Bypass transition
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A bypass transition is a kind of Laminar–turbulent transition in a flow over a surface, in which some of pre-transitional events which are generally occurring in natural Laminar–turbulent transition, such as generation of two dimensional Tollmien-Schlichting waves, spanwise vorticity and three-dimensional vortex breakdown are bypassed and through some secondary instability mode the laminar boundary layer becomes a turbulent boundary layer.
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Pre-transitional flow structures
In Bypass transition flow, the pre-transitional flow structures are quite different from those of very low turbulent intensity free-stream flow. From various laboratory experiments and computational studies, it has been observed that the low frequency streaky flow structures are present inside the laminar boundary layers. These streaky structures are called Klebanoff modes or simply K-modes since this was first experimentally observed by Klebanoff.[2]
References
- ^ Morkovin M. V., Reshotko E., Herbert T. 1994. "Transition in open flow systems—a reassessment". Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 39:1882.
- ^ Matsubara, M.; Alfredsson, P. H. (2001). "Disturbance growth in boundary layers subjected to free-stream turbulence". Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 430: 149–168. doi:10.1017/s0022112000002810.