into believing that the article is written or authorized by the owner of the logo.
:# It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted image of comparable educational value.

首段（引言、導言）

建議您在第一句中使用粗體字標示該校的官方全銜、常見名稱及歷史上使用過的其他名稱，並描述其類型與位置。如：

雲林縣立土庫國民中學，簡稱土庫國中，是一所位在中華民國臺灣雲林縣土庫鎮的縣立國民中學。
或 國立虎尾高級中學，簡稱虎尾高中、虎高或虎中，前稱臺灣省立虎尾高級中學，中華民國國立普通型高級中等學校，位於臺灣雲林縣。

首段可以提到學校的一些特點。可以寫出創校者的姓名及創校時使用的名稱，以及該校和任何教育組織或學校系統、聯盟的關係。可簡要列出學生人數的統計（儘量使用最新資料，標記資料的日期。如果這些資料需要非常頻繁的更新，建議您三思而後行。）

總結文章的主要部分——歷史、校友、建築等。內容需要參考來源來證實，不過如果其後諸段已經有正確的引用，在首段不需要重複引用一遍。

其他章節

== 學校歷史 ==

== 管理體系 ==

== 學校組織 ==

== 招生情況 ==

== 課程教學 ==

== 課外活動 ==

== 校園環境 ==

== 獎項及榮譽 ==

== 知名校友 ==

== 知名教職員 ==

== 歷屆校長 ==

== 參考文獻 ==

{{reflist}}

== 外部連結 ==

* {{official|www.example.edu}}
  • 校史：描繪這所學校的歷史，及其發展的重要里程碑。如果該校是以某人命名，記得放個內連連結到他的條目（不過有個前提，就是那位老兄具有關注度。如果沒有的話，簡單用一兩句話帶過他的生平即可）。如果適用的話，可以提及該校命名來由，還有和這個名字的聯繫。
  • 管理體系：描述其法律狀態、委託契約（foundation deed，如果是私校）、主管單位（如果是國立學校）或理事會的組成。
  • 學校組織：描述學校如何管理學生的宗教、學術或競爭活動。談及班級規模、編班方式、家長與學校如何聯繫、特殊需求。如果人員配置值得關注（如院系、科別等），亦可在此討論。
  • 招生情況（若具關注度）：描述其錄取方式、超額比序方式，學費和獎學金亦在此節討論。
  • 課程教學：提供學校課程的簡要說明。它遵循國定、州定課程還是自己的校定課程？可聚焦其特色課程，如它是當地唯一一所教授德文或客家語的學校嗎？它有烹飪科嗎？請勿列出所有科目的清單以及學校的表現（performance），讀者可以從學校的宣傳摺頁或校網獲得這些資訊。
  • 課外活動：提及代表性的校隊及值得關注的內容。如果該校有一些學生會、校刊、俱樂部、定期活動等傳統特色，亦可在此討論。本節標題可依據其校隊、社團、傳統或學生會的重要性而稍做變化，如寫為學生會、體育及傳統或班聯會活動。
    • 請勿列出人數過少的迷你社團或無指導老師、僅由學生管理的社團。所有學校都有社團，不過列入這些社團不是百科全書需要的學校基礎描述。
    • 除非像是在學時就出名的丹尼尔·拉德克利夫等，否則不應該提到特定學生。主要的課外錦標賽應列入“體育”、“田徑”或“活動”的章節，可包含和該校聲譽特別相關的任何成就，建議僅列出其最高成就，避免過度重視次要者。通常不應列出學生個人榮譽。
  • 校園環境：描述校園的整體形狀、大小，如有自由版權圖像，則應包含在內。如果某棟建築或體育館本身或建築師有趣、非常有名或值得關注，則可提及，並考慮列出單獨的建築（校舍）章節，如英文維基百科之倫敦學校#建築。不包含每棟建築物的所有細節、教室或設備的細節。
  • 獎項及榮譽 – A list of notable awards and recognition received by the school, staff, or students. Such a list should only include awards which are themselves notable, and if the school received the same type of awards in multiple years, they should not be listed separately. If the list becomes too long it should be split into a separate sub-article with a summary left in the main article. Awards and recognition may also be mentioned in other sections of the article at editor's discretion, even if the awards themselves are not notable. For awards/recognition given to school clubs or sport teams, list them in the appropriate section e.g. Sports and traditions. See the guideline under the Extracurricular activities section for details on alternative headings that may be used for information on school clubs and sports. If the school has received only a few academic awards, consider putting them as prose under the Curriculum section.
  • 知名校友 – If possible, provide a list of notable alumni of the school with appropriate and sourced detail on each, moving the list to a separate article（英语：List of Old Malvernians） if it is too large. The section may also include an overview of the school's alumni, providing appropriate details where available, such as the school's reputation for their alumni, the fields in which the school's alumni have had an impact, and any alumni society. See #Alumni for further guidance.
  • 知名教職員 – The names of current and former teachers should only be included if they are notable in their own right (for example, they are published authors or they have won a teaching award), or they have been the subject of multiple non-trivial press coverage.
  • 歷任校長：列出歷任校長並簡述其貢獻，如過長則應拆分，如英文維基百科的伊頓公學校長列表。
  • 參考文獻 – Provide verifiable reliable sources of information about the school, that are independent of the school itself. An article should not rely solely on what its subject has to say about itself (as with any article in Wikipedia). A school's own website is not an independent source, though can be an acceptable source for information sections involving no value judgments, such as school structure. References from third-party sources are preferable and particularly important for school awards and contentious statements. For private schools in North America, an accreditation body or government source should be provided to show the organization is a legitimate school; for the UK this will generally be Ofsted（英语：Ofsted）. There is no requirement on Wikipedia for sources used in articles to be online; either online or offline sources can be used as long as they are correctly cited, reliable, and published. If a resource is online, consider the future possibility it will go offline (newspapers often allow free reading only for recent stories), and provide sufficient information so that the story will still be found (author, publication, full article title, date, and if possible the archive URL). Wikipedia:Manual of Style (footnotes) contains technical details on how to correctly format footnotes.
  • 外部連結：記得要有該校網站，如果有中文版會更好。列出一些讀者可能有興趣的連結, but whose contents might be beyond the scope of inclusion in the article (for example, links to the school's Parent Teacher Association). For understanding of adding external links to the school article(s), see guidelines of adding external links.

學區及學校條目列表

Should you wish to create or improve an article on a school district or create a list of schools article, a fine example can be found at Dallas Independent School District（英语：Dallas Independent School District）, and a list at List of schools of the Dallas Independent School District（英语：List of schools of the Dallas Independent School District）. A less complicated example list is List of Clark County School District schools（英语：List of Clark County School District schools）.

What not to include

快捷方式

School articles should be written from a neutral point of view and only contain material of encyclopaedic interest; lists should be kept to a minimum; prose with context to the individual school is preferred. Remember that Wikipedia is not a directory, a depository of news links, a host of primary source material, or a place for promotional material or advertising.

Any mention of living people must conform with the biography of living persons policy, including the presumption in favour of privacy. While naming the head teacher or principal is permitted, lists or detailed information about current or former pupils, parents of current or former pupils, administrative staff, school secretaries, current or former teachers etc. is usually inappropriate. Special care should be taken in regards to the mention of individual pupils or providing information that would allow individual pupils to be identified (particularly where they are underage); such disclosures should only occur in exceptional circumstances. School articles must be balanced, and not give undue prominence to events outside the control of the school, that have involved staff or students.

School articles should also specifically not include:

  • Excessive amounts of detail about the school uniform or dress code, unless it has seen significant coverage in multiple third-party source（英语：third-party source）s. However, the uniform may still be mentioned briefly without this level of coverage, particularly if it is unusual;
  • Trivia which is only of interest to pupils in the school (such as school timetables, bell schedules（英语：Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Schools/Archive_14）, class-by-class rules, daily lunch menus, location of the toilets, or a room-by-room description of the school facilities);
  • Wikipedia articles about schools must be neutral. The purpose is not to bring shame to educational institutions. Any such additions will be removed by the School Project coordinators or any other editor. The fact that such activities may be reported in the press is no business of an encyclopedia. Persistent reinsertion of such content may result in sanctions for the editor. See: WP:NOTNEWSPAPER, WP:UNDUE, WP:NPOV,and WP:BLPCRIME.
  • Current school events which are only of short-term interest;
  • Telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses (postal addresses are acceptable in infoboxes);
  • Country or regional flags, including within infoboxes;
  • Lists of colleges and universities that have accepted students from the school;
  • Copies of the school's mission statement（英语：Wikipedia:Avoid mission statements）, aims, or goals – these are generally considered promotional;
  • Comparisons of sports results, exam results, etc. between schools which introduces rivalry, unless third-party reliable sources themselves make such comparisons; otherwise this is a form of original research. Such content can also be considered promotional, and although written for colleges and universities, the advice in Wikipedia:Avoid academic boosterism（英语：Wikipedia:Avoid academic boosterism） also applies here;
  • The lyrics of the school song (or school anthem). However, the lyrics may be placed on Wikisource and linked to from the article using {{Wikisource}} if it can be verified that the song is in the public domain or has been released by the copyright holder under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike licence. See Wikipedia:Public domain and Wikipedia:Non-U.S. copyrights for guidance on when material will enter the public domain.

Formatting

Capitalisation

School subjects would generally be lower case except where they contain proper nouns such as languages. If referring to a specific named course like Geography 205 Spatial Distribution of Populations, that would be capitalized. For a high school class where there's one course in the social sciences department named Geography, it could be capitalized, but there's seldom a need to. Generally – capitalize proper nouns. People in education tend to overcapitalize subject areas, but Wikipedia doesn't.

Applicable categories

For the Wikipedia guideline on categories, see Wikipedia:Categorization.

Try to avoid overcategorization. Generally all of Category:Education, but especially articles in the subcategories of

See also:

相關參考工具

更多信息：§ acceptable references

歷史

Some schools have published histories. Check the online catalogue at WorldCat. For UK schools the best reference is COPAC. Smaller schools might not have deposited a school history with one of the major deposit libraries so check the catalogue of the relevant local library (most are now online). Even if you do not live in the locality it is possible to borrow any book for a modest fee via the inter-library loan system

Many schools have buildings which are of architectural importance. Some English schools have been classified by English Heritage as listed buildings and are included on the Images of England website, while some American schools are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Statistics

Australia

United Kingdom

(Note: Following major changes in UK government in 2010, some UK agencies have changed their focus and/or their websites. See also: Independent School Inspections)

  • England:
    • The Department for Education (DfE) on the GOV.UK website has comprehensive information about schools.
      • "Get information about schools" page allows you to search for a school and provides detailed information such as location, enrolment figures and a link to the school’s Ofsted reports page.
      • The "Standards" page, which contained comprehensive lists of Beacon Schools, academies, and specialist schools, has been "decommissioned" following the 2010 United Kingdom general election – an archive can be found here.
    • Schools are inspected by Ofsted（英语：Ofsted） (a separate government department independent of the DfE) and independent schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate（英语：Independent Schools Inspectorate） (ISI).
    • Most county councils and district councils have comprehensive websites which provide details of school admissions policies and other useful information. The "Find your local council" page on the GOV.UK website allows you to find your local council by entering a postcode.
    • Many schools are academies（英语：Academy (English school)） and the websites of these schools as well as the "Get information about schools" page has a link to the controlling Academy trust. They publish annual reports and financial statements that may be of use.

United States

Awards

(Note: These are examples only and the list is not intended to be exhaustive. Contributors are welcome to add other notable international or national awards here so that they can be researched and used by other school article editors.)

Awards should only be mentioned if they themselves are notable. Not all awards are genuine awards. Local awards for Beautiful Gardens around the schoolyard, or Good Food for the school canteen do not really count.

In the United Kingdom, information on awards is available at UK teaching awards, and at School Achievement Award Scheme. Budget allocations for a Specialism College (in the UK) are not items for the 'Awards' section.

In the United States, information on awards is available at Blue Ribbon Schools Program run by the United States Department of Education and at Blue Ribbon Schools of Excellence Program (BRSE). See also Wikipedia article: Blue Ribbon Schools Program（英语：Blue Ribbon Schools Program）.

In Australia, the Citizenship Award Order of Australia in Queensland confers awards to primary and secondary schools in Queensland each year. Such awards could contribute to the level of notability required for primary school articles. People's Choice Awards gives one prize per year for a school video from over 1,100 registered contenders.

Global: The International School Award for cross-cultural school projects is administered by the British Council in the UK and with partners in many other countries.

Alumni

参见：Wikipedia:ALMAMATER和Wikipedia:Namechecking

快捷方式

All alumni information must be referenced. See Wikipedia:Footnoting for technical help. Individual alumni need a citation to a) verify that they did indeed attend the school, and b) verify the statement of their notability in their short one- or two-line description. When alumni have their own articles in mainspace, it is not necessary for their notability to be referenced, as long as it is done in the biographical articles. Be sure to check the existing biography article to ensure that it demonstrates alumni status with a cited reference.

Who should be included?

For stand-alone lists of alumni, alumni to be included must meet the normal criteria established for that page. Inclusion in Lists of alumni included as part of a large article should be determined by WP:SOURCELIST and the same criteria used to determine the inclusion of other material in the article according to Wikipedia policies and guidelines (including Wikipedia:Trivia sections).

All alumni meeting these criteria are to be included on an alumni list, regardless of how much time they have spent on a school roll, from one day to several years, and whether or not they graduated.

Style of entries

The Wikipedia:Manual of Style (embedded lists) guideline invites consideration of whether information might be more appropriately presented in list or prose form. As the notable alumni of a school typically form an assorted group with little in common, describing all of them in prose would be clumsy. Unless there are very few notable alumni, lists are recommended as the most accessible way of presenting all of them. Adding a prose summary is encouraged, particularly if the list is split off as a separate article.

Entries should be bulleted and have a very brief description of their notability. Links to articles related to an entry are encouraged, but beware of overlinking, for example if many alumni have entered parliament, there is no need to link to the parliament of a certain country more than once. After a description, state when they graduated or what years they attended.

Alumni may be categorized alphabetically, or according to the field that made them famous: e.g. politics, medicine, academia. It is acceptable to list someone in more than one field, provided that this is mentioned in a side note. Add something like: "(Also listed in sport)".

As all alumni who attended a school for any amount of time must be included across all alumni articles, some attendees will have attended more than one school. Place in brackets the name of any other schools that they attended.

Separate alumni pages

If a list of alumni in a school article becomes quite large, consider moving it to another page entitled "List of...". It is not necessary to include "notable" in the article title, as all articles in the mainspace need to follow notability guidelines. Have a look at other alumni pages in Category:Lists of people by school affiliation, for an example of a separate alumni page see List of Old Malvernians（英语：List of Old Malvernians） with its summary. If the alumni are listed in a separate article, the alumni section in the school article should link to the list article and provide a brief summary. See Harrow School#Notable alumni or Baltimore City College#Notable alumni（英语：Baltimore City College） for examples of such summaries.

Notable alumni sources

Alumni to be included should meet Wikipedia notability criteria, and must be verifiable; a biography page in Wikipedia that does not provide a source cannot be used as a reference. The following is a list of external sources which contain notable alumni from various schools. Ideally this should be used for sources that are selective (separating the most notable from the rest of the alumni). When using information from one of these sources, always try to confirm it with another source (such as a newspaper article specifically about the person) and don't automatically assume any source is comprehensive, even in its field of expertise. Ideally you should confirm something from both sides (e.g. the school acknowledges the individual, and the individual acknowledges the school).

International sources

United States

Athletes:

  • The Baseball Cube has a very extensive database of baseball players, with the data searchable by city, high school, college, team, etc.
  • Basketball Reference has a list of NBA players' high schools, searchable by state.
  • National High School Baseball Coaches Association contains lists of BCA award winners back to 1992, including National Senior Players of the Year Winners, Coaches of the Year and Assistant Coaches of the Year (by District), and National Groundskeeper/Field of the Year; District and National High School Baseball Coaches Association All American Teams, 2005 through 2007; National, District, and BCA/Louisville Slugger State Players of Year. The BCA Hall Of Fame lists coaches inducted after meeting criteria, including 20 years of varsity coaching experience, and being elected.

Local sources:

Individual alumni information;

Use this sub-page（英语：Wikipedia:WikiProject Schools/Alumni） for recording school alumni who can't yet be placed in an article (e.g. the school article doesn't exist yet). When an article is made, the info can be moved there. By linking from this sub-page, somebody who creates the article would see this in the backlinks.

註釋

  1. ^ Template:List of names for secondary schools by country

參考資料

  1. ^ Notable definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary. www.collinsdictionary.com. Collins. [20 November 2017] （英语）. 
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