Localization

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Localization or localisation may refer to:

Biology

Localization of function, locating psychological functions in the brain or nervous system; see Linguistic intelligence
Localization of sensation, ability to tell what part of the body is affected by touch or other sensation; see Allochiria
Neurologic localization, in neurology, the process of deducing the location of injury based on symptoms and neurological examination
Nuclear localization signal, an amino acid sequence on the surface of a protein which acts like a 'tag' to localize the protein in the cell
Sound localization, a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound
Subcellular localization, organization of cellular components into different regions of a cell

Engineering and technology

GSM localization, determining the location of an active cell phone or wireless transceiver
Robot localization, figuring out robot's position in an environment
Indoor positioning system, a network of devices used to locate objects or people inside a building
Navigation, determining one's position accurately on the surface of Earth
Radiolocation, finding the location of something via radio waves
Satellite navigation, a positioning and navigation technique aided by satellites

Adaptation to language, etc.

Language localization, translating product related documents into different languages and adapting that translation to a country, region and/or jurisdiction
Internationalization and localization, the adaptation of computer software for non-native environments, especially other nations and cultures
Video game localization, preparation of video games for other locales
Dub localization, the adaptation of a movie or television series for another audience
- Subtitle localization
Indigenization, the process of adopting and integrating elements of a local culture, including language, customs, and names, often to better align with the local community

Mathematics

Localization of a category, adding to a category inverse morphisms for some collection of morphisms, constraining them to become isomorphisms
Localization of a ring and a module, in abstract algebra, a formal way to introduce the "denominators" to a given ring or a module
Localization of a topological space, the localization of topological spaces at primes
Localization theorem, theorem to infer the nullity of a function given only information about its continuity and the value of its integral

Physics

Anderson localization, in condensed matter physics, the absence of diffusion of waves in a disordered medium
Weak localization, a physical effect which occurs in disordered electronic systems at very low temperatures
Supersymmetric localization, a method to compute exact correlation functions of certain supersymmetric operators in supersymmetric quantum field theories

Other uses

Localization Era (1900-1300 BCE), the fourth and final period of the Indus Valley Tradition
The opposite of economic globalisation
Internationalization and localization, the adaptation of products for international use by conforming them to the conventions of each target locale, including language and culture.