SOLID (object-oriented design)

SOLID is an acronym (short name) for a group of five good principles (rules) in computer programming. SOLID allows programmers to write code that is easier to understand and change later on. It applies to Object-Oriented Programming in which you represent each real-life object as computer code 'Class' and describe how they relate to each other.

SOLID was promoted by Robert C. Martin but the name itself was created by Michael Feathers.

SOLID Principles:

• Single responsibility principle - Class has one job to do. Each change in requirements can be done by changing just one class.
• Open/closed principle - Class is happy (open) to be used by others. Class is not happy (closed) to be changed by others.
• Liskov substitution principle - Class can be replaced by any of its children. Children classes inherit parent's behaviours.
• Interface segregation principle - When classes promise each other something, they should separate these promises (interfaces) into many small promises, so it's easier to understand.
• Dependency inversion principle - When classes talk to each other in a very specific way, they both depend on each other to never change. Instead classes should use promises (interfaces, parents), so classes can change as long as they keep the promise.